DIE ÖSTROGEN- UND PREGNANDIOLAUSSCHEIDUNG BEI HCG-PSEUDOGRAVIDITÄTEN UND NACHFOLGENDEN NORMALEN FRÜHGRAVIDITÄTEN

1971 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kaiser ◽  
W. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Twofold Increase

ABSTRACT The urinary excretion of oestradiol. oestrone, oestriol and pregnanediol was determined in three women during HCG-induced pseudopregnancies and during normal early pregnancies in two of these cases. Until the last day of HCG injection, i. e. the 22nd day after ovulation in both the normal pregnancies and the pseudopregnancies, the excretion of these steroids was nearly identical. Compared with the corpus luteum period of the cycle the increase of oestrogens was about 150% and of pregnanediol about 100%. A further twofold increase of oestrogens in normal pregnancies was noticed within the fourth week after ovulation, and this augmentation was referred to the additional steroid production of the trophoblast. Nevertheless the relation oestradiol:oestrone:oestriol remains the same until the 34th day after ovulation. In the same time, the excretion of pregnanediol in normal pregnancies increased very slowly and did not exceed the highest values of HCG pseudopregnancies.

EFFECTS OF CONTINUOUS DAILY ADMINISTRATION OF 0.5 mg OF CHLORMADINONE ACETATE ON THE PLASMA LEVELS OF PROGESTERONE AND ON THE URINARY EXCRETION OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND TOTAL OESTROGENS

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Larsson-Cohn ◽  
E. D. B. Johansson ◽  
L. Wide ◽  
C. Gemzell
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Chlormadinone Acetate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Difference ◽  
All Treatment

ABSTRACT Daily determinations of the plasma level of progesterone and the urinary excretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and total oestrogens were performed in 6 subjects during one control cycle, immediately followed by three cycles of daily treatment with 0.5 mg of chlormadinone acetate continuously. The control cycles were ovulatory according to the parameters investigated. Two of the women showed a normal LH excretion pattern in all treatment cycles. The four other subjects also had periodical variations in the LH excretion but no distinct midcycle peaks occurred. The mean oestrogen excretion was increased in all three treatment cycles but the difference was satistically significant only in the last two cycles. Compared with the treatment cycles, the sum of progesterone values was significantly decreased in the first two cycles. Chlormadinone acetate in this dose had no thermogenic effect. Three of the subjects showed bleeding irregularities which had no clear connection with the hormone variations measured in the study. It is suggested that the low levels of progesterone might be due to a defective corpus luteum function.

scholarly journals Regulation of steroid synthesis and apoptosis by insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 in human corpus luteum during the midluteal phase

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Villavicencio ◽  
G Iniguez ◽  
MC Johnson ◽  
F Gabler ◽  
A Palomino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Midluteal Phase ◽  
Human Corpus Luteum ◽  
Igfbp 3

The aim of the present study was to investigate the action of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) on steroidogenesis and apoptosis in human corpus luteum during the midluteal phase. Slices from corpora lutea were incubated for 4 h with IGF-I or IGFBP-3. Progesterone, oestradiol, androstenedione and testosterone concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay; caspase 3 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry; bcl-2, bax and P(450arom) expression were assessed by RT-PCR; and apoptosis was detected by in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling. The results showed that addition of IGF-I stimulated progesterone production (150%, P < 0.01), oestradiol production (65%, P < 0.05) and bcl-2 gene expression (approximately 200%, P < 0.05), but decreased apoptosis (P < 0.05). In contrast, IGFBP-3 reduced steroid production and increased bax gene expression and the percentage of apoptotic cells (P < 0.05). Neither IGF-I nor IGFBP-3 had an effect on P(450arom) expression or on the concentrations of its substrates. However, maximum expression of caspase 3 was detected in corpus luteum during the midluteal phase. In conclusion, these results indicate that IGF-I and IGFBP-3 act as regulatory peptides of the function of the human corpus luteum during the midluteal phase. This action may be direct or mediated by steroid production or by bcl-2-bax expression.

EFFECTS OF CONTINUOUS DAILY ADMINISTRATION OF 0.3 mg OF NOREHTINDRONE ON THE PLASMA LEVELS OF PROGESTERONE AND ON THE URINARY EXCRETION OF PREGNANEDIOL AND TOTAL OESTROGENS

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Larsson-Cohn ◽  
E. D. B. Johansson ◽  
C. Gemzell
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Daily Administration ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Chlormadinone Acetate

ABSTRACT Daily determinations of the plasma level of progesterone and the urinary excretion of total oestrogens and pregnanediol were performed in 7 subjects during one control cycle, followed by three months of daily continuous treatment with 0.3 mg of norethindrone (NET). The control cycles were ovulatory according to the parameters investigated. During treatment there was a tendency to cyclically increased oestrogen excretion, this being most marked in cycles with very depressed progesterone-pregnanediol levels. All the subjects showed signs of cyclical luteal activity. In most cases, the levels of progesterone and pregnanediol were lower than during the corresponding control cycles. It is suggested that this might be due to deficient corpus luteum function. The drug had no thermogenic effect. The length of the treatment cycles varied between 22 and 49 days. Only two of the women showed intermenstrual bleeding. It seems that 0.3 mg of NET has a weaker effect on the hormone levels than 0.5 mg of NET, but a stronger effect than 0.5 mg of chlormadinone acetate.

EFFECTS OF CONTINUOUS DAILY ADMINISTRATION OF 0.03 mg OF d-NORGESTREL ON THE PLASMA LEVELS OF PROGESTERONE AND THE URINARY EXCRETION OF OESTROGENS

1971 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 702-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Larsson-Cohn ◽  
E. D. B. Johansson ◽  
C. Gemzell
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Daily Administration ◽  
Basal Body Temperature ◽  
Chlormadinone Acetate

ABSTRACT Daily determinations of the plasma level of progesterone and the urinary excretion of oestrogens were performed in five subjects during one control cycle followed by three months of treatment with 0.03 mg of d-norgestrel. The control cycles were ovulatory according to the parameters investigated, although one of the women showed a monophasic basal body temperature. During treatment there was a tendency to a decrease of the oestrogen excretion. Three of the women showed one or several cycles with low progesterone levels. It is believed that this was due to a defective function of the corpus luteum. It seems that the effect of the present drug on the corpus luteum activity was about equal to that of chlormadinone acetate 0.5 mg daily, while 0.3 and 0.5 mg of norethindrone depressed the function more markedly.

THE NEUTRAL 17-KETOSTEROID EXCRETION DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (IV) ◽  
pp. 494-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Huis in 't Veld
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Bilateral Adrenalectomy ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

ABSTRACT The excretion of Zimmermann chromogens was determined during 3 menstrual cycles in a woman with regular menstruation, suffering from Addison's disease following bilateral adrenalectomy. The 3 cycles investigated were normal (ovulatory) according to the conventional criteria. The medication given (DOCA, deoxycorticosterone-trimethyl-acetate (DOCTA), cortisone) gave rise to the excretion of small quantities of pregnanediol, pregnanolones and 11-oxygenated 17-ketosteroids in the urine. The progesterone produced in the corpus luteum gave rise to urinary excretion of pregnanediol and probably pregnanolones. The results obtained indicate that the ovarian secretion of precursors of 17-ketosteroids (17-hydroxyprogesterone and androst-4-en-3,17-dione) must be exceedingly small. No findings were obtained which indicate the existence of cyclic fluctuations in the ovarian secretion of precursors of neutral 17-ketosteroids.

Sodium retention after adrenal enucleation

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (1) ◽  
pp. E1-E12 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Perrone ◽  
H. H. Bengele ◽  
E. A. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Sodium Retention ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
Renal Sodium Handling ◽  
Sodium Handling

Adrenal enucleation (removal of the adrenal gland, leaving the capsule intact) results in regeneration of the adrenal cortex. During the first 1-2 wk of adrenal regeneration, marked renal sodium avidity and positive sodium balance are noted. This renal sodium avidity appears mediated via adrenocorticotropin-stimulated secretion of a potent mineralocorticoid by the regenerating adrenal cortex. In this review, we have examined relationships between the histology and ultrastructure of the regenerating adrenal cortex, renal sodium handling, and adrenal steroid production at various times after the initiation of adrenal regeneration. Plasma levels of known mineralocorticoids are subnormal during the period of most intense sodium avidity, while urinary excretion of a potent mineralocorticoid, 19-nordeoxycorticosterone, has been found to be increased in rats with regenerating adrenals during this period of most intense sodium avidity. This hormone, however, is not elevated in rats with regenerating adrenals after resolution of the period of sodium avidity. In this article, we review the experimental evidence regarding the potency of this mineralocorticoid and its likely role in the sodium retention after adrenal enucleation.

URINARY EXCRETION OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE AND OESTROGENS BY THE BOAR

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
James I. Raeside
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Daily Injection ◽  
Steroid Biosynthesis ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Urinary Steroids ◽  
High Degree

ABSTRACT The urinary excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), oestrone (OE1) and 17β-oestradiol (OE2) has been estimated during the administration of a number of hormones to an intact mature male pig. Daily intramuscular injections of corticotrophin (300 IU) or cortisone acetate (500 mg) resulted in a decrease in the levels of OE1, OE2 and DHA. Following the daily injection of human chorionic gonadotrophin (2500 IU) the excretion of all three steroids increased greatly. The daily oral administration of 30 mg Norlutin acetate (17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone acetate) appeared to be more effective than 30 mg Norlutin (17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone) in suppressing steroid production by the boar. Considerable daily variation occurred in the amounts of OE1, OE2 and DHA excreted in the urine during »control« periods, and some evidence of a seasonal variation in levels of urinary steroids was observed. Throughout the investigation a high degree of correlation existed between the urinary excretion of DHA and both oestrogens. It was concluded that the data provide strong support for the view that the large quantities of DHA in the urine of the normal boar arise from steroid biosynthesis in the testes.

scholarly journals The Adequate Corpus Luteum: miR-96 Promotes Luteal Cell Survival and Progesterone Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
pp. 2188-2198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra T. Mohammed ◽  
Sadanand D. Sontakke ◽  
Jason Ioannidis ◽  
W. Colin Duncan ◽  
F. Xavier Donadeu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Luteal Cell ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Candidate Mirnas ◽  
Progesterone Production

Abstract Context: Inadequate progesterone production from the corpus luteum is associated with pregnancy loss. Data available in model species suggest important roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in luteal development and maintenance. Objective: To comprehensively investigate the involvement of miRNAs during the ovarian follicle-luteal transition. Design: The effects of specific miRNAs on survival and steroid production by human luteinized granulosa cells (hLGCs) were tested using specific miRNA inhibitors. Candidate miRNAs were identified through microarray analyses of follicular and luteal tissues in a bovine model. Setting: An academic institution in the United Kingdom associated with a teaching hospital. hLGCs were obtained by standard transvaginal follicular-fluid aspiration from 35 women undergoing assisted conception. Intervention(s): Inhibition of candidate miRNAs in vitro. Main outcome measure(s): Levels of miRNAs, mRNAs, FOXO1 protein, apoptosis, and steroids were measured in tissues and/or cultured cells. Results: Two specific miRNA clusters, miR-183-96-182 and miR-212-132, were dramatically increased in luteal relative to follicular tissues. miR-96 and miR-132 were the most upregulated miRNAs within each cluster. Database analyses identified FOXO1 as a putative target of both these miRNAs. In cultured hLGCs, inhibition of miR-96 increased apoptosis and FOXO1 protein levels, and decreased progesterone production. These effects were prevented by small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation of FOXO1. In bovine luteal cells, miR-96 inhibition also led to increases in apoptosis and FOXO1 protein levels. Conclusions: miR-96 targets FOXO1 to regulate luteal development through effects on cell survival and steroid production. The miR-183-96-182 cluster could provide a novel target for the manipulation of luteal function.

THE EFFECT OF SUPRASELLAR TUMOURS ON THE REGULATION OF ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION

1959 ◽  
Vol XXXII (II) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernt Hökfelt ◽  
Rolf Luft
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Diurnal Rhythm ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Acth Secretion ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Salt Restriction ◽  
Suprasellar Region ◽  
Suprasellar Tumours

ABSTRACT The effect of distorsion of the hypothalamus on the hormone production by the adrenal cortex was studied in ten patients, nine of whom had tumours involving the suprasellar region. The spontaneous urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids, 17-ketogenic steroids and Porter-Silber chromogens was normal in six out of the nine patients with suprasellar tumour, as well as in two without suprasellar involvement. The diurnal rhythm in 17-hydroxy-corticosteroids in plasma was absent in four out of seven patients with suprasellar tumour, and present in three such cases. Normal diurnal rhythm was also found in the patient without distortion of the hypothalamus. The capacity to increase steroid production on intravenous administration of ACTH was not impaired in any of the patients studied. The ability to increase ACTH secretion following depression of cortisol production by an 11β-hydroxylase inhibitor was present in five out of six patients with suprasellar tumour. The exception was a patient with clinical evidence of panhypopituitarism including low values for steroid hormones in blood and urine. Aldosterone was excreted by all patients, but six out of eight with suprasellar tumour failed to increase aldosterone excretion following salt restriction.

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