THE DEGREE OF BONE MINERALIZATION IN HYPERTHYROIDISM ESTIMATED FROM THE PHOSPHORUS TO HYDROXYPROLINE RATIO IN BONE

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Tougaard
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Degree Of Mineralization ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
Bone Biopsies ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT The proportion between mineral and collagen in bone tissue, "the degree of mineralization", can be evaluated from the phosphorus to hydroxyproline ratio (P/Hypro ratio), determined in bone biopsies. The ratio was measured in 27 unselected hyperthyroid patients. No significant correlation was found between the P/Hypro ratio and the age of the patient, the duration of the disease or the value of serum thyroxine. The mean value of the P/Hypro ratio for the group studied was not significantly different from the normal mean. The results of the study indicate a normal degree of mineralization in the bone of patients with hyperthyroidism.

scholarly journals THE KINETICS OF IRON METABOLISM IN SWINE WITH VARIOUS EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED ANEMIAS

1956 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bush ◽  
W. N. Jensen ◽  
Helen Ashenbrucker ◽  
G. E. Cartwright ◽  
M. M. Wintrobe
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Erythrocyte Survival ◽  
Pteroylglutamic Acid ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean

Ferrokinetic studies were performed on 3 swine given phenylhydrazine, 3 swine deficient in pyridoxine, and 3 swine deficient in pteroylglutamic acid. Body surface radioactivity was measured in 2 pteroylglutamic acid-deficient animals. In the animals given phenylhydrazine, the mean erythrocyte survival time was 5 days. The plasma iron turnover rate was increased about fourfold, and the rate of erythropoiesis was four to five times greater than that in the control pigs. In the pyridoxine-deficient swine, the mean erythrocyte survival time was within the limits of normal. The plasma iron turnover rate was increased fourfold, but the rate of erythropoiesis was approximately one-fourth the normal mean value. These data are interpreted as indicating that the anemia associated with this deficiency is a result of an inability of the bone marrow to produce a normal number of erythrocytes. In the pteroylglutamic acid-deficient swine, the mean erythrocyte survival time was 17 days. The plasma iron turnover rate was 5 times the normal mean value. The rate of erythropoiesis was 1.6 times greater than the mean value in the control pigs. These data are interpreted as indicating that anemia develops in this deficiency as a result of a combination of a shortening of the erythrocyte survival time and a limitation of the capacity of the bone marrow to increase red cell production to the same degree as a normal marrow. The radioactivity in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow of the pteroylglutamic acid-deficient swine, as determined by measurement of the radioactivity over the body surface, declined more slowly than in control pigs.

scholarly journals Modifications of bone material properties in postmenopausal osteoporotic women long-term treated with alendronate

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohann Bala ◽  
Delphine Farlay ◽  
Roland D Chapurlat ◽  
Georges Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Degree Of Mineralization ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Bone Biopsies

ObjectiveGiven recent concern about long-term safety of bisphosphonate (BP) therapy, the effects of long-term alendronate (ALN) therapy on intrinsic bone properties were studied among postmenopausal osteoporotic (PMOP) women.Design and methodsTransiliac bone biopsies were obtained from 32 outpatient clinic PMOP women treated with oral ALN for 6.4±2.0 years. Variables reflecting bone mineralization were measured both at tissue level using quantitative microradiography and at crystal level by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy. Bone microhardness was investigated by Vickers indentation tests. Results were compared with those from 22 age-matched untreated PMOP women.ResultsLong-term treatment with ALN was associated with a 84% (P<0.001) lower remodeling activity compared with untreated PMOP women, leading to an increased degree of mineralization in both cortical and trabecular bone (+9 and +6%, respectively, P<0.05). Despite a more mature and more mineralized bone matrix, after treatment, cortical and trabecular microhardness and crystallinity were lower than that measured in untreated patients. None of the variables reflecting material properties were significantly correlated to the duration of the treatment.ConclusionIncreased degree of mineralization associated with lower crystallinity and microhardness in ALN long-term-treated PMOP women suggests that ALN could alter the quality of bone matrix. The study also suggested that after 3 years of treatment, the changes in material properties are not dependent on the duration of the treatment. Further studies are requested to assess the short-term (<3 years) effects of BPs on bone intrinsic properties.

scholarly journals Research on Calculation Method of Mean in Sports Statistical Data with EXCEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Aining Li ◽  
◽  
Shiwei Zhang ◽  
Zhanbin Feng ◽  
Qiyuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Central Tendency ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Statistical Indicator ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean

The mean is the most commonly used statistical indicator to reflect the central tendency of data distribution, in this study, the mean was reclassified according to whether the effect of extreme value was considered or not. According to the definition and specific classification of mean value, We explain in detail how to calculate the normal mean by ways of "built-in function", "pivot table chart" and "descriptive statistics", symmetry trim mean by TRIMMEAN function and asymmetrical trim mean by ways of nested function and VBA self-built function with the date of the 10 referees' scores in the kindergarten gymnastics competition of normal education department of our college. If we fully exploit the powerful statistical function of Excel, we can better meet our sports practice of statistical processing needs.

Serum Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Levels in Hyperthyroidism

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matina Kesse-Elias ◽  
D. Koutras ◽  
P. Pandos ◽  
S. Papazoglou ◽  
S. Moulopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Clinical Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Serum Folic Acid ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Normal Controls

SummarySerum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels were measured in 48 hyperthyroid patients and in a group of euthyroid controls. The levels of vitamin B12 ranged from 120-900 pg/ml with a mean of 429.3 ± 30.9 pg/ml (SE). The mean serum vitamin B ? level was lower in hyperthyroid patients than in normal controls, the difference being statistically significant (t = 2.584, p < 0.025). Serum vitamin B12 levels showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the clinical index of Grooks et al. (r = 0.344, p < 0.05). The findings, although not excluding the involvement of auto-immune gastritis in patients with low serum vitamin B12 levels, suggest a direct action of increased thyroid hormone concentrations. Serum folic acid levels ranged from 0.5- 13.8 ng/ml with a mean of 6.8 ± 0.46 ng/ml (SE). The mean serum folic acid levels were higher in the hyperthyroid patients than in normal controls but the difference was not statistically significant (t = 1.2, p > 0.2). The serum folic acid levels did not show any statistically significant correlation with the clinical index of Grooks et al. The fact that no statistically significant difference was found between the mean value in hyperthyroid patients and the mean value in normal controls is probably due to the high folic acid intake in Greece.

scholarly journals The action of vitamin D on the degree of mineralization of bone tissue in rats given adequate amounts of calcium and phosphorus in the diet

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Serum Analysis ◽  
Epiphyseal Plate ◽  
Degree Of Mineralization ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

1. The action of vitamin D on the degree of mineralization of the bone tissue of rats given a diet containing adequate amounts of calcium and phosphorus for 8 weeks has been investigated by quantitative microradiography. The method is described.2. There was a significant reduction in the growth of the vitamin D-deficient rats; the reduction was most marked in the females.3. Serum analysis showed a reduction in Ca, but P was unchanged. However, the Ca × P product was considered to be high enough to permit normal mineralization.4. The degree of mineralization of the cortical bone tissue increased significantly according to the distance from the epiphyseal plate. However, there were no significant differences between vitamin D-treated and vitamin D-deficient animals.5. It is concluded that vitamin D deficiency in rats does not prevent the formation of a bone matrix which can attain a normal degree of mineralization.

Noninvasive measurements of digital arterial pressure and compliance in man

1977 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. H168-H179
Author(s):  
R. Nakayama ◽  
T. Azuma
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Moment

A noninvasive method was developed for measuring the digital arterial pressure and the compliance by using a fingertip pneumoplethysmograph and a pneumatic cuff. The compliance (C) of the digital artery was obtained from the peak amplitude of the volume pulse wave (deltaVp-a) under the effect of the cuff pressure (Po-a) by the equation: C = deltavp-a/(Ps - P-o-a) during the dicrotic phase defined in this study. The normal mean value was 11.37 +/- 0.59 X 10(-5) cm3/mmHg. On lowering of the cuff pressure, the moment when the deltaVp value becomes positive is regarded as the systolic pressure (Ps). At the end of the dicrotic phase, the mean amplitude (deltaVss') of the pulse wave during one pulse cycle (SS') and the ratios (deltaVss'/deltaVsd), where deltaVsd is the mean amplitude of the wave during the systolic period (SD), of successive waves after a particular wave fail to increase at the same rate when the cuff pressure decreased below the diastolic pressure. The cuff pressure corresponding to this particular wave is regarded as the diastolic pressure (Pd). The mean value of the mean digital pressure of normotensive subjects was 80.6 +/- 1.2 mmHg.

Alendronate increases bone strength by increasing the mean degree of mineralization of bone tissue in osteoporotic women

Bone ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.Y Boivin ◽  
P.M Chavassieux ◽  
A.C Santora ◽  
J Yates ◽  
P.J Meunier
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Degree Of Mineralization ◽  
The Mean

BONE MINERALIZATION AND BONE MINERAL CONTENT IN PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM

1977 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Tougaard ◽  
Christian Hau ◽  
Paul Rødbro ◽  
Jørn Ditzel
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Photon Absorptiometry ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Bone Biopsies ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT The degree of bone mineralization and the bone mineral content (BMC) was evaluated in 6 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. The degree of bone mineralization was estimated as the phosphorus/hydroxyproline ratio (P/Hypro) in bone biopsies; BMC was estimated by photon absorptiometry on both forearms. The mean values of both parameters were significantly lower than normal (P < 0.001 for P/Hypro; P < 0.02 for BMC). As no significant correlation was found between P/Hypro and BMC in hyperparathyroidism, the findings of low values of P/Hypro and of BMC in patients with elevated serum calcium point to primary hyperparathyroidism.

Long-period modulated superstructures in Pd-12.5 at.%Ce and Pd-15 at.%Ce alloys

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
Noriyuki Kuwano ◽  
Masaru Itakura ◽  
Kensuke Oki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Ultra High Purity ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Atomic Scattering ◽  
The Mean

Pd-Ce alloys exhibit various anomalies in physical properties due to mixed valences of Ce, and the anomalies are thought to be strongly related with the crystal structures. Since Pd and Ce are both heavy elements, relative magnitudes of (fcc-fpd) are so small compared with <f> that superlattice reflections, even if any, sometimes cannot be detected in conventional x-ray powder patterns, where fee and fpd are atomic scattering factors of Ce and Pd, and <f> the mean value in the crystal. However, superlattices in Pd-Ce alloys can be analyzed by electron microscopy, thanks to the high detectability of electron diffraction. In this work, we investigated modulated superstructures in alloys with 12.5 and 15.0 at.%Ce.Ingots of Pd-Ce alloys were prepared in an arc furnace under atmosphere of ultra high purity argon. The disc specimens cut out from the ingots were heat-treated in vacuum and electrothinned to electron transparency by a jet method.

Partition Coefficient Ratios and Tumour Perfusion Studied with 85mKr and 133Xe

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
M. Mäntylä ◽  
J. Perkkiö ◽  
J. Heikkonen
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Perfusion Rate ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
The Mean

The relative partition coefficients of krypton and xenon, and the regional blood flow in 27 superficial malignant tumour nodules in 22 patients with diagnosed tumours were measured using the 85mKr- and 133Xe-clearance method. In order to minimize the effect of biological variables on the measurements the radionuclides were injected simultaneously into the tumour. The distribution of the radiotracers was assumed to be in equilibrium at the beginning of the experiment. The blood perfusion was calculated by fitting a two-exponential function to the measuring points. The mean value of the perfusion rate calculated from the xenon results was 13 ± 10 ml/(100 g-min) [range 3 to 38 ml/(100 g-min)] and from the krypton results 19 ± 11 ml/(100 g-min) [range 5 to 45 ml/(100 g-min)]. These values were obtained, if the partition coefficients are equal to one. The equations obtained by using compartmental analysis were used for the calculation of the relative partition coefficient of krypton and xenon. The partition coefficient of krypton was found to be slightly smaller than that of xenon, which may be due to its smaller molecular weight.

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