scholarly journals Svjetlosni oblici Vojina Bakića

Ars Adriatica ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Ivica Župan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Optical Phenomenon ◽  
Organic Constituent ◽  
Functional Part ◽  
Conceptual Shift ◽  
The 1960S

Bakić’s cycle Luminous Forms marks a significant conceptual shift and radicalization of expression in relation to the pre-existing tradition in Croatian sculpture. At the same time, it corresponds to the movements in European sculpture of the 1960s at which time the visual language changed in order to match a dynamic construction of forms, where a sculptor leaves out the inner core and disintegrates it with more liberal combinations and sequencing of elements.Within the limits of his own range and scope, Bakić constantly manifested a number of overall coincidences with particular issues and ideas presentat a specific moment in the global artistic sphere, and he did this in a surprisingly intense and exciting way which was at the same time polemical, competitive and rooted in principles. He took an active part inthe radical changes in the visual, aesthetic, social and spiritual aspect of art of his time, including the issue of language and form as an optical phenomenon of light and movement. His work in the 1960s contains some other features which were always favoured by the modern movement such as technological innovation, a youthful spirit, a soupçon of subculture, emancipatory pretensions,dynamism, novel, fresh aesthetics… In his cycles, Bakić embodied faith in the future and the creation of new blueprints for the world, in a spontaneous and uninterrupted creativity, and in numerous modernstylistic modalities which he realized very successfully in the corresponding form, shape and iconography. Bakić was convinced that his sculpted object could be an organic, constituent and functional part of the architectural and urban structure, and hoped that architects and urban planners would begin to understandthe importance of a sculptor’s participation not only in the process of architectural and urban design itself, but also in the autonomous mediation of a sculptor in both of those fields.With regard to their expressive and material aspect, Luminous Forms fit relatively easily into the international domain of contemporary art and, most of all, confirm that Bakić is a sculptor who is adept at supple formswithin the context of innovations focusing on problemsolving becausethey are based on the idea that incessant innovation is necessary, as it is to be inclined towards experimental approach to art.

Ups and Downs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Livermore
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Convection ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S

Despite the dumbing-down of education in recent years, it would be unusual to find a ten-year-old who could not name the major continents on a map of the world. Yet how many adults have the faintest idea of the structures that exist within the Earth? Understandably, knowledge is limited by the fact that the Earth’s interior is less accessible than the surface of Pluto, mapped in 2016 by the NASA New Horizons spacecraft. Indeed, Pluto, 7.5 billion kilometres from Earth, was discovered six years earlier than the similar-sized inner core of our planet. Fortunately, modern seismic techniques enable us to image the mantle right down to the core, while laboratory experiments simulating the pressures and temperatures at great depth, combined with computer modelling of mantle convection, help identify its mineral and chemical composition. The results are providing the most rapid advances in our understanding of how this planet works since the great revolution of the 1960s.

scholarly journals The (Post-) Soviet Built Environment: Soviet–Western Relat ions in the In dustrialised Mass Housing and its Reflections in Soviet Lithuania

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Drėmaitė
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Housing Production ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Mass Housing ◽  
Nikita Khrushchev ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Housing Programme

This paper discusses the social, political and especially the technological aspect of the post-war Soviet industrialisation of housing, focusing on the relation to Western planning and technology. The chronological scope of the paper covers the thaw in Soviet architecture and construction that began in 1954 after the well-known meeting of Soviet architects and builders initiated by Nikita Khrushchev. This study presents Soviet architects’ study trips to the West, which became crucial in changing the entire urban planning and mass housing production system in the USSR. The text examines how pan-Union mass housing industrialisation policy and practice were carried out in the 1960s in the Western periphery of the USSR, namely Soviet Lithuania, which became the leader in mass housing urban design because of the Western-oriented ambitions of Baltic architects. Thus, in the paper the modern Soviet mass housing programme is researched from the perspective of (mutations in) modernist urban planning.

The Montage Connection between John Heartfield and László Lakner

2019 ◽  
pp. 565-588
Author(s):  
Cristina Cuevas-Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
The West ◽  
Weimar Germany ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Visual Cultures

This article argues that during the 1960s the Hungarian conceptualist and painter László Lakner defined through his works a paradoxical, yet distinctive lineage of a New Leftist visual culture. Based in the tradition of transnational communist, antifascist visual expression, Lakner’s art responded and critiqued the communist regime in Eastern Europe during the 1960s. The German political photomonteur John Heartfield initiated such an alternative leftist visual language in Weimar Germany in his antifascist photomontages, published by the German magazine Arbeiter-Illustrierte Zeitung, to create a politically engaged viewer from within the communist international movement. This essay compares the work of Lakner and Heartfield to show how the montage connection between these two artists stemmed from a transnational cross-pollination between communist visual cultures in the West and East that shared an international and oppositional character informed by radical social movements in the thirties and sixties.

The Bolotnaya Square: Urban Design in Moscow between social activities and political protests

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenia Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Political Protest ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Public Place ◽  
Political Protests ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Political Actions

The article is aimed to explore the so-called Turn to the City in Moscow, as a part of which the city has experienced a growth of interest in the redevelopment of the post-Soviet urban structure; and urban design is considered one of the tools of this redevelopment. On the one hand, the turn to urban design is based on the attention to public, green, and pedestrian places and social activities within these places; on the other hand, it is able to undermine the power of oppositional movements in the city, which also take place on the redeveloped sites. These contradictions between social activities and political protest are analyzed in the case study of the Bolotnaya Square, which became widely famous as a public place during the political actions of 2011- 2012.

scholarly journals Planning regulations in the USA and their implications on urban design in the central city zone

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Dinic ◽  
Petar Mitkovic
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Central City ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
American Cities

At the beginning of the 20th century, urban planning of the American cities was founded on the strong capitalist system and vast available land area. After a long period of planning, which was suited for the use of automobiles, nowadays the deficiencies both in the urban structure and social sphere are very obvious. Modern planning is striving to prescribe guidelines for urban design and thus create a continuity of cityscape and emphasize the pedestrian character of the area, particularly in central city zones. Town planning in the USA comprises local regulations which are suited to the needs of individual cities. Particularly important are the implications which certain town planning regulations have on the design of physical structures in the central city zone, which is the research goal of this paper.

Urban Structure Design Strategy of Energy Conservation

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 6686-6691
Author(s):  
Li Ya Fan ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Xue Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Relationship

Energy crisis is the major problem that we are facing today. Energy conservation is imminent. In accordance with the idea of asking, analyzing and solving questions, this paper discussed the relationship between urban structure and energy, urban development and energy characteristics of new era, from the perspective of urban design. We proposed several strategies about urban structure design and hope to play on certain references in the practical application.

scholarly journals The Social Experiences and Uses of Post-War Modernist Urban Heritage Conservation and Regeneration: London’s Southbank Centre

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-663
Author(s):  
Patricia Aelbrecht
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Social Experiences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Incomplete Assessments ◽  
Do So

Since the 1960s, post-war modernist heritage has been largely criticised and victimised by the public opinion because of its material failures and elitist social projects. Despite these critiques, post-war modernist heritage is being reassessed, revalued and in some places successfully rehabilitated. There is a growing recognition that most of the critiques have often been the result of subjective and biased value and taste judgments or incomplete assessments that took into account neither urban design nor the users’ experiences. This paper aims to contribute to these reassessments of post-war modernist urban heritage legacies. To do so, it places the user’s social experiences and uses, and the urban design at the centre of the analysis, by using a combination of ethnographic methods and urban design analysis and focusing on the public spaces of South Bank Centre in London, the UK’s largest and most iconic and contested post-war modernist ensemble with a long history of conservation and regeneration projects. Taken together, the findings demonstrate the importance of including the users’ social experiences and uses in the conservation and regeneration agendas if we want to achieve more objective and inclusive assessments.

scholarly journals Changes in the distribution and structure of white-collar workers’ residences in Japan during the period of modernization

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Takashi Kirimura
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Telephone Directory ◽  
Factorial Ecology ◽  
Residential Differentiation ◽  
White Collar Workers ◽  
Small Area Statistics ◽  
The 1960S

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In Japan, research on urban residential differentiation has been carried out since the 1970s. Most of this research has focused on large cities using social area analysis and factorial ecology. The poor availability of small area statistics hindered research on urban residential differentiation until the end of the 1960s. Therefore, previous studies that focused on the modern cities in Japan used region-specific materials. For example, Ueno (1981) who studied in Tokyo in the 1920s used the census data calculated by the Tokyo City Office and Mizuuchi (1982) who studied in Osaka from the 1860s to the 1930s used various statistics created by the prefectural police and so on. For this reason, it is difficult to explore the inter-city comparison on the residential differentiation during the period of modernization in Japan.</p><p>This study assesses the possibility of utilizing telephone directories as a data source to determine differences in geographical residence on the basis of occupation and visualize the distribution of white-collar workers’ residences in the mid-1930s in three Japanese cities: Tokyo, Osaka, and Kyoto. Although the regional situation on the penetration of telephones needs to be considered, the inter-city comparison becomes possible since the telephone directories in which the occupation of telephone subscribers was recorded was made available nationwide in the pre-war period. Since the white-collar workers during that period relatively belonged to the high class, many of them were considered subscribing to telephones. In addition, white-collar workers changed the previous urban structure that consisted of merchants and craftsmen into a modern one. Therefore, white-collar workers are a suitable subject for analyzing the telephone directory and the residential differentiation in the mid-1930s.</p>

scholarly journals Changed precipitation patterns and the need for a novel approach to building plot planning

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Niksic ◽  
◽  
Jernej Cervek ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Current System ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Novel Approach

The events related to climate change are recently challenging the Slovenian urban planning. One of them are the floods in urbanised areas that call for a radically new approaches to how the urban built structure is organised and managed. The continental (and largest) part of Slovenia has a subalpine climate which has been traditionally characterised by a moderate precipitation throughout the year. This is now being changed as the larger amounts of water fall on the ground in a shorter period. As the current urban structure is not shaped in accordance with these new circumstances, parts of the cities are getting flooded more often. Some mitigation measures have been implemented, however to address the issue comprehensively new urban planning approaches are needed too. The paper will present one of the tools that has been developed within the endeavours of the national Ministry of Spatial Planning to reform the urban planning system to better reflect the changes posed by the climate change. It is related to the urban design criteria for building plots planning. To allow the rainfall to penetrate the soil as soon as the precipitation reaches the ground, new measures in organisation of the building plots will be provided. The current system defines the percentage of the built-up area within the plot but does not consider the permitted percentage of the paved open spaces (which do not allow the water to penetrate into the grounds), therefor it will be supplemented by the new measures based on the ability of the plots to allow the penetration of the water. The paper firstly presents the current system of building plots regulation within the Slovenian planning system. It then reports the results of the extensive analyses that focused on the existing characteristics of building plots for different building typologies across the country (housing, production, trade, public services) with the aim to map the state of the art in terms of the potential of the existing building plots to allow the water to flow into the grounds. The third part explains the methodological framework for the new approach to the building plots regulation. The last part presents the newly proposed approach and relates it to other urban design tools that need to support the implementation in practice. The concluding section relates the lessons learnt in Slovenian case to the similar situations elsewhere and stress the responsibilities that the urban planning and design have in providing future urban environments that will ensure the environmentally just living conditions for all.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document