scholarly journals Salting-out Phase Separation System of Water–Tetrahydrofuran with Co-using 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride and Sodium Chloride for Possible Extraction Separation of Chloro-complexes

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki HIRAYAMA ◽  
Takaaki HIGO ◽  
Hisanori IMURA
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Separation System ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Chloro Complexes ◽  
Extraction Separation

scholarly journals Liquid–liquid phase separation in particles containing organics mixed with ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium nitrate or sodium chloride

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 11723-11734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. You ◽  
L. Renbaum-Wolff ◽  
A. K. Bertram
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Inorganic Salt ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Organic Species ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Abstract. As the relative humidity varies from high to low values in the atmosphere, particles containing organic species and inorganic salts may undergo liquid–liquid phase separation. The majority of the laboratory work on this subject has used ammonium sulfate as the inorganic salt. In the following we studied liquid–liquid phase separation in particles containing organics mixed with the following salts: ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium nitrate and sodium chloride. In each experiment one organic was mixed with one inorganic salt and the liquid–liquid phase separation relative humidity (SRH) was determined. Since we studied 23 different organics mixed with four different salts, a total of 92 different particle types were investigated. Out of the 92 types, 49 underwent liquid–liquid phase separation. For all the inorganic salts, liquid–liquid phase separation was never observed when the oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio (O : C) &amp;geq; 0.8 and was always observed for O : C < 0.5. For 0.5 &amp;leq; O : C < 0.8, the results depended on the salt type. Out of the 23 organic species investigated, the SRH of 20 organics followed the trend: (NH4)2SO4 &amp;geq; NH4HSO4 &amp;geq; NaCl &amp;geq; NH4NO3. This trend is consistent with previous salting out studies and the Hofmeister series. Based on the range of O : C values found in the atmosphere and the current results, liquid–liquid phase separation is likely a frequent occurrence in both marine and non-marine environments.

scholarly journals THE SALTING OUT OF GELATIN INTO TWO LIQUID LAYERS WITH SODIUM CHLORIDE AND OTHER SALTS

1928 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. McBain ◽  
Frederick Kellogg
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Quaternary System ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Phase Rule

1. Conditions under which gelatin may be salted out into two liquid layers at 35° were studied. 2. The equilibria governing the amounts and composition of the layers salted out with sodium chloride are found to accord with the requirements of the phase rule for the quaternary system gelatin-sodium chloride-hydrogen ion-water. 3. So far, soaps and gelatin are found to be surprisingly similar in their behaviour and definite indications are given as to where further similarities may be sought. 4. It is evident from this work that the term "coagulation" as ordinarily applied to the salting out of proteins is definitely a misnomer.

Impact of Different Sorting Media on the Waste Plastics Separation

2014 ◽  
Vol 692 ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Li ◽  
Yu Wen Guo ◽  
Jiu Li Ruan ◽  
Qi Qiao ◽  
Jian Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Calcium Chloride Solution ◽  
Alcohol Solution ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Separation System ◽  
Density Separation

This research established a density separation system by using sorting media such as calcium chloride solution (CaCl2), sodium chloride solution (NaCl) and ethyl alcohol solution (C2H5OH) to study the density separation experiment involving nine different waste plastics. The results showed that PVC(or POM or PET), PC, PA6, PS(or ABS), HDPE and PP could be progressively separated from their mixtures by CaCl2(1.3005g/mL), NaCl (1.1604g/mL), NaCl (1.0861g/mL), tap water (0.9969g/mL) and C2H5OH(0.9039g/mL) with a 100% of sorting rate, respectively.

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