Ultrastructural characterization of human corticotrophs (ACTH cells)

1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Tsumuraya ◽  
Toru Kameya
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Ultrastructural Observation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Acth Cell ◽  
Ultrastructural Characterization ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Granule Properties

Abstract. Ultrastructural characterization of human corticotrophs (ACTH cells) was performed by 'superimposition technique', which enabled detailed ultrastructural observation of immunoreactive ACTH cells in adjacent semi-thin light microscopic immunoperoxidase and routine electron microscopic sections. The human corticotrophs were large and round or polygonal and were not stellate. They had scanty rough endoplasmic membranes and were packed with numerous large secretory granules measuring from 250 to 500 nm in diameter. The sizes of secretory granules in 6 human pituitaries were 448 ± 128, 344 ± 86, 448 ± 117, 244 ± 65, 316 ± 76, and 340 ± 93 nm, respectively. The granules were not seen in a single row along the plasma membrane as is the case in the rat. They possessed somewhat irregular outlines with a rarely discernible halo. Different densities of granule matrices were occasionally found. The cells often contained a few large heterogeneous vacuoles. From these findings, the human ACTH cells were recognized to be remarkably different in cell shape and size, properties of secretory granules and cytoplamic inclusions from those of the rat pituitary gland. In respect to secretory granule properties, the human ACTH cells are similar to those of some other mammals (fox, young pig, and lerot). More data is required to elucidate the relationship between human ACTH cell morphology and functional state.

scholarly journals ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN-PRODUCING CELL WITH THE USE OF UNLABELED ANTIBODY AND THE SOLUBLE PEROXIDASE-ANTIPEROXIDASE COMPLEX

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 590-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. MORIARTY ◽  
N. S. HALMI
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Early Effect ◽  
Acth Cell ◽  
Maximal Diameter ◽  
Soluble Peroxidase ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Acth Secreting ◽  
Unlabeled Antibody

The technique involving use of unlabeled antibody and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex was used to identify the adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-secreting cell in the anterior pituitary lobe of the rat and to localize ACTH in it electron microscopically in ultrathin sections. The ACTH cell is star-shaped, with processes extending around other cells, and contains secretory granules of a maximal diameter of 300 mµ arranged peripherally along the plasma membrane. Stain was observed on secretory granules, around them, in the Golgi complex and in rough endoplasmic reticulum. One day after adrenalectomy, the ACTH cell is degranulated and the staining intensity of its remaining granules and cytoplasm is decreased, suggesting release of ACTH stores. If cortisol is given 6 hr after adrenalectomy, 18 hr later the ACTH cells are well granulated and the granules stain more intensely than normal. In addition, staining around the granules and throughout the cytoplasm is more intense, suggesting that an early effect of cortisol is to block release of ACTH. Twenty-one days after adrenalectomy, the ACTH cells are greatly increased in numbers and have complex, tortuous processes filled with intensely stained secretory granules.

scholarly journals Subcellular distribution of secretogranins I and II in GH3 rat tumoral prolactin (PRL) cells as revealed by electron microscopic immunocytochemistry.

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1329-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Tougard ◽  
L E Nasciutti ◽  
R Picart ◽  
A Tixier-Vidal ◽  
W B Huttner
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Pituitary Cell ◽  
Gh3 Cells ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Electron Microscopic Immunocytochemistry ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Rat Pituitary

The GH3 rat pituitary cell line which secretes prolactin (PRL) is characterized by the paucity and small size of secretory granules. We looked for the presence, in these cells and in normal PRL cells, of two acidic tyrosine-sulfated proteins which are widely distributed in dense-core secretory granules of endocrine and neuronal cells, secretogranins I and II, using immunofluorescence and electron microscope immunoperoxidase techniques. Both secretogranins were detected in secretory granules of GH3 cells and of normal cells. Moreover, with our pre-embedding approach, secretogranins were localized within some RER cisternae and within all sacules of the Golgi stacks in both PRL cell models. A few small vesicles, large dilated vacuolar or multivesicular structures, and some lysosome-like structures were also immunoreactive. Double localization of secretogranins and PRL performed on GH3 cells by immunofluorescence indicated that all cells contained secretogranins I and II, whereas only 50-70% of the cells contained PRL. Moreover, in the case of hormone treatment known to increase the number of secretory granules, most if not all mature secretory granules were immunoreactive for secretogranins, whereas in certain cells some of the granules were apparently not immunoreactive for PRL. These immunocytochemical observations show that GH3 cells, which under normal conditions form only a small number of secretory granules, produce secretogranins and package them into these granules.

scholarly journals Cytochemical characterization of sulfo- and sialoglycoconjugates of human laryngeal glandular cells.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
M T Castells ◽  
J F Madrid ◽  
M Avilés ◽  
J A Martínez-Menárguez ◽  
J Ballesta
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Glandular Cells ◽  
Electron Lucent

The composition and distribution of sulfo- and sialoglycoconjugates in human laryngeal glands have been investigated at light and electron microscopic levels by use of peroxidase-, digoxigenin-, and colloidal gold-conjugated lectins in combination with several chemical and enzymatic deglycosylation procedures. The present study reveals a variety of terminal oligosaccharide sequences in serous and mucous glands. Serous cells contained glycoconjugates with terminal Neu5Ac (alpha 2-3) Gal (beta 1-4) GlcNAc, Neu5Ac (alpha 2-6) Gal/GalNAc, Neu5Ac (alpha 2-3/6) Gal (beta 1-3 GalNAc, GlcNAc, and Gal (beta 1-4) GlcNAc sequences. Scarce SO4Gal(beta 1-3)GalNAc terminal oligosaccharide chans were detected. Serous cells show wide morphological variability of secretory granules (electron lucent, electron dense, and bizonal) with different lectin affinities. Glycoconjugates in human laryngeal mucous glands contained a variety of terminal oligosaccharide sequences including SO4Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc, SO4Gal(beta 1-3) GalNAc, SO4GalNAc, and Neu5Ac(alpha 2-3)GalNAc.

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical evidence for vasopressin receptors.

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 581-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Castel
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Pars Intermedia ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Neural Lobe ◽  
Acth Cell ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Vasopressin Receptors

An electron microscopic study was made of mouse pituitaries immunocytochemically stained with anti-lysine vasopressin (LVP) as the primary antiserum in the unlabeled antibody peroxidase-anti-peroxidase procedure. Vasopressin (VP) was identified in the neurosecretory granules of the neural lobe which stained with peroxidase anti-peroxidase molecules. Electron density was induced in secretory granules of the pars intermedia (PI), both in the melanocyte stimulated hormone and ACTH cell types, probably indicating VP molecules attached to binding (receptor) sites. Omission of anti-LVP abolished staining both in the neural lobe and the PL Anti-LVP absorbed with antigen, by admixing with LVP, abolished staining in the neural lobe but not in the PI; according to optical density measurements the PI showed a +/- 22% staining increase over controls. Staining intensity in the PI probably reflects occupancy of binding (receptor) sites for VP. Exposure of PI granules to LVP before the usual staining sequence resulted in +/- 48% increased staining. In water-deprived mice with high endogenous VP titers, staining was +/- 33% and +/- 40% more intense than in normal mice. Solid phase absorbed and eluted antibodies to LVP provided additional proof that staining in both neural lobe and PI could be attributed to anti-LVP. Results indicate that binding or receptor sites for VP are located on secretory granules in the PL Possible physiological significance is discussed.

AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC ACIDOPHIL CELLS OF THE RAT PITUITARY

1971 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Schelin ◽  
P. M. Lundin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Prolactin Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Gh Cells ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Close Relationship

ABSTRACT The morphology of normal and neoplastic acidophil cells of the rat pituitary has been studied by electron microscopy with special reference to the size and shape of the secretory granules. In the female rats, pregnant or non-pregnant, growth hormone (GH) cells and prolactin cells are easily separated, but in the male rats this separation is very uncertain. Acidophil tumours with granules similar to the GH type or to the prolactin type can be induced with stilboestrol treatment. These results indicate a close relationship between the two types of acidophil cells. They may be derived from a common progenitor which can be differentiated into either GH or prolactin cell or they may represent one cell type capable of producing both hormones.

Ultrastructural characterization of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children in Irbid, Jordan

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 240-241
Author(s):  
H. Al-Rimawi ◽  
F. Al-Bagdadi ◽  
N. Hailat
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukaemia ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Formal Scheme ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Ultrastructural Characterization ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Microscopic Diagnosis

A formal scheme for the characterization of acute leukaemia on light microscopic morphological adaptation (FAB) has been proposed by a group of French, American and British haematologists. Acute leukaemia has been reported with unclassifiable morphology and undifferentiated cytochemistry by FAB. The application of the light microscope for cellular diagnosis is not very reliable, due to the fact that the key predominant cell being sought for the diagnosis is poorly differentiated. However, we do agree that cellular differentiation by light microscopy, which is solely based on morphological criteria as a diagnosis evidence is often lacks accuracy. This statement is clear indication of the light microscopic limitation, to identify the morphological changes in comparison with the electron microscope. We suggest electron microscopic conformation might be necessary for light microscopic diagnosis. Five patients 5-12 years old were clinically suspected as leukaemia, were presented to Princess Basmah Teaching Hospital paediatric section for diagnosis. FAB classification which is based on morphological and biochemical criteria was used for diagnosis through bone marrow aspiration.

scholarly journals Electron Microscopic Evidence Suggesting Secretory Granule Formation within the Golgi Apparatus

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn G. Farquhar ◽  
S. Robert Wellings
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Secretory Granule ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Acinar Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Granule Formation ◽  
Golgi Bodies ◽  
Rat Pituitary

Secretory granules have been seen within components of the Golgi bodies of rat pituitary acidophils and mouse pancreatic acinar cells. The fact that secretory granules are much more frequently encountered within Golgi components under conditions of increased secretory activity suggests that granule formation may occur within the Golgi apparatus in these two types of cells.

Ultrastructural and Histochemical Characterization of Secretory Granules in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
R. G. Aktas ◽  
E. Demiralay ◽  
S. Altaner ◽  
L. Candan ◽  
A. K. Kutlu
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Epitheloid Cells ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Excellent Research ◽  
Tumoral Cells ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Histochemical methods offer an excellent research tool for the characterization of glycoproteins in the secretory cells, thus contributing to the elucidation of the pathophysiology of different diseases. The different staining characteristics of mucins can be useful in diagnostic histopathology. It has been proposed that the reduction in sulphated glycoproteins and an increase in sialomucins in intestinal mucosa was an indicator of premalignant changes in carcinoma of the bowel. It has subsequently argued that this change may be consequence rather than a precursor of neoplasia. It may still be of some value as a marker of a premalignant change although it is somewhat variable. Previous studies have demonstrated the characterization of glycoproteins in different type of epitheloid cells in normal and pathologic conditions by using histochemical and electron microscopic techniques. However; little information has been available concerning the exact features of secretory granules in both normal and tumoral cells in lung.

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