scholarly journals Autophagy and thyroid carcinogenesis: genetic and epigenetic links

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. R13-R29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Morani ◽  
Rossella Titone ◽  
Loredana Pagano ◽  
Alessandra Galetto ◽  
Oscar Alabiso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Thyroid Cancers ◽  
Radioiodine Ablation ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Papillary Type ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Cells

Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer of the endocrine system and is responsible for the majority of deaths from endocrine malignancies. Although a large proportion of thyroid cancers belong to well differentiated histologic subtypes, which in general show a good prognosis after surgery and radioiodine ablation, the treatment of radio-resistant papillary-type, of undifferentiated anaplastic, and of medullary-type thyroid cancers remains unsatisfactory. Autophagy is a vesicular process for the lysosomal degradation of protein aggregates and of damaged or redundant organelles. Autophagy plays an important role in cell homeostasis, and there is evidence that this process is dysregulated in cancer cells. Recentin vitropreclinical studies have indicated that autophagy is involved in the cytotoxic response to chemotherapeutics in thyroid cancer cells. Indeed, several oncogenes and oncosuppressor genes implicated in thyroid carcinogenesis also play a role in the regulation of autophagy. In addition, some epigenetic modulators involved in thyroid carcinogenesis also influence autophagy. In this review, we highlight the genetic and epigenetic factors that mechanistically link thyroid carcinogenesis and autophagy, thus substantiating the rationale for an autophagy-targeted therapy of aggressive and radio-chemo-resistant thyroid cancers.

scholarly journals Effects of sorafenib and an adenylyl cyclase activator on in vitro growth of well-differentiated thyroid cancer cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1115-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Sawa ◽  
Tomohiro Chiba ◽  
Jun Ishii ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamamoto ◽  
Hisato Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Adenylyl Cyclase ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Cells ◽  
Cyclase Activator

scholarly journals Nelfinavir inhibits proliferation and induces DNA damage in thyroid cancer cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk Jensen ◽  
Athanasios Bikas ◽  
Aneeta Patel ◽  
Yevgeniya Kushchayeva ◽  
John Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Thyroid Cancers ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Cells

The HIV protease inhibitor Nelfinavir (NFV) inhibits PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways, emerging targets in thyroid cancers. We examined the effects of NFV on cancer cells that derived from follicular (FTC), papillary (PTC) and anaplastic (ATC) thyroid cancers. NFV (1–20 µM) was tested in FTC133, BCPAP and SW1736 cell lines. The effects of NFV on cell proliferation were determined in vitro using real-time microscopy and by flow cytometry. DNA damage, apoptotic cell death and expression of molecular markers of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were determined by Western blot and real-time PCR. Real-time imaging demonstrated that NFV (10 µM) increased the time required for the cell passage through the phases of cell cycle and induced DNA fragmentation. Growth inhibitory effects of NFV were associated with the accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase, downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). NFV also induced the expression of γH2AX and p53BP1 indicating DNA damage. Treatment with NFV (20 µM) resulted in caspase-3 cleavage in all examined cells. NFV (20 µM) decreased the levels of total and p-AKT in PTEN-deficient FTC133 cells. NFV had no significant effects on total ERK and p-ERK in BRAF-positive BCPAP and SW1736 cells. NFV had no effects on the expression of EMT markers (Twist, Vimentin, E- and N-Cadherin), but inhibited the migration and decreased the abilities of thyroid cancer cells to survive in non-adherent conditions. We conclude that NFV inhibits proliferation and induces DNA damage in thyroid cancer cell lines. Our in vitro data suggest that NFV has a potential to become a new thyroid cancer therapeutic agent.

scholarly journals Antitumor Effect of Various Phytochemicals on Diverse Types of Thyroid Cancers

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Ji Shin ◽  
Kyung-A Hwang ◽  
Kyung-Chul Choi
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Cancers ◽  
Anticancer Efficacy ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
English Articles ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Cells ◽  
Inhibit Cell Proliferation

Thyroid cancers developed from the tissues of the thyroid gland are classified into papillary (PTC), follicular (FTC), medullary (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). Although thyroid cancers have been generally known as mild forms of cancer, undifferentiated MTC and ATC have a more unfavorable prognosis than differentiated PTC and FTC because they are more aggressive and early metastatic. A variety of therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have been currently used to treat thyroid cancer, but they still have limitations including drug resistance or unfavorable side effects. Phytochemicals are plant-derived chemicals having various physiological activities that are expected to be effective in cancer treatment. In this review, anticancer efficacy of phytochemicals, such as resveratrol, genistein, curcumin, and other substances in each type of thyroid cancer was introduced with their chemopreventive mechanisms. English articles related with thyroid cancer and anti-thyroid cancer of phytochemicals were searched from PubMed and Google Scholar. This article mainly focused on in vitro or animal studies on phytochemicals with anti-thyroid cancer activity. These various phytochemicals have been shown to induce apoptosis in all types of thyroid cancer cells, inhibit cell proliferation and invasion, and to be helpful in enhancing the effect of radioiodine therapy that is a typical therapy to thyroid cancer. These results suggest that thyroid cancer can be more effectively treated by the combinations of phytochemicals and the existing therapies or substances.

Dual inhibition of BRAF and MEK increases expression of sodium iodide symporter in patient-derived papillary thyroid cancer cells in vitro

Surgery ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Ullmann ◽  
Heng Liang ◽  
Maureen D. Moore ◽  
Isra Al-Jamed ◽  
Katherine D. Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Sodium Iodide Symporter ◽  
Dual Inhibition ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Cells

Desensitization of cyclic adenosine 3,5′-monophosphate response to thyrotropin in normal and primary or metastatic papillary thyroid cancer cells in vitro

Surgery ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 926-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdar Tezelman ◽  
Allan E. Siperstein ◽  
Quan-Yang Duh ◽  
Mariwil G. Wong ◽  
Orlo H. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Cells
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