Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in amniotic fluid and foeto-placental membranes from the guinea pig

1982 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307
Author(s):  
N. Rigaudière
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Foetus ◽  
Placental Membranes ◽  
Rapid Drop

Abstract. Testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the amniotic fluid (AF) and foeto-placental membranes (FPM) (yolk-sac + amnion) from 180 male and female guinea-pig foetuses were determined by radioimmunoassay on days 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64 of gestation. In male foetus the evolution of androgens in the fluid is characterized by two sharp rises, the former at the time of sexual differentiation on day 32 (T = 219.1 ± 39.1 and DHT = 74.7 ± 10.0 fmol/ml) the latter, which affects only DHT, on day 52 (DHT = 68.5 ± 10.3 fmol/ml). In female foetus, AF T concentrations (mean = 36.3 fmol/ml) are comparable to the lowest T concentrations observed in male, while DHT concentrations (< 2.5 fmol/ml), are significantly lower than those observed in the male (mean = 28.9 fmol/ml) and without any overlap in the values. Thus, in guinea pig, DHT, but not testosterone allows to predict accurately the foetal sex at any stage studied. Testosterone and DHT are also present in FPM and their concentrations were comparable for male and female foetuses in most stages, values varying between 400 and 1600 fmol/g of tissue with a light predominance of DHT compared with T; in both sexes, general evolution of androgens is marked by a rapid drop between days 28 and 44 followed by a significant increase between days 44 and 64. Possible origins of androgens in AF and FPM are discussed.

THE ANDROGENS IN THE GUINEA-PIG FOETUS THROUGHOUT THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT

1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rigaudière
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Foetal Life ◽  
Female Foetus ◽  
High Concentrations

ABSTRACT Testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) content and concentration were measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma, gonads, adrenals, and sexual ducts of 235 male and 214 female guinea-pig foetuses at various stages of gestation after gonadal and adrenal differentiation occurred. In the male foetus, a sharp increase in the content and concentration of T and, to a lesser degree of DHT, is observed in the testis, the plasma and the ducts at the time of sexual differentiation between days 28 and 36. Thereafter androgen concentrations in these tissues decrease and rise again after day 52. In the female foetus, levels of T and DHT in the ovary are low throughout foetal life and do not account for the relatively high concentrations found in the plasma; in sexual ducts, T concentrations decrease at the time of differentiation. DHT levels are low at every stage. In both sexes, T and DHT are present in the adrenal. No sexual dimorphism is observed in the evolution of T and DHT adrenal content and concentration.

Characterization of protein production by caprine placental membranes: identification and immunolocalization of retinol-binding protein

1995 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
K H Liu ◽  
J C Huang ◽  
J D Godkin
Keyword(s):  
Protein Production ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Minimum Essential Medium ◽  
Placental Membranes ◽  
Extraembryonic Membranes

Abstract Caprine chorion, allantois and amnion from days 23, 28, 35, 39 and 45, and yolk sac from day 23 of pregnancy were isolated by dissection and cultured for 24 h in modified minimum essential medium in the presence of [35S] methionine. De novo-synthesized proteins released into the culture medium were analyzed by two-dimensional PAGE and fluorography. Patterns of protein production by these isolated extraembryonic membranes remained relatively unchanged from days 23 to 45 of pregnancy. Electrophoretic profiles of proteins synthesized by allantois and amnion were identical but distinct from that produced by chorion. Yolk sac was the major source of serum-like proteins. An acidic (pI 5·3–6·3) 22 kDa protein, which consisted of four isoelectric variants, was produced by all extraembryonic membranes and demonstrated to immunoreact with antiserum produced against bovine placental retinol-binding protein (RBP). Limited N-terminal sequence analysis of one major isoform indicated that the protein had complete homology with bovine RBP over the first 15 amino acids. Immunoreactive RBP was localized in epithelial cells lining the chorion, allantois and amnion. In this study, we have characterized and compared protein production by isolated extraembryonic membranes through days 23 to 45 of pregnancy and identified the 22 kDa protein as caprine RBP of placental origin. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 146, 527–534

scholarly journals Immunoreactive Inhibin in Plasma, Amniotic Fluid, and Gonadal Tissue of Male and Female Chick Embryos1

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rombauts ◽  
D. Vanmontfort ◽  
G. Verhoeven ◽  
E. Decuypere
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gonadal Tissue

Uptake and transfer of amino acids in the artificially perfused guinea-pig yolk sac placenta

Placenta ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
C. Schoch ◽  
H. Schröder ◽  
H.-P. Leichtweil
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Yolk Sac Placenta

scholarly journals Sexual Differentiation in the Male and Female Mouse from Days 0 to 21: A Detailed and Novel Morphometric Description

2013 ◽  
Vol 190 (4S) ◽  
pp. 1610-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J. Schlomer ◽  
Max Feretti ◽  
Esequiel Rodriguez ◽  
Sarah Blaschko ◽  
Gerald Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Female Mouse ◽  
Male And Female

Placental Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Retention

The Placenta ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Marie H. Beall ◽  
Michael G. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Placental Membranes

Questions for Bauer et al.

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-518
Author(s):  
Stuart Shelton Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Hyaline Membrane

The recent article by Bauer et al., which associates prolonged rupture of membranes with a decreased incidence of respiratory distress syndrome, is intriguing.1 Stevenson and Laufe theorized, on the basis of guinea pig experiments,2-4 that "... the human disease occurred when aspirated amniotic fluid reacted with pulmonary exudate in the lungs and the resulting film of fibrin coated the alveoli and alveolar ducts in the form of a hyaline membrane." The infants cited in Bauer's article obviously had less opportunity to aspirate amniotic fluid and their elevated corticosteroid levels might have mitigated the severity of their pulmonary exudates.

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