SOME CLINICAL EXPERIENCE IN THE DETERMINATION OF CORTISOL AND CORTICOSTERONE IN A SMALL SAMPLE OF HUMAN PLASMA

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. van der Wal ◽  
A. L. M. Israëls ◽  
J. F. Janssen ◽  
D. de Wied
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Adults And Children

ABSTRACT Quantitative determinations of cortisol and corticosterone were performed in 3 ml of human plasma, using the different partition coefficients of these steroids between water and carbon tetrachloride according to Van der Vies (1961). Comparative values for plasma cortisol and corticosterone in adults and children and in patients treated with corticotrophin (ACTH) or corticosteroids are presented. Cortisol levels in non-treated adults and in children amounted to 11.8 ± 2.0 ranging from 5–26 μg per 100 ml while mean corticosterone levels were found to be 2.75 ± 0.70 ranging from 0–6 μg per 100 ml. Intravenous Cortrophin or Pitressin for one hour or intramuscular Cortrophin Z generally increased both plasma cortisol and corticosterone, whereas treatment with prednisone somewhat decreased the cortisol content of plasma without affecting the plasma corticosterone. One patient with Cushing's syndrome had a high cortisol and a normal corticosterone level and in an adult patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated for several months with Cortrophin Z, the rather high cortisol level was associated with a very low corticosterone content of the plasma.

INDIVIDUAL DETERMINATION OF CORTISOL AND CORTICOSTERONE IN A SINGLE SMALL SAMPLE OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. van der Vies
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Individual Determination ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT A method is described for the individual determination of corticosterone (11β,21-dihydroxy-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) and cortisol (11β,17,21 -trihydroxy-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) in 2.5 ml of peripheral plasma. The method is based on the different partition coefficients of these steroids between water and carbon tetrachloride, allowing of separation by simple extractions. The steroids are determined by reading the fluorescence in a mixture of sulfuric acid and alcohol.

Rapid Determination of Sufentanil in Human Plasma by UHPLC–QqQ-MS-MS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Zawadzki ◽  
Grzegorz Kowalski ◽  
Agnieszka Chłopaś-Konowałek ◽  
Marta Siczek ◽  
Małgorzata Sobieszczańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Detection And Identification

Abstract This paper presents a rapid, sensitive and precise method developed and validated for the quantification of sufentanil in biological samples using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with QqQ-MS-MS. Plasma samples were extracted with simple and fast liquid-liquid extraction (ethyl acetate, pH 9). Calibration curve showed linearity in the concentration range of 0.005–30 µg/L. The lower limit of quantification was 0.010 µg/L. The most important method features are low lower limit of quantification value, simple plasma extraction and small sample volume. This method is suitable not only for evaluation of the pharmacokinetics, toxicology, bioavailability and clinical pharmacology of sufentanil but also for the detection and identification of this compound in human plasma samples for forensic purposes.

A Fluorometric Method for Plasma Cortisol and Transcortin

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 961-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
E K Smith ◽  
C A Muehlbaecher
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Technical Skill ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Fluorometric Method ◽  
Assay Time

Abstract A fluorometric method for cortisol applicable to 0.3-1.0 ml plasma is described. Inclusion of a carbon tetrachloride fractionation step assures greater specificity without undue increase in required technical skill or assay time. Advantages of the fluorometric procedure over the Porter-Silber chromogen method for determination of cortisol-binding globulin (transcortin) by a gel filtration procedure are emphasized. Utilizing the methods described, plasma concentrations of cortisol and transcortin for 22 healthy adults were found to be 13.9 ± 3.9 (SD) µg/100 ml and 15.7 ± 1.3 (SD) µg bound/100 ml, respectively.

scholarly journals Determination of Cortisol in Human Plasma by Radioimmunoassay

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Read ◽  
Diana R. Fahmy ◽  
R. F. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Layer Chromatography

A radioimmunoassay for plasma cortisol featuring the gamma-emitting radioligand 125I-iodohistamine, coupled to cortisol-3-(O-carboxymethyl)-oxime, is described. The new procedure retains much of the specificity associated with the use of anti-cortisol-3-BSA sera with tritium-labelled radioligands, and has the further advantages that running costs are lower and there is a greater potential for automation. Cortisol values obtained by this procedure agree well with those obtained by a published specific radioimmunoassay using the tritiated cortisol radioligand. Specificity of the procedure was checked by comparing values obtained with and without thin-layer chromatography purification: correlation was excellent (r = 0·96). Satisfactory levels of sensitivity, precision, and accuracy were obtained.

THE DETERMINATION OF ADRENOCORTICAL STEROIDS IN BLOOD: OBSERVATIONS ON THE RELIABILITY OF A SIMPLE FLUORIMETRIC METHOD FOR CORTISOL

1962 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANNELORE BRAUNSBERG ◽  
V. H. T. JAMES
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Preliminary Estimate ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Precision Error ◽  
Satisfactory Precision

SUMMARY A simple method for the determination of cortisol in human plasma has been improved and studied in detail. The specificity for cortisol was increased by an additional partition of the extract between benzene and water. This did not obviate the use of a preliminary petrol partition to remove some material interfering with the determination. Quenching or potentiation of fluorescence by impurities is common, and an 'internal standard' technique, consisting of addition of cortisol to parallel plasma samples, was adopted in an attempt to improve the accuracy of the method. Careful cleaning of all glassware is essential for satisfactory accuracy. A preliminary estimate of precision indicates that plasma cortisol concentrations of 2 μg./100 ml. are distinguishable from zero, but satisfactory precision (error ≤ 15%, P = 0·05), at concentrations of 10 μg./100 ml. or greater, still requires samples of 8 ml. of plasma.

scholarly journals Determination of Metformin in Human Plasma and Urine by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Using Small Sample Volume and Conventional Octadecyl Silane Column

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dion Brocks ◽  
Raniah Q. Gabr ◽  
Raj S. Padwal
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Human Plasma And Urine

Purpose: To develop a selective and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of metformin in human plasma and urine, using a conventional reverse phase column and low specimen volume. Methods: Extraction of metformin and ranitidine (as internal standard) from plasma and urine samples (100 µL) was performed with a 1-butanol-hexane (50:50, v/v) mixture under alkaline conditions followed by back-extraction into diluted acetic acid. Chromatography was carried out using a C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm). A mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and KH2PO4 (34:66, v/v) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (3 mM) was pumped at an isocratic flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. Results: The calibration curves were linear (>0.995) in the concentration ranges of 10–5000 and 2–2000 μg/mL for metformin in plasma and urine respectively. The mean absolute recoveries for 100 and 1000 ng/mL metformin in plasma using the present extraction procedure were 93.7 and 88.5%, respectively. The intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation in plasma and urine were

Studies on the Fibrinolytic System in Human Plasma: Quantitative Determination of Plasminogen Activators and Proactivators

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 365-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Kluft
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Optimal Recovery ◽  
Dextran Sulphate ◽  
Baseline Levels

SummaryEffects due to plasma plasminogen activators and proactivators are usually studied in assay systems where inhibitors influence the activity and where the degree of activation of proactivators is unknown. Quantitative information on activator and proactivator levels in plasma is therefore not availableStudies on the precipitating and activating properties of dextran sulphate in euglobulin fractionation presented in this paper resulted in the preparation of a fraction in which there was optimal recovery and optimal activation of a number of plasminogen activators and proactivators from human plasma. The quantitative assay of these activators on plasminogen-rich fibrin plates required the addition of flufenamate to eliminate inhibitors. The response on the fibrin plates (lysed zones) could be coverted to arbitrary blood activator units (BAU). Consequently, a new activator assay which enables one to quantitatively determine the plasma level of plasminogen activators and proactivators together is introduced.Two different contributions could be distinguished: an activity originating from extrinsic activator and one originating from intrinsic proactivators. The former could be assayed separately by means of its resistance to inhibition by Cl-inactivator. Considering the relative concentrations of extrinsic and intrinsic activators, an impression of the pattern of activator content in plasma was gained. In morning plasma with baseline levels of fibrinolysis, the amount of extrinsic activator was negligible as compared to the level of potentially active intrinsic activators. Consequently, the new assay nearly exclusively determines the level of intrinsic activators in morning plasma. A pilot study gave a fairly stable level of 100 ± 15 BAU/ml (n = 50). When fibrinolysis was stimulated by venous occlusion (15 min), the amount of extrinsic activator was greatly increased, reaching a total activator level of 249 ± 27 BAU/ml (n = 7).

The Plasmin Inhibitors of Plasma

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Shamash ◽  
A Rimon
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
New Method ◽  
Normal Amount ◽  
Caseinolytic Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasmin Inhibitors

SummaryA new method for the assay of plasmin inhibitors in human plasma is described. The method consists of determination of the caseinolytic activity of a standard plasmin solution before and after incubation with the inhibitor, with lysine added to the mixture as a stabilizer of plasmin. Using this method, it was found that plasma contains enough inhibitors to inactivate 30 caseinolytic units of plasmin, or 10 times the normal amount of plasminogen in human plasma.

Determination of Plasminogen in Human Plasma by the Lysis Time Method

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 001-017 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Berg ◽  
K Korsan-Bengtsen ◽  
J Ygge
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Plasmin Activity ◽  
Time System ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Single Determination

SummaryA one-stage lysis time system containing fibrinogen, streptokinase, thrombin, and a known, small amount of plasminogen was used to determine plasminogen in plasma.The known amount of plasminogen was added to the system in order to keep the lysis times relatively short when a highly diluted plasma was tested. High dilutions of plasma were used to reduce the influence of the plasma inhibitors.The calculation of the plasminogen concentration was made on the basis of the correlation: “plasminogen = fibrinogen/lysis time” which was valid in the system. The method allowed determination of plasminogen in plasma with varying fibrinogen concentrations, as the fibrinogen concentration in plasma was considered in the calculation.The presence of “spontaneous” plasmin activity in the plasma did not influence the plasminogen determination. Estimated by this method, the plasminogen content in plasma from 32 blood donors aged 25-45 years was 13.1 ±2.4 casein u/ml. The error of a single determination was 0.3 casein u/ml. The plasminogen content in plasma, determined with the present method, is about 3-4 times higher than the content found when a caseinolytic method is used.

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