scholarly journals Cross-media Translation Based on the Mental Image Directed Semantic Theory-Pictorial Interpretation of Natural Language Texts of Static Positional Relations-.

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 233-244
Author(s):  
Daisuke Hironaka ◽  
Masao Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Cross Media

scholarly journals Aware Computing in Spatial Language Understanding Guided by Cognitively Inspired Knowledge Representation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Predicate Logic ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Spatial Language ◽  
Image Model ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Language Understanding ◽  
Subjective Knowledge ◽  
Cross Media ◽  
Human Attention

Mental image directed semantic theory (MIDST) has proposed an omnisensory mental image model and its description languageLmd. This language is designed to represent and compute human intuitive knowledge of space and can provide multimedia expressions with intermediate semantic descriptions in predicate logic. It is hypothesized that such knowledge and semantic descriptions are controlled by human attention toward the world and therefore subjective to each human individual. This paper describesLmdexpression of human subjective knowledge of space and its application to aware computing in cross-media operation between linguistic and pictorial expressions as spatial language understanding.

Context-Free Semantics

2019 ◽  
pp. 208-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Santorio
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Theory Of Meaning ◽  
Context Free ◽  
Context Shift

On a traditional view, the semantics of natural language makes essential use of a context parameter, i.e. a set of coordinates that representss the situation of speech. In classical frameworks, this parameter plays two roles: it contributes to determining the content of utterances and it is used to define logical consequence. This paper argues that recent empirical proposals about context shift in natural language, which are supported by an increasing body of cross-linguistic data, are incompatible with this traditional view. The moral is that context has no place in semantic theory proper. We should revert back to so-called multiple-indexing frameworks that were developed by Montague and others, and relegate context to the postsemantic stage of a theory of meaning.

Dissociating intervention effects from superiority in English wh-questions

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadas Kotek
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Natural Language Semantics ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Language Semantics ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
Quantifier Raising ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract In wh-questions, intervention effects are detected whenever certain elements – focus-sensitive operators, negative elements, and quantifiers – c-command an in-situ wh-word. Pesetsky (2000, Phrasal movement and its kin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press) presents a comprehensive study of intervention effects in English multiple wh-questions, arguing that intervention correlates with superiority: superiority-violating questions are subject to intervention effects, while superiority-obeying questions are immune from such effects. This description has been adopted as an explanandum in most recent work on intervention, such as Beck (2006, Intervention effects follow from focus interpretation. Natural Language Semantics 14. 1–56) and Cable (2010, The Grammar of Q: Q-particles, wh-movement, and pied-piping. Oxford University Press), a.o. In this paper, I show instead that intervention effects in English questions correlate with the available LF positions for wh-in-situ and the intervener, but not with superiority. The grammar allows for several different ways of repairing intervention configurations, including wh-movement, scrambling, Quantifier Raising, and reconstruction. Intervention effects are observed when none of these repair strategies are applicable, and there is no way of avoiding the intervention configuration – regardless of superiority. Nonetheless, I show that these results are consistent with the syntax proposed for English questions in Pesetsky (2000, Phrasal movement and its kin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press) and with the semantic theory of intervention effects in Beck (2006, Intervention effects follow from focus interpretation. Natural Language Semantics 14. 1–56).

scholarly journals CRITICAL ANALYSES OF NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING (NLP) IN UNDERSTANDING SEMANTICS

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (9(49)) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Farida Huseynova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Language Understanding

Today, language understanding systems do quite many useful things with processing natural language, even they are able to process the data much faster than humans are. Nevertheless, they do not have the same logical understanding of natural language yet as humans have and the interpretation capabilities of a language understanding system depending on the semantic theory is not sufficient in all aspects. The research is centered on some of the important issues that arise using it in natural language processing.

scholarly journals Vagueness

Pragmatics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Diez-Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Inherent Characteristic ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
English Loanword

The language of fashion is often set as the example of a field where the use of loanwords is common practice, but has seldom been worthy of scholarly analytical attention. At the same time, vagueness is usually regarded as an inherent characteristic in natural language, but, until recently, terminology relegated it, since the traditional approaches tended to prioritise accuracy and standardisation. With the help of a combined theoretical basis, a semantic theory and a pragmatic model, this paper brings together these two worlds in order to examine the English loanword ‘print’ in the domain of Spanish fashion, contrasting and comparing it with native near-equivalents. We conclude that the presence of this borrowed term, exclusively restricted to specialised fashion circles, cannot be motivated by its contribution to specificity, a characteristic that usually distinguishes loanwords from their semantic near-equivalents in the recipient language. The importance of ‘print’ lies in its unspecified, vague nature as a loan, which permits its adaptation to a variety of fashion contexts less appropriate for the more restricted denotation of the native terms.

A semantic analysis system based on HPSG with the mental-image directed semantic theory built in

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Koichi Ryu ◽  
Daisuke Hironaka ◽  
Mikio Amano ◽  
Masao Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Analysis System
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