Insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovaries: its relationship to body weight and androgen levels

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Pasquali ◽  
Francesco Casimirri ◽  
Stefano Venturoli ◽  
Roberto Paradisi ◽  
Loretta Mattioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Androgen Levels

Abstract. Using a combined infusion of somatostatin, insulin and glucose, insulin resistance was assessed in vivo in two groups of females with polycystic ovaries (PCO), obese (OB-PCO) and normal weight (NO-PCO) and in two groups of matched (for age, sex and body mass index) controls (OB and NO). A steady state plasma glucose (SSPG) and insulin (SSPI) was attained after 90 min. OB-PCO and NO-PCO showed higher SSPG with respect to matched controls. The SSPG levels were related to body mass index (r = 0.69; P < 0.001). The SSPG values were significantly correlated with the fasting insulin levels (r = 0.47; P < 0.003). Gonadotrophin and steroid peripheral blood concentrations were also evaluated in the PCO females. A significant correlation was found between the SSPG values and the dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels (r = 0.46; P < 0.05) and between the fasting insulin levels and the androstenedione concentrations (r = 0.64; P <0.01). 0.01). Moreover, significant correlation coefficients were found between the glucose to insulin ratio and the A (r = −0.59; P < 0.01) and the DHEA-S (r = −0.50; P <0.05) plasma levels. Finally, no relationship between body mass index and A or DHEA-s levels was found in PCO females considered as a group. We conclude that insulin resistance is present in females with PCO and it is mainly dut to the presence of obesity, but other factors such as androgen levels, probably of adrenal sources, must be considered as a cause.

scholarly journals Fasting Ghrelin Levels Are Decreased in Obese Subjects and Are Significantly Related With Insulin Resistance and Body Mass Index

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 699-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Papandreou ◽  
Christos Karavolias ◽  
Fotini Arvaniti ◽  
Eleana Kafeza ◽  
Fatima Sidawi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Amino Acid Peptide ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Overnight Fasting ◽  
Obese Subjects

BACKGROUND: Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide that predominantly produced by the stomach. Strong evidence indicates the effects of ghrelin in the regulation of metabolic functions and its potential role in the aetiology of obesity.AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of ghrelin levels with obesity, insulin resistance and glucose in normal and obese subjects.METHODS: Thirteen normal (n = 13) and seven (n = 7) obese weight subjects aged 20-22 participated in the study. Fasting plasma ghrelin, insulin and glucose levels were measured after overnight fasting. HOMA-IR was calculated to evaluate insulin resistance.RESULTS: Ghrelin and insulin levels were found to be statistically significantly lower and higher in obese subjects (P < 0.001), respectively. Glucose levels were clinically higher in obese subjects but not statistically significant. Fasting plasma ghrelin was negatively correlated with BMI (r = -0.77, P < 0.001), fasting insulin levels (r = -0.55, P < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.66, P < 0.001). There was no correlation between ghrelin and glucose. In multiple regression analysis, insulin levels (Beta: -2.66, 95% CI: -2.49, -2.78, P < 0.001) HOMA-IR (Beta: -2.41, 95% CI: -2.33, -2.55, P < 0.001) and BMI (Beta: -1.77, 95% CI: -1.66, -1.89, P < 0.001) were significant independent determinants of fasting ghrelin.CONCLUSION: Obese subjects have low fasting ghrelin levels that they are significantly related to insulin resistance and body mass index. More prospective studies are needed to establish the role of ghrelin in the pathogenesis of human obesity.

scholarly journals Effect ofGAS6andAXLGene Polymorphisms on Adiposity, Systemic Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance in Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fone-Ching Hsiao ◽  
Yuh-Feng Lin ◽  
Po-Shiuan Hsieh ◽  
Nain-Feng Chu ◽  
Yii-Der Ida Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multistage Sampling

The present study was designed to explore the effects ofGAS6andAXLgene polymorphisms on adiposity, systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance in adolescents. After multistage sampling from the data of the Taipei Children Heart Study-III, we collected 358 boys and 369 girls with an average age of 13.3 years. We genotyped the adolescents’GAS6rs8191973,GAS6rs8191974,AXLrs4802113, andAXLrs2304232 polymorphisms. Significantly higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and hsCRP levels were found in boys with the GG genotype ofGAS6rs8191974 than A allele carriers; higher IL-6 and insulin levels and increased HOMA-IR were found in boys with the GG genotype ofAXLrs2304232 than the A allele carriers. There was a significant difference in hsCRP levels of boys with the TT, TC, and CC genotypes ofAXLrs4802113. Boys with both the GG genotype ofGAS6rs8191973 and the GG genotype ofGAS6rs8191974 exhibited higher BMI, WC, IL-6, and hsCRP levels than the boys carrying both the C allele of theGAS6rs8191973 and the A allele of theGAS6rs8191974. In conclusion,GAS6andAXLpolymorphisms are associated with adiposity, systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance in adolescents, especially in boys.

scholarly journals The Relation of Body Mass Index to Muscular Viscoelastic Properties in Normal and Overweight Individuals

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
Serkan Usgu ◽  
Engin Ramazanoğlu ◽  
Yavuz Yakut
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body

Background: The body mass index (BMI) is closely related to fat tissue, which may have direct or indirect effects on muscle function. Previous studies have evaluated BMI and muscle viscoelastic properties in vivo in older people or individual sexes; however, the relationship between BMI and muscular viscoelastic properties is still unknown. Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of BMI with muscular viscoelastic properties, and to compare these properties in a young sedentary population with normal and overweight individuals. Methods: A total of 172 healthy sedentary individuals (mean age, 26.00 ± 5.45 years) were categorized by sex (male and female) and BMI classification (normal (BMI, 18.50–24.99 kg/m2), overweight (BMI = 25.00–29.99 kg/m2)). Body weight was evaluated using an electronic scale, while height was measured using a standard stadiometer. BMI was calculated by dividing the weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters. The viscoelastic properties (tone, stiffness, and elasticity) of the biceps brachii (BB) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles were measured bilaterally using the MyotonPRO device at rest. Results: The bilateral BF tone and stiffness, right BB stiffness, and elasticity showed weak correlations with BMI in all participants. Furthermore, the bilateral BF tone and stiffness, right BB stiffness and elasticity, and left BB stiffness were weakly positively correlated with male sex. Only the right BB elasticity was weakly positively correlated with BMI in females (p < 0.05). No correlation with BMI was determined for other viscoelastic properties (p > 0.05). The overweight group showed increased bilateral BF stiffness and tone, right BB stiffness, and reduced bilateral BB elasticity compared to the normal-weight group (p < 0.05), while other viscoelastic properties were similar (p > 0.05). Greater bilateral BB tone, BF tone and stiffness, and lower BF elasticity were observed in males than in females (p < 0.05), but other viscoelastic properties were not significantly different (p < 0.05). No effect of BMI–sex interactions was found on viscoelastic properties (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The BB and BF viscoelastic properties were weakly correlated with BMI. Males showed greater muscle tone and stiffness, and lower elasticity. The overweight individuals showed increased stiffness and tone, particularly in lower extremities, and reduced elasticity in upper extremities. The effect of BMI–sex interactions on the viscoelastic properties was not clear. Higher BMI (increased mechanical load) might cause the human body to develop different muscular viscoelastic adaptations in the extremities.

scholarly journals Obesity, insulin resistance and their interaction on liver enzymes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249299
Author(s):  
Chenbing Liu ◽  
Min Shao ◽  
Ling Lu ◽  
Chenzhao Zhao ◽  
Lihong Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Introduction To investigate weight status, insulin resistance assessed by HOMA-IR, and their interaction on liver function in non-diabetic Chinese adults. Methods and results A total of 7066 subjects were included, and divided into normal weight (n = 3447), overweight (n = 2801), and obese (n = 818) groups. Data including weight, height, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, y-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were acquired. In multi-linear regression analysis for liver enzymes as dependent variables, insulin resistance emerged as a determinant of ALT (β = 0.165, P<0.001), AST (β = 0.040, P<0.001) and GGT (β = 0.170, P<0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, triglyceride, and cholesterol. Interactions between insulin resistance and weight status by body mass index were observed in ALT (P<0.001), AST (P<0.001) and GGT (P = 0.0418). Conclusion Insulin resistance had significant associations with greater risk of elevated ALT, AST and GGT level in non-diabetic Chinese adults, especially among those who were overweight/ obese.

Relationship between polycystic ovaries, body mass index and insulin resistance

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Cresswell ◽  
Robert B. Fraser ◽  
Christine Bruce ◽  
Peter Egger ◽  
David Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries

EFFECT OF BODY MASS INDEX ON PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Subramanyam ◽  
Dr. P. Subhash Babu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Group B

Obesity has become one of the major health issues in India. WHO defines obesity as “A condition with excessive fat accumulation in the body to the extent that the health and wellbeing are adversely affected”. Obesity results from a complex interaction of genetic, behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic factors causing an imbalance in energy production and expenditure. Peak expiratory flow rate is the maximum rate of airflow that can be generated during forced expiratory manoeuvre starting from total lung capacity. The simplicity of the method is its main advantage. It is measured by using a standard Wright Peak Flow Meter or mini Wright Meter. The aim of the study is to see the effect of body mass index on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate values in young adults. The place of a study was done tertiary health care centre, in India for the period of 6 months. Study was performed on 80 subjects age group 20 -30 years, categorised as normal weight BMI =18.5 -24.99 kg/m2 and overweight BMI =25-29.99 kg/m2. There were 40 normal weight BMI (Group A) and 40 over weight BMI (Group B). BMI affects PEFR. Increase in BMI decreases PEFR. Early identification of risk individuals prior to the onset of disease is imperative in our developing country. Keywords: BMI, PEFR.

Structural and Functional State of the Heart in Hypertension, Depending on Body Mass Index and the Presence of Insulin Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
M. M. Kochuieva ◽  
◽  
V. G. Psarova ◽  
N. M. Kyrychenko ◽  
L. A. Ruban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional State

Body Mass Index Impact on Disease Activity, Clinical and Sonographic Remission Rates in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-223
Author(s):  
Tanya Sapundzhieva ◽  
Rositsa Karalilova ◽  
Anastas Batalov
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
Clinical Disease Activity ◽  
Das 28 ◽  
Remission Rates ◽  
Activity Indices

Aim: To investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on clinical disease activity indices and clinical and sonographic remission rates in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients and Methods: Sixty-three patients with RA were categorized according to BMI score into three groups: normal (BMI<25), overweight (BMI 25-30) and obese (BMI≥30). Thirty-three of them were treated with conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs), and 30 with biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs). Patients underwent clinical and laboratory assessment and musculoskeletal ultrasound examination (MSUS) at baseline and at 6 months after initiation of therapy. We evaluated the rate of clinical and sonographic remission (defined as Power Doppler score (PD) = 0) and its correlation with BMI score. Results: In the csDMARDs group, 60% of the normal weight patients reached DAS28 remission; 33.3% of the overweight; and 0% of the obese patients. In the bDMARDs group, the percentage of remission was as follows: 60% in the normal weight subgroup, 33.3% in the overweight; and 15.8% in the obese. Within the csDMARDs treatment group, two significant correlations were found: BMI score–DAS 28 at 6th month, rs = .372, p = .033; BMI score–DAS 28 categories, rs = .447, p = .014. Within the bDMARDs group, three significant correlations were identified: BMI score–PDUS at sixth month, rs = .506, p =.004; BMI score–DAS 28, rs = .511, p = .004; BMI score–DAS 28 categories, rs = .592, p = .001. Sonographic remission rates at 6 months were significantly higher in the normal BMI category in both treatment groups. Conclusion: BMI influences the treatment response, clinical disease activity indices and the rates of clinical and sonographic remission in patients with RA. Obesity and overweight are associated with lower remission rates regardless of the type of treatment.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Age-Based Formula to Predict the Size and Depth of Cuffed Oral Preformed Endotracheal Tubes in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132098051
Author(s):  
Matula Tareerath ◽  
Peerachatra Mangmeesri
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Endotracheal Tubes ◽  
Endotracheal Tube Size ◽  
Actual Size

Objectives: To retrospectively investigate the reliability of the age-based formula, year/4 + 3.5 mm in predicting size and year/2 + 12 cm in predicting insertion depth of preformed endotracheal tubes in children and correlate these data with the body mass index. Patients and Methods: Patients were classified into 4 groups according to their nutritional status: thinness, normal weight, overweight, and obesity; we then retrospectively compared the actual size of endotracheal tube and insertion depth to the predicting age-based formula and to the respective bend-to-tip distance of the used preformed tubes. Results: Altogether, 300 patients were included. The actual endotracheal tube size corresponded with the Motoyama formula (64.7%, 90% CI: 60.0-69.1), except for thin patients, where the calculated size was too large (0.5 mm). The insertion depth could be predicted within the range of the bend-to-tip distance and age-based formula in 85.0% (90% CI: 81.3-88.0) of patients. Conclusion: Prediction of the size of cuffed preformed endotracheal tubes using the formula of Motoyama was accurate in most patients, except in thin patients (body mass index < −2 SD). The insertion depth of the tubes was mostly in the range of the age-based-formula to the bend-to-tip distance.

scholarly journals Association of body mass index and maternal age with first stage duration of labour

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Lundborg ◽  
Xingrong Liu ◽  
Katarina Åberg ◽  
Anna Sandström ◽  
Ellen L. Tilden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Quantile Regression Analysis ◽  
Labour Time ◽  
Group 1

AbstractTo evaluate associations between early-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and active first stage labour duration, accounting for possible interaction with maternal age, we conducted a cohort study of women with spontaneous onset of labour allocated to Robson group 1. Quantile regression analysis was performed to estimate first stage labour duration between BMI categories in two maternal age subgroups (more and less than 30 years). Results show that obesity (BMI > 30) among younger women (< 30 years) increased the median labour duration of first stage by 30 min compared with normal weight women (BMI < 25), and time difference estimated at the 90th quantile was more than 1 h. Active first stage labour time differences between obese and normal weight women was modified by maternal age. In conclusion: (a) obesity is associated with longer duration of first stage of labour, and (b) maternal age is an effect modifier for this association. This novel finding of an effect modification between BMI and maternal age contributes to the body of evidence that supports a more individualized approach when describing labour duration.

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