3-METHOXY-4-HYDROXY-BENZALDEHYD (VANILLIN) ALS METABOLIT VON ADRENALIN UND NORADRENALIN

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Thomas ◽  
Wilhelm Dirscherl
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Ir Spectrum ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Mandelic Acid ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Intermediary Product

ABSTRACT After incubation of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-mandelic acid, a metabolite of adrenaline and noradrenaline, with rat liver slices and slices of human liver obtained at post mortem, in addition to vanillic acid one intermediary product was detected by paper chromatography. In the system benzene-propionic acid-water (2:2:1) this showed the same RF-value as 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (vanillin). In the deproteinized incubation medium the substance was precipitated as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, which after purification and recrystallisation was identified by melting point, absorption spectrum between 220 and 500 mμ, and IR-spectrum as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of vanillin.

VANILLINSÄURE ALS ENDPRODUKT DES ABBAUES VON ADRENALIN UND NORADRENALIN

1964 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilhelm Dirscherl ◽  
Betty Brisse
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Mandelic Acid ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
The Third ◽  
Uv And Ir Spectra ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Liver Homogenates

ABSTRACT Incubation of homogenates of rat liver or human liver with D,L-3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-mandelic acid yielded 3 diazopositive compounds. In addition to the starting material, vanillic acid could be isolated by means of column chromatography. It was identified by the shape of its crystals, micro melting point, mixed melting point, UV- and IR-spectra, and paper chromatography in 3 different solvent systems. The third substance has not yet been identified. Since acid hydrolysis does not result in any cleavage a conjugate can be ruled out. The yield of vanillic acid was about 12 per cent with rat liver, 3 per cent with post mortem liver and 7-8 per cent with liver obtained at operation. Vanillic acid is not further metabolized by liver homogenates and can also be considered as the final metabolite of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the human liver.

VANILLINSÄURE ALS ENDPRODUKT DES ABBAUES VON ADRENALIN UND NORADRENALIN

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilhelm Dirscherl ◽  
Helmut Thomas ◽  
Herbert Schriefers
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Mandelic Acid ◽  
Uv And Ir Spectra ◽  
Rat Livers

ABSTRACT In rat livers perfused with 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-mandelic acid, formerly believed to be the endproduct of the metabolism of adrenaline and noradrenaline, three metabolites were detected by paper chromatography. After further purification by column chromatography, one of these substances was identified by melting point, shape of crystals, UV- and IR-spectra as vanillic acid. Perfusion with vanillic acid yielded only one metabolite in very small quantities. Because of its properties it is assumed to be a conjugate of vanillic acid. Hence vanillic acid, isolated in 1959 from human urine by Dirscherl & Schmidtmann, is the actual endproduct of the metabolism of adrenaline and noradrenaline.

scholarly journals Novel 5,6-Dihydropyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines as Scaffolds for Synthesis of Lamellarin Analogues

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Han Liao ◽  
Dai Hua Hu ◽  
Ai Ling Wang ◽  
De Peng Li
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Ir Spectrum ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Synthetic Route ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
C Nmr

As core skeletons of lamellarins: 5,6-Dihydropyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines are one of the important alkaloids that exhibit significant biological activities, in this study, an efficient synthetic route was described for two novel compounds, 5,6-dihydropyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolinesIandII. CompoundIwas synthesized from isovanillin with 28.3% overall yield by a six-step reaction whileIIfrom 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) ethanamine was with 61.6% overall yield by a three-step reaction. And the structures of these two compounds were confirmed by means of IR spectrum,1H NMR,13C NMR, MS, HRMS, and melting point measurements.

Post-mortem visualization of peroxisomes in rat and in human liver

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. De Craemer ◽  
M. Espeel ◽  
M. Langendries ◽  
R. B. H. Schutgens ◽  
T. Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Liver ◽  
Post Mortem

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF LAMIVUDINE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Kalpesh V. Sonar ◽  
Prabodh Sapkale ◽  
Anil Jadhav ◽  
Tushar Deshmukh ◽  
Swapnil Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Beer’S Law ◽  
Solubility Studies ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Tablet Dosage

Objective: To develop and validate simple, rapid, linear, accurate, precise and economical UV Spectroscopic method for estimation of Lamivudine in tablet dosage form.Methods: The drug is freely soluble in analytical grade water. The drug was identified in terms of solubility studies and on the basis of melting point done on melting point apparatus of Equiptronics. It showed absorption maxima were determined in analytical grade water. The drug obeyed the Beer’s law and showed a good correlation of concentration with absorption which reflects in linearity. The UV spectroscopic method was developed for estimation of lamivudine in tablet dosage form and also validated as per ICH guidelines.Results: The drug is freely soluble in analytical grade water, slightly soluble in methanol and practically insoluble in acetone. So, the analytical grade water is used as a diluent in the method. The melting point of lamivudine was found to be 160-161˚C (uncorrected). It showed absorption maxima 268 nm in analytical grade water. On the basis of the absorption spectrum, the working concentration was set on 10µg/ml (PPM). The linearity was observed between 6-14 μg/ml (PPM). The results of the analysis were validated by recovery studies. The recovery was found to be 98.7, 101 and 99.2% for three levels respectively. The % RSD for precision was found to be 0.62%.Conclusion: A simple, rapid, linear, accurate, precise and economical UV Spectroscopic method has been developed for estimation of Lamivudine in tablet dosage form. The method could be considered for the determination of Lamivudine in quality control laboratories.

Synthesis, IR Spectrum and Crystal Structure of a,a′-Dipyridyldi(iodineazide)/Synthesis, IR Spectrum and Crystal Structure of a,a′-Dipyridyldi(iodineazide)

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Dörner ◽  
Kurt Dehnicke ◽  
Kurt Dehnicke ◽  
Werner Massa ◽  
Roland Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Dihedral Angle ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Ir Spectrum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bond Lengths ◽  
Covalently Bonded ◽  
Moisture Sensitive ◽  
Ray Methods

Abstract The complex [a,a′-dipyridyl(IN3)2] can be prepared by reaction of a,a′-dipyridyl with iodine azide in CH2CI2 solution. It forms stable, yellow, moisture-sensitive crystals of melting point 73 °C. According to the IR spectrum the IN3 molecules are covalently bonded to the N atoms of the dipyridyl via the iodine atoms. The crystal structure determination was carried out by X-ray methods (2127 independent reflexions, R = 3.2%). The complex crystallizes in the space group P21/c with four formula units per unit cell, (a = 1299, b = 726, c -1647 pm; β = 96.1°). The IN3 molecules form linear bridges Nα-I-N to the nitrogen atoms of the pyridyl rings with bond lengths Nα-I 217 pm and Npyr-I 244 pm. The dihedral angle of the pyridyl rings is 63.4°.

scholarly journals Hypolipidaemic drugs are activated to acyl-CoA esters in isolated rat hepatocytes. Detection of drug activation by human liver homogenates and by human platelets

1992 ◽  
Vol 284 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bronfman ◽  
M N Morales ◽  
L Amigo ◽  
A Orellana ◽  
L Nuñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Isolated Hepatocytes ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Intracellular Concentration ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferators ◽  
Isolated Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Liver Homogenates ◽  
Isolated Rat

The formation of acyl-CoA esters of the hypolipidaemic peroxisome proliferators clofibric acid, ciprofibrate and nafenopin was studied in isolated rat hepatocytes. The concentration of ciprofibroyl-CoA in the liver of ciprofibrate-treated rats was in the range of 10-30 microM. The three drugs formed acyl-CoA esters when incubated with isolated hepatocytes. Their formation was saturable and reached a plateau after 30 min incubation. Maximal intracellular concentrations of ciprofibroyl-CoA and clofibroyl-CoA (100 microM and 55 microM respectively) were attained at 0.5 mM of the free drugs in the incubation medium, whereas for nafenopin-CoA, the maximal intracellular concentration (9 microM) was reached at 1 mM-nafenopin. At low concentrations of the hypolipidaemic compounds in the incubation medium a significant proportion of the total intracellular drug was present as its acyl-CoA ester (25-35% for ciprofibrate). When isolated hepatocytes were incubated with a ciprofibrate concentration comparable with that observed in the blood of drug-treated rats (0.1 mM), ciprofibroyl-CoA attained an intracellular concentration similar to that previously observed in the liver of treated rats. The formation of ciprofibroyl-CoA by isolated rat hepatocytes was stimulated by the addition of carnitine and partially inhibited by the addition of palmitate. Further, it was shown that human liver homogenates synthesized ciprofibroyl-CoA at a rate similar to that observed for rat liver homogenates. Solubilized human platelets also formed ciprofibroyl-CoA, although at a rate two orders of magnitude lower than that of liver. The results support the view that acyl-CoA esters of hypolipidaemic peroxisome proliferators may be the pharmacologically active species of the drugs.

Synthesis of Amino Propionic Acid Modified Polypropylene-Graft-Styrene Fiber

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Yao Ran Sun ◽  
Shu De Duan ◽  
Rui Xia Guo ◽  
Rui Sheng Hu ◽  
Hai Li Yun
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Ir Spectrum ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Amino Propionic Acid

The amino propanoic acid chelating fiber (APACF) was prepared by immobilizing tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) and propionic acid on polypropylene-graft-styrene (PP-g-ST). The synthetic conditions of amino PP-g-ST fiber and APACF were optimized by the way of L16(45) orthogonal experiment, and the optimizing reaction conditions were obtained. APACF was characterized by FTIR, and the changes of IR spectrum verified the introduction of carboxyl groups to the raw material. The experimental results revealed that the APACF can be used to remove and enrich copper from aqueous solution.

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