BIOASSAY OF ANTIGONADOTROPHIC SERA

1968 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Robyn ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Immature Male ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Reference Preparation ◽  
Second International

ABSTRACT Methods are described for the bioassay of the human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) – and luteinising hormone (LH) neutralising potencies of antigonadotrophic sera. The methods are based on the increase in weight of the accessory reproductive organs of intact immature male rats and on the increase in weight of the ventral prostate of hypophysectomised immature rats. The antigonadotrophic sera were obtained following immunisation of rabbits with HCG, human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) and human hypophysial gonadotrophin (HHG) preparations. These sera were then assayed against the laboratory standard and the International Standard preparations of HCG, as well as against a highly purified HCG preparation. The antigonadotrophic potencies of the various antisera showed a close agreement, when assayed in intact or hypophysectomised animals against the different HCG preparations. When anti-HCG sera were assayed in intact or hypophysectomised animals against the laboratory standard of HMG, the antigonadotrophic potencies were approximately three times higher than those obtained against HCG preparations. In an attempt to account for this discrepancy, the laboratory standard of HCG was assayed against the laboratory standard of HMG and the Second International Standard preparation of HCG was assayed against the Second International Reference preparation of HMG in both assay systems used. The potency of 1.0 IU of HCG corresponded to that of 2.5 to 2.9 IU of LH. If this difference is taken into consideration, the discrepancy in antigonadotrophic titers disappears. However, when anti-HCG and anti-HHG sera were assayed in intact or hypophysectomised animals against an HHG preparation, the antigonadotrophic potencies were approximately ten times lower than those obtained when the antisera were tested against HCG preparations and ten to thirty times lower than those obtained in the assays conducted against the laboratory standard of HMG. Since these discrepancies in antigonadotrophic titers cannot be explained by differences in the gonadotrophic potency of the preparations used, it is concluded, that major differences exist in the antigenic properties of human gonadotrophins of pituitary – and urinary origin.

THE EFFECT OF PROLACTIN ON URINARY GONADOTROPHIN ASSAYS

1958 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. LORAINE ◽  
E. DICZFALUSY
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Hormone Activity ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Mouse Uterus ◽  
Immature Male ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin

SUMMARY The influence of prolactin on the assay of human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) has been studied. Various bioassay methods were used and the experiments were conducted in two independent laboratories. In hypophysectomized immature male rats the response of the ventral lobe of the prostate to HMG was not affected by simultaneous administration of prolactin. It was concluded that, in the case of urinary extracts, prolactin did not interfere with the specificity of this test for interstitial cell stimulating hormone activity. Valid assays of HMG by the rat uterus and mouse uterus tests could be obtained in the presence of relatively large quantities of prolactin. When HCG was assayed by the rat uterus test and by tests depending on the enlargement of the accessory reproductive organs in male rats, simultaneous administration of prolactin did not affect the results obtained. In immature male rats prolactin did not prevent the regression of the accessory organs which occurs after castration.

BIOASSAY OF ANTIGONADOTROPHIC SERA

1968 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Robyn ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
High Specific Activity ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Reference Preparation ◽  
Quantitative Manner

ABSTRACT Methods are described for the bioassay of the human follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) neutralising potency of antigonadotrophic sera. The methods are based on a modified ovarian weight augmentation test using human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) or luteinising hormone (LH) of ovine origin for augmentation. The antigonadotrophic sera were obtained following immunisation of rabbits with HCG, human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) and human hypophysial gonadotrophin (HHG) preparations. The FSH neutralising potencies of these antisera were assayed against laboratory standard preparations of HMG and HHG and against the Second International Reference Preparation of HMG. When HCG was used for augmentation, the FSH neutralising potency of antisera depended on the sequence in which HCG, HMG and antiserum were combined. When HCG was mixed with the antiserum prior to the addition of HMG, this resulted in a significant decrease in the FSH neutralising potency. When HCG was injected separately from the HMG-antiserum complex, the FSH neutralising potency increased. However, the FSH neutralising potency of all antisera was significantly higher when LH of ovine origin, rather than HCG was used for augmentation. Anti-HCG sera exhibited a considerable FSH neutralising potency, even when prepared by immunisation with HCG preparations of high specific activity. These high FSH neutralising potencies were in contrast to the low FSH activity of the HCG preparations used for immunisation. Anti-HMG sera possessed little, if any, FSH neutralising potency. These poor FSH neutralising potencies were in contrast to the high FSH activity of the HMG preparations used for immunisation. The FSH neutralising potency of an anti-HHG serum was at least 5 times higher when assayed against HMG, than when assayed against HHG. The data presented indicate that HCG preparations extensively compete with FSH preparations for antibodies neutralising FSH activity. This suggests that there is a cross reaction between HCG and FSH. The data also indicate, that there are significant differences in the antigenic properties of human pituitary and urinary gonadotrophins. It is concluded, that the establishment of specificity of immunoassay methods for human gonadotrophins cannot be based exclusively on immunological evidence. Also, the absorption procedures used to improve the specificity of antigens and antisera are of limited value, unless carried out in a strictly quantitative manner following the establishment of the profile of the gonadotrophic and antigonadotrophic activities present.

INHIBITORY ACTION OF CORTISONE ON TESTOSTERONE-INDUCED GROWTH OF THE VENTRAL PROSTATE, THE DORSOLATERAL PROSTATE, THE COAGULATING GLANDS AND THE SEMINAL VESICLES IN CASTRATED ADRENALECTOMIZED RATS

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Eric Tisell
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Androgenic Effect ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats

ABSTRACT The weight and histology of the ventral and dorsolateral prostate, the coagulating glands and the seminal vesicles were studied in castrated non-adrenalectomized male rats after sixteen days of daily injections of testosterone propionate and in castrated adrenalectomized rats after daily injections of testosterone propionate alone or in combination with cortisone. Testosterone propionate was given in daily doses of 0.020 mg and cortisone in daily doses of 1 mg, 3 mg or 9 mg. Testosterone alone induced a less pronounced growth of the dorsolateral prostate, the coagulating glands and the seminal vesicles in castrated non-adrenalectomized than in castrated adrenalectomized rats, suggesting an inhibitory effect of adrenal steroids on the action of testosterone. Cortisone which has a weak androgenic effect when given alone, partially counteracted the testosterone induced growth of the accessory reproductive organs in castrated adrenalectomized rats.

THE GROWTH OF THE VENTRAL PROSTATE THE DORSOLATERAL PROSTATE, THE COAGULATING GLANDS AND THE SEMINAL VESICLES IN CASTRATED MALE RATS INJECTED WITH ACTH AND/OR INSULIN

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Eric Tisell ◽  
Lennart Angervall
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Regular Insulin ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Protamine Zinc Insulin

ABSTRACT The growth of the ventral and the dorsolateral prostate, the coagulating glands, seminal vesicles and levator ani muscle was studied in castrated male rats after fifteen days of daily injections with ACTH or insulin alone, or in combination. ACTH was given in a dose of 8 IU daily. Insulin was administered in increasing daily doses, i. e. regular insulin up to 8 IU and protamine zinc insulin up to 10 IU. After ACTH treatment there were variable histological signs of stimulation of the dorsolateral prostate, while the other accessory reproductive organs showed no response. Regular insulin produced no quantitative or morphological changes in the accessory reproductive organs, and no morphological signs of increased secretion of the adrenal steroids. Administration of ACTH and regular insulin in combination stimulated the growth of all the accessory reproductive organs. Protamine zinc insulin produced prolonged hypoglycaemia and morphological signs of increase secretion of adrenal steroids, thus the adrenals became enlarged and the thymus atrophic. Protamine zinc insulin stimulated growth of all the accessory reproductive organs, a stimulation which was further accentuated after combination with ACTH. Possible mechanisms for the action of insulin on the male accessory reproductive organs are discussed. The varying response of the different parts of the prostate and the seminal vesicles emphasizes the importance of the simultaneous examination of these organs.

STUDIES ON THE DOSE-RESPONSE CURVES IN THE VENTRAL PROSTATE METHOD FOR LUTEINIZING HORMONE

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Dose Response Curves ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT Six luteinizing hormone preparations of human, ovine and equine origin were assayed by a modification of Greep's ventral prostate method. The dose-response curves for human and equine preparations on the one hand and the ovine preparation on the other had a widely different course. The ovine preparation gave a flat curve and did not even in large dosis, exhibit prostatic weights of the magnitude obtained by human preparations. The human and equine preparations gave steep curves, equally steep for human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG), human pituitary gonadotrophin (HPG), and the equine preparation. The slope of the curve is unaffected by the route of administration of the hormones, subcutaneous or intraperitoneal. The causes of the differences in the course of the curves are discussed and the importance of using standards of human origin when testing hormonal substances from humans is pointed out.

POTENCY ESTIMATES OF HUMAN GONADOTROPHINS BY A BIOASSAY AND THREE IMMUNOASSAY METHODS

1971 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Robyn ◽  
M. L'Hermite ◽  
P. Petrusz ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Equilibrium System ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Double Antibody ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay

ABSTRACT Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) and human hypophysial gonadotrophin (HHG) preparations were assayed by a bioassay and three immunoassay methods. The bioassay method was based on the increase in weight of the accessory reproductive organs of immature male rats. The immunoassays included haemagglutination inhibition, a radioimmunoassay using the double antibody technique and a solid phase radioimmunoassay using coated tubes. The same anti-HCG serum was employed in all immunoassays. When relatively crude HCG preparations (< 6000 IU/mg) were assayed, there was a highly significant (P < 0.001) correlation between the estimates obtained by all methods. However, when highly purified HCG preparations (> 6000 IU/mg) were assayed, the bioassay gave significantly higher potency estimates than the immunoassays. Furthermore, the estimates obtained by radioimmunoassays were significantly higher than those obtained by haemagglutination inhibition. However, the results obtained by the two radioimmunoassays showed a highly significant (P < 0.001) correlation. The regression coefficient of the line relating the logit transform of the response to loge, of the dose was significantly higher (b =−1.700±0.7322)) in assays employing the double antibody technique (a non-equilibrium system) than in solid phase (b =−0.945 ± 0.116) immunoassays (an equilibrium system). When highly purified HCG preparations were assayed by the double antibody technique, the regression coefficients were significantly higher than those obtained with the standard preparations. In relation to their biological activity, HMG preparations contained much less immunological activity, than HHG preparations. In addition, the regression lines obtained with HCG, HMG and HHG preparations showed significant deviations from parallelism when estimated by radioimmunoassays. The precision and sensitivity of the four assay methods increased in the following order: bioassay, haemagglutination inhibition, solid phase radioimmunoassay and radioimmunoassay involving the use of the double antibody technique. It is concluded that in relation to their biological activity, marked differences exist in the immunological activities of highly purified and relatively crude HCG preparations. In addition, the immunological activities of HCG, HMG and HHG preparations are dissimilar, when immunoassayed by the use of an anti-HCG serum.

Effects of Testosterone Metabolites on Serum Gonadotropin Concentrations in Immature Male Rats

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Moger
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immature Male ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Testosterone Metabolites

The ability of testosterone, androsterone, 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol, and 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol to prevent the castration-induced rise in serum gonadotropin levels was investigated in immature male rats. Rats castrated at 30 days of age were treated once per day by subcutaneous injection of 12.5–100 μg of the steroid per 100 g body weight per day for 3 days, beginning on the day of castration. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last injection. Testosterone propionate, androsterone propionate, and 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol dipropionate were also tested at the approximate molar equivalent of 100 μg of the free alcohol form per 100 g body weight per day.Testosterone propionate and 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol were the only compounds tested that prevented the castration induced rise in luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations. Testosterone propionate also inhibited the rise in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations whereas 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol inhibited the rise in FSH in one but not in another experiment. These were the only compounds tested that affected serum FSH concentrations.The lower doses of testosterone tested significantly increased serum LH, but not FSH concentrations compared to castrate control animals. The highest dose tested partially inhibited the rise in serum LH concentrations.Both androsterone and androsterone propionate maintained ventral prostate weights. Although neither compound prevented the castration induced rise in serum LH, two groups receiving androsterone had serum LH concentrations significantly lower than the castrate control group.5α-Androstane-3β,17β-diol and 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol dipropionate failed to maintain ventral prostate weights or prevent the rise in serum gonadotropin levels.These results indicate that 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol is capable of preventing the castration induced rise in serum LH concentrations in the immature male rat and thus may participate in the regulation of LH secretion in these animals.

scholarly journals Antispermatogenic Activity of the Benzothiazoline Ligand and Corresponding Organoantimony(V) Derivative in Male Albino Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj K. Sharma ◽  
H. Rehwani ◽  
A. K. Rai ◽  
R. S. Gupta ◽  
Y. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sperm Density

Triphenylantimony(V) derivative,Ph3Sb(OPri)[SC6H4N:C(CH3)CH2C(O)CH3],1b, and the corresponding benzothiazoline ligand [1, 2],HNC6H4SC︹(CH3)CH2C(O)CH3,1a, have been tested for their effects on the reproductive system of male albino rats. The oral administration of both1aand1bat the dose level of 10 mg/rat/day produced significant reduction in the weights of testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles, and ventral prostate. Significant decrease in sperm motility as well as in sperm density resulted in 100% sterility. Significant (P<.01) alterations were also found in biochemical parameters of reproductive organs in treated male rats as compared to the control group. Production of preleptotene, pachytene, and secondary spermatocytes was decreased by 42%, 43%, 39%, and by 44%, 49%, 55% in the ligand,1a, and organoantimony(V) derivative,1b, treated rats, respectively. These results indicate that both compounds1aand1bare antispermatogenic in nature and on oral administration in male rats, and finally caused sterility. A comparison indicates that the organoantimony(V) derivative1bis more effective pertaining to its antispermatogenic activity than the corresponding ligand1a.

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