scholarly journals The Effect of Concrete Wording on Truth Judgements: A Preregistered Replication and Extension of Hansen & Wänke (2010)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma L. Henderson ◽  
Frédéric Vallée-Tourangeau ◽  
Daniel J. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Original Study ◽  
Language Differences ◽  
Concreteness Effect ◽  
Truth Effect ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
Dual Site

When you lack the facts, how do you decide what is true and what is not? In the absence of knowledge, we sometimes rely on non-probative information. For example, participants judge concretely worded trivia items as more likely to be true than abstractly worded ones (the linguistic truth effect;Hansen & Wänke, 2010). If minor language differences affect truth judgements, ultimately they could influence more consequential political, legal, health, and interpersonal choices. This Registered Report includes two high-powered replication attempts of Experiment 1 from Hansen and Wänke (2010). Experiment 1a was a dual-site, in-person replication of the linguistic concreteness effect in the original paper-and-pencil format (n = 253, n = 246 in analyses). Experiment 1b replicated the study with an online sample (n = 237,n = 220 in analyses). In Experiment 1a, the effect of concreteness on judgements of truth (Cohen’sdz = 0.08; 95% CI: [–0.03, 0.18]) was smaller than that of the original study. Similarly, in Experiment 1b the effect (Cohen’s dz = 0.11; 95% CI [–0.01, 0.22]) was smaller than that of the original study. Collectively, the pattern of results is inconsistent with that of the original study.

Assessment and Intervention for Children With Limited English Proficiency and Language Disorders

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste Roseberry-McKibbin
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Limited English Proficiency ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Academic Difficulties ◽  
Language Differences ◽  
Language Impaired ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

The number of children with limited English proficiency (LEP) in U.S. public schools is growing dramatically. Speech-language pathologists increasingly receive referrals from classroom teachers for children with limited English proficiency who are struggling in school. The speech-language pathologists are frequently asked to determine if the children have language disorders that may be causing or contributing to their academic difficulties. Most speech-language pathologists are monolingual English speakers who have had little or no coursework or training related to the needs of LEP children. This article discusses practical, clinically applicable ideas for assessment and treatment of LEP children who are language impaired, and gives suggestions for distinguishing language differences from language disorders in children with limited English proficiency.

Riskanter schädlicher und abhängiger Alkoholkonsum: Screening, Diagnostik, Kurzintervention. Leitlinien der AWMF

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Rist ◽  
Ralf Demmel ◽  
Ulfert Hapke ◽  
Georg Kremer ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivität Und Spezifität ◽  
Paper And Pencil

<B>Ziele:</B> Formulierung evidenzbasierter Leitlinien, die Screening und Kurzintervention im Rahmen der medizinischen Basisversorgung erleichtern sollen. </P><P> <B>Methode:</B> Literaturrecherche in der Datenbank MEDLINE und Auswertung der seit 1995 publizierten Studien. </P><P> </B>Ergebnisse:</B> <OL><LI>Screening: Sensitivität und Spezifität einfacher »Paper and Pencil«-Verfahren sind in der Regel höher als die herkömmlicher biochemischer Marker. <LI>Intervention: Eine minimale Intervention kann zahlreiche Patienten veranlassen, den Konsum von Alkohol zu reduzieren. Kurzinterventionen sind in hohem Maße kosteneffizient.</OL> </P><P> <B>Schlussfolgerungen:</B> Vor dem Hintergrund der vorliegenden Literatur erscheint die Implementierung sekundärpräventiver Maßnahmen gerechtfertigt.

Intelligence and Personality

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Marc-André Bédard ◽  
Yann Le Corff
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
French Canadian

Abstract. This replication and extension of DeYoung, Quilty, Peterson, and Gray’s (2014) study aimed to assess the unique variance of each of the 10 aspects of the Big Five personality traits ( DeYoung, Quilty, & Peterson, 2007 ) associated with intelligence and its dimensions. Personality aspects and intelligence were assessed in a sample of French-Canadian adults from real-life assessment settings ( n = 213). Results showed that the Intellect aspect was independently associated with g, verbal, and nonverbal intelligence while its counterpart Openness was independently related to verbal intelligence only, thus replicating the results of the original study. Independent associations were also found between Withdrawal, Industriousness and Assertiveness aspects and verbal intelligence, as well as between Withdrawal and Politeness aspects and nonverbal intelligence. Possible explanations for these associations are discussed.

Formats for Delivering Extended-Length Computerized and Paper-and-Pencil Questionnaires: Effects on Scores and Completion Time

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter P. Vispoel ◽  
Timothy Bleiler ◽  
Shuqin Tao ◽  
Linan Sun ◽  
Ye Hi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Completion Time ◽  
Extended Length ◽  
Paper And Pencil

The illusory truth effect: No repetition necessary

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Wright ◽  
Xiaoning Guo ◽  
Drew Brown ◽  
Chris Manolis ◽  
John Dinsmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Truth Effect ◽  
Illusory Truth Effect
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