INSENSITIVITY OF OVARIAN MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES TO SYSTEMIC L- AND D-THYROXINE TREATMENT

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Thorsøe
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
Thyroxine Treatment ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT The effect of 1-thyroxine and d-thyroxine on the content of mucopolysaccharides in rabbit ovaries was studied histologically and biochemically. The doses of 1-thyroxine and d-thyroxine completely blocked the pituitary release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as shown by the inhibition of 131I release from the thyroid gland. The treatment with 1-thyroxine as well as with d-thyroxine was continued for 15 and 30 days respectively. 1-Thyroxine brought about a loss of weight in the rabbits and caused a decrease in ovarian weight. d-Thyroxine produced no loss of weight and did not affect the ovarian weight. Neither 1-thyroxine nor d-thyroxine altered the gross appearance of the ovaries. Histological examination showed the quantity, distribution, and intensity of metachromatic substance to be identical in all experimental groups. Autoradiography showed no changes in the distribution of the 35S-containing mucopolysaccharides. Neither 1-thyroxine nor d-thyroxine altered the ovarian concentration of water or hexosamine, or the uptake of 35S-sulphate.

The effects of propylthiouracil, thyroxine, and hypophysectomy on the iodinating activity of the rat thyroid gland

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Zimmerman ◽  
C. C. Yip
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Daily Injection ◽  
The Third ◽  
Thyroxine Treatment ◽  
Rat Thyroid ◽  
Rat Thyroid Gland ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The effects of increasing or decreasing the endogenous secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone on the iodinating activity of the rat thyroid gland were investigated. The thyroid iodinating activity of rats on 0.01% propylthiouracil in the drinking water increased linearly for 3 days and reached a maximum of 230 to 240% of the control on or about the fourth day of treatment. The daily injection of thyroxine (10 μg/100 g intraperitoneally) or hypophysectomy resulted in a rapid decrease in the iodinating activity between the first and second day, approaching a basal level by the third day. When the iodinating activity was suppressed for 4 days by daily injections of thyroxine, the activity began to rise on the fifth day after termination of thyroxine treatment.

Interaction of adrenals and thyroid in maintenance of body temperature of rats exposed to cold

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin J. Fregly
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Cortisone Acetate ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Effective Administration ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The effects of cortisone acetate and thyroxine, administered separately or in combination, on colonic cooling rate (CCR) have been studied in restrained, adrenalectomized rats subjected to air at 5°C. Thyroxine alone at 5.0 µg/day reduced the rapid CCR of adrenalectomized rats but failed to return it to that of sham-operated rats. Cortisone acetate alone at 1.0 mg/day reduced CCR but also failed to restore it to normal. A higher dose (2.0 mg/day) was even less effective. Administration of 5.0 µg/day thyroxine simultaneously with 2.0–2.5 mg cortisone acetate returned CCR to that of sham-operated rats. Simultaneous administration of cortisone acetate with graded doses of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) to adrenalectomized rats resulted in greater reduction of CCR than with either treatment alone. Cortisone acetate did not appear to interfere either with tissue utilization of thyroxine or with thyroid gland response to TSH administration. The cooling test has also proved a useful tool for comparing potencies of a synthetic (dexamethasone) and a naturally occurring steroid (progesterone) with that of cortisone acetate. Dexamethasone is estimated to have a potency 700 times that of cortisone acetate, while progesterone is only one-third as potent.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR ACTIVITY IN THE NEONATAL RABBIT

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ŚLEBODZIŃSKI ◽  
Z. MACH ◽  
W. MALINOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Factor Activity ◽  
Embryo Chick ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Nine-day chick embryos received grafts of hypothalamus, adenohypophysis, thyroid, and fat (controls) from 0-, 7-, 14- and 21-day-old rabbits to the chorio-allantois. In addition, aqueous rabbit adenohypophysial and hypothalamic extracts were given to 1-day-old chicks. Animals injected with thyrotrophin and saline served as controls. On the 5th day of incubation of treated embryos, or 24 h after the administration of the extracts, the chicks were killed and their thyroids studied histologically. The hypothalamic grafts or extracts activated the chick thyroid gland and a similar trend was found in adenohypophysial or thyroid-stimulating hormone-treated chicks. The degree of activation of the embryo chick thyroid gland was related to the age of the donor rabbit. In general, thyroidstimulating hormone-releasing factor activity in hypothalamic heterografts or extracts appeared first in 14-day-old rabbits and was correlated with increasing thyrotrophic potency of the rabbit adenohypophysis.

The effects of insulin on TSH secretion and the morphology and physiology of the thyroid in the lizard Podarcis s. sicula

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Capaldo ◽  
Vincenza Laforgia ◽  
Rosaria Sciarrillo ◽  
Antimo Cavagnuolo
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Podarcis Sicula ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

AbstractInsulin was administered to Podarcis sicula in winter, when the thyroid gland is inhibited. The activity of the thyroid increased, plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones and hepatic 5'-monodeiodinase activity (MDA) increased, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations fell to undetectable values. This result confirms the influence of insulin on the activity of the thyroid gland in the lizard species studied. The mechanisms are still unclear, although there is evidence which leads us to believe that insulin is directly responsible for thyroid activation.

scholarly journals The effect of iodine in patients using povidone-iodine mouth wash on thyroid function

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowri Shankar Murugesan ◽  
Manju Priya Venkat
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mouth Wash ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Thyroid gland is a key part of endocrine system and it performs its functions via two most important thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid gland is mainly regulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Povidone-iodine (polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine, PVP-I) mouthwash is commonly used to treat infections of the oral cavity and oropharynx and iodine released from PVP-I can interfere with thyroid function. In this study the effect of brief treatment with povidone-iodine mouth wash on thyroid function was assessed. The aim of the present study was to assess whether iodine is absorbed through oral transmucosal route and interfere with TSH in serum.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty one patients with acute and chronic pharyngitis and tonsillitis were recruited and out of which forty-seven patients were treated with 20 ml of PVP-I mouthwash twice daily for 3 weeks and blood was collected from the respective patients before and after treatment with PVP-I. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone concentration was measured from the collected blood samples of the patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In the present study there was a small increase in serum TSH concentration during the therapy with PVP-I but the concentration determined was within the normal range.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Based on the results of this study we conclude that the use of PVP-I for a brief period transiently increase TSH value and prolonged use should be avoided in people with an increased risk of thyroid dysfunction and other autoimmune disorders.</p>

scholarly journals Thyroid-stimulating hormone, leptin and insulin resistance in patients with obesity after bariatric surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Anna R. Volkova ◽  
Michael B. Fishman ◽  
Galina V. Semikova
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Spontaneous Reduction ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

BACKGROUND: The function of the thyroid gland effects on obesity and comorbidities. It has been proven for bariatric surgery to be the most effective in obesity treatment. AIM: to evaluate the dynamics of body weight, thyroid status, leptin and insulin resistance in obese patients after bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 74 obese patients were observed after bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy 42, gastric bypass - 32); initial body mass index (BMI), thyroid stimulating hormone, free T4, fasting plasma leptin, insulin and glucose were estimated; the insulin resistance index HOMA-IR was calculated. The dynamics of body weight was estimated by BMI and the excess BMI loss (% EBMIL). After 3 years of follow-up, 48 patients were examined. RESULTS: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) was detected in 36.5% of patients with high degrees of obesity. A correlation was found between BMI and TSH level (R=0.5; p=0.01). HOMA-IR was increased in most patients with obesity of the II and III degree (4.81.9 ng / ml). In the SH group, the leptin level was significantly higher than in the group with a normal TSH level of 43.07.3 ng / ml and 33.24.6 ng / ml (p=0.004). Among patients with initial SH, spontaneous reduction of TSH levels occurred in 45% patients 3 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperatively, the BMI decrease was associated with the decrease of TSH, leptin and HOMA-IR. The data obtained may reflect the effect of adipose tissue on the functional state of the thyroid gland in patients with high degrees of obesity after bariatric surgery. This seems to be extremely important for maintaining body weight.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of Parsley Leaf (Petroselinum crispum) Essential Oil on Hypothyroidism and Testicular Injury in Mice Intoxicated by Carbon Tetrachloride

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gehan M. Badr ◽  
Abdulmohsen I. Algefare ◽  
Manal A. Alfwuaires
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The aim of the present study was to investigate the ameliorative potential of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) leaf essential oil (PO) against the detrimental effects of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) on the thyroid gland and testes of mice. Twenty-four adult male mice were divided into four groups and treated for 4 weeks. The 1st control group received 3 mL/kg olive oil intraperitoneally, twice a week followed by 0.5 mL/kg saline intragastrically daily. The 2nd CCl4 group received CCl4 (3 mL/kg intraperitoneally, twice a week). The 3rd PO group received PO (0.5 mL/kg intragastrically daily), while the 4th CCl4+PO group received CCl4 coadministrated with PO at the aforementioned doses. CCl4 group recorded significant ( p < 0.05 ) reduction in the activities of antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and significant ( p < 0.05 ) increase in the lipid peroxidation end product’s level malondialdehyde (MDA) in the testes and thyroid glands. Meanwhile, serum levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and thyroid hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (fT3), total thyroxine (T4), and free thyroxine (fT4)) significantly decreased. Also, histopathologically, the testicular tissue showed hypospermatogenesis within irregular-shaped seminiferous tubules with prominent edema in the interstitial spaces confirming the aforementioned biochemical alterations. Treatment with PO significantly reduced the testicular and thyroid oxidative stress ( p < 0.05 ) and elevated the testosterone (73.47%), FSH (92.11%), LH (33.33%), T3 (23.47%), fT3 (39.13%), T4 (27.91%), and fT4 (75%) as compared to that of CCl4-treated group corresponding values. The PO GC/MS analysis indicated bioactive monoterpenes (major component is 1,3,8-mentha triene 34.48%) and phenylpropenes (major component is myristicin 21.04%). Results suggested the ameliorative effect of PO against CCl4-induced hypogonadism in mice by suppressing oxidative stress and maintaining thyroid gland function.

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