Effect of cyproterone acetate on glucocorticoid secretion in patients treated for hirsutism

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Holdaway ◽  
M. S. Croxson ◽  
M. C. Evans ◽  
J. France ◽  
A. Sheehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyproterone Acetate ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Reverse Sequence ◽  
Urinary Cortisol Excretion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Adrenal Glucocorticoid

Abstract. The effect of cyproterone acetate (CA) on adrenal glucocorticoid secretion was studied in 35 women with hirsutism. Patients were treated for 9 months with 100 mg CA orally 10 days each month, administered in reverse sequence with 21 days of a combination oral contraceptive containing 50 μg ethinyloestradiol and 2 mg CA. During treatment one patient had a mildly impaired plasma cortisol response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia and 2 patients showed slight reduction of the plasma cortisol response to ACTH. Responses to metyrapone were normal in all patients tested. Overall, the mean response to these tests was significantly greater during CA treatment compared with pre-treatment measurements, probably due to effects of oestrogen on cortisol-binding globulin. In all patients urinary cortisol excretion remained normal and no patient demonstrated any features of steroid insufficiency. Thus it appears that CA has no untoward effect upon glucocorticoid secretion when given in high dosage for prolonged periods to hirsute women.

Heart rate responses and plasma cortisol concentrations in ewes: comparison between cervical and laparoscopic intrauterine insemination and their associated handling procedures

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Khalid ◽  
W. Haresign ◽  
D. G. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cortisol Responses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Mean Heart Rate

AbstractThis study consisted of two experiments. In experiment 1, stress responses of sheep which were restrained either in a laparoscopy cradle or a roll-over cradle were compared. The results of this experiment indicated that restraint in roll-over cradle is less (P < 0·05) stressful than that in a laparoscopy cradle when assessed in terms of the elevation and duration of both the mean heart rate and plasma cortisol responses. Experiment 2 compared the stress responses of sheep subjected to restraint in a laparoscopy cradle, restraint in a laparoscopy cradle with intrauterine artificial insemination (AI) by laparoscopy, minimal restraint with cervical AI or restraint in a roll-over cradle plus foot-trimming. All treatments resulted in significant elevations in both heart rate and plasma cortisol concentrations (F < 0·001). The peak heart rate was significantly (P < 0·05) higher in ewes subjected to cervical AI than in those subjected to intrauterine insemination, with other treatments intermediate. The peak cortisol response did not differ among different treatments. The duration over which both the mean heart rate and -plasma cortisol concentrations remained significantly elevated above pre-treatment concentrations did not differ among treatment groups. The results of this study suggest that while restraint using a laparoscopy cradle is more stressful than that using a rollover cradle, the stress inflicted by intrauterine insemination by laparoscopy itself is no greater than that due to restraint using the laparoscopy cradle alone, cervical AI or the management practice offoot-trimming using a rollover cradle.

Ovine corticotrophin-releasing factor in dogs: dose-response relationships and effects of dexamethasone

1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Kemppainen ◽  
D. V. Filer ◽  
J. L. Sartin ◽  
R. B. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Corticotrophin Releasing Factor ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Response Area ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract. Dose-response relationships between iv bolus injections (0, 0.1, 1 or 10 μg/kg) of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (oCRF) and plasma immunoreactive (i) ACTH and cortisol concentrations were examined in healthy, conscious dogs. All doses of oCRF resulted in elevated plasma iACTH and cortisol levels over those of the controls. Maximum (or Peak) plasma iACTH concentrations were generally observed 20–30 min after oCRF and the magnitude of these peaks was a linear function (P<0.001) of the logarithm of the oCRF dose. The time of peak cortisol concentrations was more variable but the peak cortisol level was also linearly related (P< 0.001) to the logarithm of the oCRF dose. An estimate for the response areas for both hormones demonstrated a quadratic (P < 0.05) relationship with the logarithm of the oCRF dose. The relationship between oCRF and the iACTH response suggested a progressively greater response at increasing oCRF doses while a maximally effective oCRF dose was predicted in the cortisol response area relationship. Graded (0, 0.01, 0.1 or 1 mg/kg) bolus doses of dexamethasone produced a dose-dependent (P < 0.03) decline in baseline plasma iACTH levels and a non-dosedependent suppression in baseline plasma cortisol. Pre-treatment with 0.001 mg dexamethasone/kg 4 or 8 h before injection of 1 μg oCRF/kg did not alter the plasma iACTH or cortisol response; however, 0.1 mg dexarhethasone/kg administered at these times totally abolished the responses to oCRF. An intermediate dose (0.01 mg/kg) of dexamethasone inhibited the plasma iACTH response by an average of 79% (P<0.01) when administered 4 h before oCRF, but did not significantly alter this response when given 8 h prior to oCRF. The plasma cortisol response to oCRF was inhibited (P < 0.01) when 0.01 mg dexamethasone/kg was given as a 4 h, but not as a 8 h, pre-treatment. Iv administration of oCRF produces a profound, dose-dependent stimulation of the pituitary-adrenocortical axis of dogs and should prove useful in studies of this system.

Plasma Cortisol Changes in Seawater-Adapted Mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus) Exposed to Ammonia

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2065-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Spotte ◽  
Gary Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Fundulus Heteroclitus ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Temperature Constant

Seawater-adapted mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus) were exposed to total NH4-N concentrations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/L for periods of 2, 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 h. Afterward, the fish were captured quickly and anesthetized with MS-222 before blood was collected. The concentration of total NH4-N and duration of exposure accounted for, respectively, ~35 and <4% of the observed increase in plasma cortisol. The effective concentration (the concentration of total NH4-N inducing a mean cortisol response two standard deviations above the mean of the controls) was 47.14 mg/L, corresponding with a mean cortisol level of 13.44 μg/dL. Test concentrations of NH3-N were calculated from total NH4-N, pH, salinity, and temperature (constant at 20 °C), and the effects of both forms of ammonia on plasma cortisol concentration were compared. Significance was not detected at p < 0.05, demonstrating that total NH4-N and NH3-N explained the observed changes in cortisol levels similarly. Mean cortisol concentrations of mummichogs anesthetized and sampled in the field were comparable with published values and did not differ significantly from the mean value of captive control fish sampled after the same length of time in MS-222 (p < 0.05).

The corticotropin-releasing hormone test in normal short children: comparison of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol responses to human corticotropin-releasing hormone and insulin-induced hypoglycemia

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Goji
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Short Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maximum Increment ◽  
Peak Value

Abstract. The human corticotropin-releasing hormone (hCRH) tests were performed in twelve normal short children, and the responses of plasma ACTH and cortisol to iv administration of 1 μg/kg hCRH were compared with those to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. After administration of hCRH, the mean plasma ACTH level rose from a basal value of 3.3 ± 0.4 pmol/l (mean ± sem) to a peak value of 9.2 ± 0.8 pmol/l at 30 min, and the mean plasma cortisol level rose from a basal value of 231 ± 25 nmol/l to a peak value of 546 ± 30 nmol/l at 30 min. The ACTH response after insulin-induced hypoglycemia was greater than that after hCRH administration; the mean peak level (P < 0.01), the percent maximum increment (P < 0.01), and the area under the ACTH response curve (P < 0.01) were all significantly greater after insulin-induced hypoglycemia than those after hCRH administration. Although the mean peak cortisol level after insulin-induced hypoglycemia was about 1.3-fold higher than that after hCRH administration (P < 0.01), neither the percent maximum increment in plasma cortisol nor the area under the cortisol response curve after insulin-induced hypoglycemia was significantly different from that after hCRH administration. Consequently, the acute increases in plasma ACTH after the administration of 1 μg/kg hCRH stimulated the adrenal gland to almost the same cortisol response as that obtained with a much greater increase in plasma ACTH after insulin-induced hypoglycemia. These results suggest that a plasma ACTH peak of 9–11 pmol/l produces near maximum acute stimulation of adrenal steroidgenesis.

FREE URINARY CORTISOL AS A REPRESENTATIVE STEROID OF THE URINARY PORTER-SILBER-CHROMOGENS

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Stolecke
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Urinary Steroids ◽  
Free Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Loading Tests ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cortisol Metabolites

ABSTRACT In this investigation an attempt was made to find a compound based on urinary steroids which characterise the mean cortisol metabolites. Free urinary cortisol turned out to be useful for this purpose. Thus a positive correlation can be demonstrated under basal conditions as well as after standardized loading tests with metyrapone and β1-24-tetracosactide2). With regard to the lens-effect described in a previous paper and the mechanisms leading to this effect it was considered whether the determination of free urinary cortisol could be used as a sensitive estimation of enhanced adrenal activity, providing this rise in activity led to an increase of the biologically active plasma cortisol fraction. Further studies of free urinary cortisol in pathological conditions other than Cushing's syndrome as well as calculations of ratios of urinary C-17-OHCS and plasma cortisol are necessary, however, in order to evaluate the diagnostic possibilities in use of free urinary cortisol as a parameter.

THE INSULIN TOLERANCE TEST AFTER PRE-TREATMENT WITH DEXAMETHASONE

1976 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Osterman ◽  
L. Wide
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Level ◽  
Insulin Tolerance Test ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Serum Gh ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

ABSTRACT The plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroid and serum GH responses to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia were studied in 25 healthy volunteers. The results of a control insulin tolerance test were compared with those of 2 similar tests which were performed after pre-treatment with dexamethasone 0.5 and 1.0 mg, respectively. The GH response to hypoglycaemia was significantly lower in women than in men in all 3 tests. In men, but not in women, the GH response was lower after pre-treatment with 1 mg dexamethasone than in the other 2 tests. The plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroid response was significantly greater after pre-treatment with 0.5 mg dexamethasone than in the control test, and was at least as good after 1 mg dexamethasone. After pre-treatment with dexamethasone the subjects experienced less discomfort and a shorter duration of sweating than in the control insulin tolerance test. Pre-treatment with 1 mg dexamethasone also has other advantages. Thus, the basal plasma cortisol level is low and stable, which facilitates estimation of the magnitude of the cortisol response. Furthermore, information is obtained about the dexamethasone suppression response.

Effect of cyproterone acetate on pituitary-adrenocortical function in man

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. A. van Wayjen ◽  
A. van den Ende
Keyword(s):  
Cyproterone Acetate ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Healthy Male Volunteers ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Urinary Cortisol Excretion

Abstract. Recent literature (1973–1976) suggests suppression of pituitary-adrenal function in patients (eg with pubertas praecox) who are treated with cyproterone acetate in high doses for prolonged periods. Therefore we investigated in our metabolic ward the effects of administration of 200 mg cyproterone acetate per day during 20 days to 4 healthy male volunteers. Baseline plasma cortisol and ACTH levels, repeated diurnal plasma cortisol and ACTH profiles and the results of tetracosactide (Synacthen) stimulation tests and single-dose metyrapone (Metopiron) tests proved to be comparable before, during and after treatment. Moreover, a slight gradual increase in urinary cortisol excretion during the observation period indicated that cyproterone acetate in the given dose during 20 days certainly does not reduce the pituitary-adrenal function of 4 healthy male volunteers. Long-term administration (during 1 to 7 years) of the combination of cyproterone acetate and ethinyloestradiol did not suppress serum levels of cortisol, prolactin, thyroxine and TSH in 18 female patients with hirsutism and/or acne.

EARLY VARIATIONS OF PLASMA CORTISOL AFTER PULSE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF DIBUTYRYL CYCLIC ADENOSINE 3′,5′-MONOPHOSPHATE IN NORMAL SUBJECTS

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Angeli ◽  
Giuseppe Boccuzzi ◽  
Roberto Frajria ◽  
Daniela Bisbocci ◽  
Franco Ceresa
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Adrenal Steroidogenesis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Zero Time

ABSTRACT 10 mg/kg of dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (Db-cAMP) was iv pulse injected into twelve healthy adult women. The plasma cortisol levels were determined as 11-OHCS at zero time and then at 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 180 min after the injection. The data were compared with those obtained at the corresponding times in two groups of eleven and seventeen healthy women after the injection of 250 ng and 250 μg of synthetic β-1-24 corticotrophin performed in the same manner as the injection of the nucleotide. The mean increments in plasma cortisol were significantly lower after Db-cAMP than after ACTH. Differences were noted by analyzing the time course of the responses. In the case of stimulation with Db-cAMP the 11-OHCS levels rose progressively to a maximum at 15–30 min. By contrast, a peak of plasma cortisol was evident in most cases within a few min after the injection of ACTH; after a fall, a later rise was then observed starting from 15 min. The differences in the plasma 11-OHCS responses after the two stimuli may also be of interest clinically for the investigation of some aspects of adrenal steroidogenesis.

URINARY EXCRETION OF FREE CORTISOL IN HYPERCALCAEMIA

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Schønau Jorgensen ◽  
H. Kehlet
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Free Cortisol ◽  
Free Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Urinary Cortisol Excretion ◽  
Cortisol Excretion

ABSTRACT Human and animal studies have uniformly demonstrated increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) activity during acute hypercalcaemia. The HPA-activity during chronic hypercalcaemia was investigated by means of free urinary cortisol excretion. No difference in HPA activity could be demonstrated between a hyperparathyroid hypercalcaemic and a normocalcaemic group of patients. Based on these results it is suggested that during chronic hypercalcaemia, the HPA feed back mechanism overcomes the influence of hypercalcaemia on the HPA-axis.

Pre-treatment waking cortisol response and vulnerability to interferon α induced depression

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 892-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Eccles ◽  
Camille Lallemant ◽  
Farrah Mushtaq ◽  
Matthew Greenwood ◽  
Majella Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Α ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Pre Treatment
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