STUDIES ON THE GROWTH IN TISSUE CULTURE OF THE CORPUS LUTEUM AND OF THE ISOLATED OVARIAN FOLLICLE OF THE RAT

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stig Kullander
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Hormonal Influence ◽  
Theca Cells ◽  
Ovarian Cells

ABSTRACT The growth of corpus luteum tissue fragments and single ovarian follicles from rat and the hormonal influence on such growth was studied in tissue culture. Both types of tissue gave good growth. Oestrone inhibited the growth of the theca cells around the follicles during dioestrus, but stimulated the growth of the corpus luteum fragments, provided, however, that they had been dissected from rats in dioestrus. Progesterone appeared to inhibit the growth of theca cells from follicles removed from animals in oestrus. F. S. H. inhibited the growth of theca cells from follicles excised from animals in dioestrus, but stimulated the growth of these cells from animals in oestrus. L. T. H. stimulated growth of corpus luteum fragments that had been isolated from animals in oestrus, but had no effect when the specimens had been removed from animals in dioestrus. The findings suggest that steroid hormones and gonadotrophins may directly inhibit or stimulate the growth of certain ovarian cells and that oestrogens are necessary for the gonadotrophic hormones to exert a stimulating effect locally on the ovary.

scholarly journals Serum deprivation affects secretory activity of cultured porcine ovarian follicles and granulosa cells and their response to hormones

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 455-460
Author(s):  
A.V. Sirotkin
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Serum Deprivation ◽  
Ovarian Cells ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Granulose Cells ◽  
Vitro Model

The aim of the present study is to understand the hormonal mechanisms of the effect of malnutrition on ovarian follicle functions. For this purpose, we examined the effect of malnutrition/serum deprivation, addition of metabolic hormones and gonadotropin (IGF-I, leptin and FSH) and their combination on the release of progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>), testosterone (T), estradiol (E<sub>2</sub>) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) by cultured whole ovarian follicles and on P<sub>4</sub> and IGF-I output by cultured granulosa cells isolated from porcine ovaries. It was observed that in ovarian follicles cultured with nutrients/serum addition of IGF-I reduced release of P<sub>4</sub>, but not of T or E<sub>2</sub>. Exogenous leptin reduced output of E<sub>2</sub>, but not of P<sub>4</sub> or T, and increased IGF-I output. No significant effect of FSH on release of steroid hormones by isolated follicles was found. Serum deprivation did not affect release of P<sub>4</sub>, but reduced output of T and E<sub>2</sub>, and promoted IGF-I release by cultured ovarian follicles. Addition of hormones failed to prevent the effect of malnutrition on the secretory activity of cultured ovarian follicles. In cultured granulose cells, all the tested hormones promoted release of both P<sub>4</sub> and IGF-I. Food restriction/serum deprivation reduced both P<sub>4</sub> and IGF-I output. Additions of either IGF-I, leptin and FSH prevented the inhibitory action of malnutrition on both P<sub>4</sub> and IGF-I release. The present observations (1) confirm the involvement of the hormones IGF-I, leptin and FSH in the control of secretory activity of ovarian cells, (2) demonstrate, that both isolated ovarian granulosa cells and whole follicles cultured in the absence of serum nutrients could be an adequate in-vitro model for studying the effect of malnutrition on ovarian secretory functions, and (3) suggest, that malnutrition could affect ovarian functions through changes in the release of ovarian hormones.

scholarly journals In vivo study of follicular statistics in Red Chittagong Cattle of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
GK Deb ◽  
MA Kabir ◽  
MFH Miraz ◽  
SMJ Hossain ◽  
MF Afroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Donor Cows

The objective of this research was to generate baseline information on follicular statistics of Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC).Ten heifers and ten regular breeder RCC cows were selected randomly from BLRI Research Herd. The ovary was grasped by inserting left hand through the rectum and the follicles were visualized by inserting a sectorial probe through the vagina. Ovarian follicles were visualized and recorded by counting on the screen of ultrasonography machine. All visible follicles (>2.0mm) were counted and graded as small (<3.0mm), medium (3.0 to 8.0mm) and large (>8.0mm). The follicles were measured 3 times at a 3-day interval period without considering the stage of the reproductive cycle of the experimental animals. During this experiment, a total of 137 follicles (66 in Heifers and 71in cows) were observed from 10 heifers and 10 cows. The corpus luteum was observed either in the left or right ovary of 25.0% heifers and 35.0% cows. In heifer, 40.91, 45.45 and 13.64% of the observed follicles were belonged to small, medium and large groups, respectively. The percentage of small, medium and large follicles in the cow ovaries were 54.93, 39.44 and 5.63% accordingly. The number of follicles in an ovary did not vary (P>0.05) between right and left ovary of a heifer or cow. The diameter of the largest follicle on the ovary was smaller (P<0.05) in heifer (9.43±0.34mm) compared to cow (11.2 ± 0.73mm). This information will be helpful during aspiration of ovarian follicle from donor cows. Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2018. 47 (1): 47-50

PATHWAYS FOR THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF OESTRADIOL IN THE RABBIT OVARIAN FOLLICLE IN VITRO

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. PATWARDHAN ◽  
A. LANTHIER
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Human Ovaries ◽  
Steroid Pathway

Laboratoire d'Endocrinologie, Hópital-Notre-Dame et Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada (Received 8 June 1977) In ovarian tissues, the synthesis of oestrogen from pregnenolone can proceed via progesterone and the 3-oxo-4-unsaturated steroid pathway or by way of dehydroisoandrosterone and the 5-unsaturated steroid pathway. In human ovaries, the follicle seems to prefer the 5-unsaturated pathway for formation of oestrogen (Ryan & Petro, 1966), whereas in the corpus luteum, the 4-unsaturated steroid pathway may be the only one that is operative (Ryan, 1963). The situation is not so clear in other species. In the rabbit, a reflex ovulator, ovarian follicles are known to secrete oestradiol (YoungLai, 1972). Furthermore, isolated follicles can form oestradiol, androgens and progesterone from endogenous (Mills, 1975) or exogenous (Mills & Savard, 1972) precursors in vitro. Mills & Savard (1972) incubated rabbit follicles with [1-14C]acetate and isolated labelled oestradiol and intermediates involved in the 4- and 5-unsaturated steroid

scholarly journals Immunohistochemistry and Expression Profile of Estrogen Receptor 2 Gene in Different Grade Size Ovarian Follicles of Leizhou Black Ducks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collins Amponsah Asiamah ◽  
Yuanbo Liu ◽  
Rungen Ye ◽  
Yiting Pan ◽  
Li-li Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profile ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Large White ◽  
Ovarian Follicle Development ◽  
Theca Cells ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Specific Localization

Abstract BackgroundEstrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) plays significant biological roles in the reproductive system and ovarian follicle development. This study, therefore, aimed to reveal the expression pattern and cell-specific localization of ESR2 in the ovarian follicles of Leizhou black ducks. MethodFour laying Leizhou black ducks at 43 weeks old were annihilated and different grade-sized follicles were collected for immunohistochemistry and expression profile study. The follicles were grouped into seven (7) as small white follicles (SWF), large white follicles (LWF), small yellow follicles (SYF), large yellow follicles (LYF), follicle 5 (F5), follicle 2 (F2), and follicle 1 (F1). ResultsThe qRT/PCR results displayed that ESR2 mRNA was expressed in all follicles with the highest (P < 0.05) level of expression found in F1 compared to other follicles. Immunohistochemistry analysis of the cell-specific localization of ESR2 protein revealed that ESR2 was distributed in both granulosa and theca cells region in all the follicles examined. There was a significantly higher localization of ESR2 protein in the granulosa cells than the theca cells of SWF, SYF, LYF, F2, and F1. Comparatively, ESR2 was highly expressed in the granulosa cells of LYF than in all the other follicles. ConclusionThese results provide theoretical knowledge for the in-depth study of the related biological functions of the ESR2 gene and its application at the cellular level.

scholarly journals Effects of Methyl paraben neonatal treatment on puberty onset, estrus cycle, and development of ovarian follicles in female mice (Balb/c)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leili Mohammadi ◽  
Rahmatollah Parandin ◽  
Pouya Pournaghi
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Methyl Paraben ◽  
Group Reduction ◽  
Puberty Onset

Introdution:Methyl paraben (MP) is an xsenoestrogen pollutant that is classified into preservatives due to its antibacterial properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of MP in female neonatal mice on puberty timing, estrus cycle, and ovarian follicle profile. Methods:In this experimental study, one-day-old Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8), including the control, vehicle, and three groups with doses of 0.8, 4 and 20 mg/kg of methyl paraben, respectively. Subcutaneous injection was performed in the first 5 days after birth and once a day. The day of vaginal opening was considered as a sign of puberty and estrus cycle for one month. Then, the mice were sacrificed in 70 days; their serumand ovary were collected for studies of hormonal measurement and counting of follicles.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL; Version 18 and one-way analysis of variance was used for comparingthe groups. Results:The day of puberty onset advanced by 4 (p<0.05) and 20MP (p<0.001). Duration mean of estrus cycle in 4 (p<0.05) and 20MP (p<0.001) and diestrus index in 4 (p<0.01) and 20MP (p<0.001) increased compared to the control group. Reduction in the number of ovarian follicles and corpus luteum was observed in 4 and MP20 groups. The concentration of estradiol increased in 4 (p <0.05) and MP20 (p <0.001) groups and the concentration of LH in 4 and MP20 groups was decreased compared to the control group (p <0.001). Conclusion:The study showed that exposure to the MP the during neonatal period could lead to Precocious puberty, estrus dysfunction, decreased ovarian follicle content and corpus luteum and impaired secretion of sex hormones.

Expression and function of lysophosphatidic acid in theca cells of the bovine ovarian follicle

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Sinderewicz ◽  
Dorota Boruszewska ◽  
Ilona Kowalczyk-Zieba ◽  
Joanna Staszkiewicz ◽  
Katarzyna Grycmacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Theca Cells ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Signalling pathways and mechanistic cues highlighted by transcriptomic analysis of primordial, primary, and secondary ovarian follicles in domestic cat

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shauna Kehoe ◽  
Katarina Jewgenow ◽  
Paul R. Johnston ◽  
Susan Mbedi ◽  
Beate C. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Ovarian Folliculogenesis

AbstractIn vitro growth (IVG) of dormant primordial ovarian follicles aims to produce mature competent oocytes for assisted reproduction. Success is dependent on optimal in vitro conditions complemented with an understanding of oocyte and ovarian follicle development in vivo. Complete IVG has not been achieved in any other mammalian species besides mice. Furthermore, ovarian folliculogenesis remains sparsely understood overall. Here, gene expression patterns were characterised by RNA-sequencing in primordial (PrF), primary (PF), and secondary (SF) ovarian follicles from Felis catus (domestic cat) ovaries. Two major transitions were investigated: PrF-PF and PF-SF. Transcriptional analysis revealed a higher proportion in gene expression changes during the PrF-PF transition. Key influencing factors during this transition included the interaction between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) along with nuclear components such as, histone HIST1H1T (H1.6). Conserved signalling factors and expression patterns previously described during mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis were observed. Species-specific features during domestic cat ovarian folliculogenesis were also found. The signalling pathway terms “PI3K-Akt”, “transforming growth factor-β receptor”, “ErbB”, and “HIF-1” from the functional annotation analysis were studied. Some results highlighted mechanistic cues potentially involved in PrF development in the domestic cat. Overall, this study provides an insight into regulatory factors and pathways during preantral ovarian folliculogenesis in domestic cat.

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