Temporal Relationships Between Inferential Style and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Calvete
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Inferential Style

scholarly journals PENERAPAN GRATITUDE JOURNAL UNTUK MENURUNKAN GEJALA DEPRESIF PADA PENDERITA KANKER: STUDI DENGAN ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Eric Sucitra ◽  
Samsunuwijati Mar’at ◽  
Sri Tiatri
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Inferential Style ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Kanker adalah sebuah masalah medis serius yang memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap kualitas hidup penderita secara holistik, termasuk masalah kejiwaan yang mengarah pada gejala depresif. Negative inferential style, yakni sebuah gaya pikir yang cenderung memproses peristiwa hidup secara lebih negatif dari biasanya, diduga sebagai salah satu faktor yang memicu penderita kanker untuk mengembangkan gejala depresif. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memeriksa penerapan intervensi yang berfokus pada aspek kognitif individu dalam bentuk aktivitas gratitude journal untuk mengurangi gejala depresif partisipan. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan ecological momentary assessment untuk memeriksa fluktuasi mood depresif dalam partisipan. Enam partisipan wanita dengan berusia antara 35 sampai 56 tahun (x̅ = 44.83) dengan diagnosis kanker dan gejala depresif (skor BDI-II > 0) direkrut dan menyelesaikan aktivitas gratitude journal selama dua minggu. Uji statistik non-parametrik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan Kruskall-Wallis Test dilakukan untuk menganalisis data. Studi ini juga melakukan analisis tematik dalam bentuk coding untuk menemukan protective factors terhadap depresi yang terkandung dalam gratitude journal. Studi ini tidak menemukan perbedaan bermakna pada skor pretest-posttest trait gratitude, namun menemukan penurunan skor yang signifikan pada gejala depresif. Terakhir, peneliti tidak menemukan adanya perbedaan bermakna dalam gejala depresif pada tiga kondisi waktu yang berbeda. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa gratitude journal dapat digunakan sebagai jenis intervensi yang dapat mendampingi intervensi lain karena karakteristik aktivitasnya yang sederhana. Akan tetapi, masih dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut yang memeriksa penerapan gratitude journal terhadap penderita depresi klinis sebelum konklusi mengenai efektivitas dari aktivitas gratitude journal dapat ditegakkan. Cancer is a group of medical diseases that has detrimental impacts on the sufferers’ quality of life holistically, which includes psychological issues that may lead them to heightened depressive symptoms. Negative inferential style, defined as the tendency to interpret or attribute negative life events in maladaptive ways, has been suggested to be a risk factor contributing to the development of depressive symptoms. The current study aimed to investigate the application of cognitive-based intervention in the form of gratitude journal to reduce depressive symptoms. In addition, the study was designed to explore the fluctuative depressive mood among cancer sufferers by utilizing ecological momentary assessment. Six partisipants with age range from 35 to 56 years old (x̅ = 44.83), with cancer diagnosis and depressive symptoms (BDI-II > 0) were recruited and completed gratitude journal activity for two weeks. Non-parametric statistical analyses in the form of Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Kruskall-Wallis Test were conducted to analyse the data. Findings showed no significant differences between gratitude trait pretest-posttest scores. In contrast, there were significant differences among depressive scores, indicating that the intervention helps to reduce depressive symptoms among cancer sufferers. It was further revealed that the analyses failed to find significant depressive symptoms’ differences among three different time points. The findings suggest that gratitude journal can be used as an effective side-intervention that complements other type of intervention to reduce depressive symptoms due to its “easy-to-do” nature. However, future research is necessary to establish its efficacy to treat individuals with more serious depressive symptoms. 

scholarly journals Elder abuse and depressive symptoms: Which is cause and effect? Bidirectional longitudinal studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Koga ◽  
T Tsuji ◽  
M Hanazato ◽  
N Suzuki ◽  
K Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background Elder abuse is a serious public health concern that increases the risks of negative health outcomes globally. It is well known that abuse in older adults is associated with depression; however, longitudinal studies investigating the causal relationship between these events are scarce. Because the cause precedes the result over time, the temporal relationships between abuse and depression should be verified from each direction. This longitudinal study therefore investigated and clarified whether depression causes or results from elder abuse among older Japanese adults. Methods Two longitudinal analyses were conducted using data derived from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. The data were collected in 2010 and 2013 through a mail survey of 1737 people (983 females, 754 males) across Japan. Results Of those who did not experience abuse in 2010, 38 (5.0%) males and 53 (5.4%) females newly experienced abuse in 2013. Among respondents who did not have depressive symptoms in 2010, 60 (8.0%) males and 61 (6.2%) females newly reported depressive symptoms in 2013. After adjusting for demographic factors in analysis 1, people who experienced abuse were 2.28-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.68-3.09) more likely to have depressive symptoms 3 years later than those who were not abused. In analysis 2, respondents who had mild or severe depression in 2010 were 2.23-fold (95% CI = 1.61-3.10) more likely to have experienced abuse after 3 years than those who did not have depression. Conclusions After adjusting for several demographic factors, the results showed that abuse can lead to depression and that depression can be a cause of abuse. Therefore, preventing abuse should be considered from both directions. Key messages Elder abuse could be a cause for depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms could be a cause of elder abuse.

Understanding temporal relationships between depression, falls, and physical activity in a cohort of post-hospitalized older adults – a breakthrough or a conundrum?

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1681-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Den-Ching A. Lee ◽  
Aislinn F. Lalor ◽  
Grant Russell ◽  
Rene Stolwyk ◽  
Ted Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

ABSTRACTBackground:Clinical depression affects approximately 15% of community-dwelling older adults, of which half of these cases present in later life. Falls and depressive symptoms are thought to co-exist, while physical activity may protect an older adult from developing depressive symptoms. This study investigates the temporal relationships between depressive symptoms, falls, and participation in physical activities amongst older adults recently discharged following extended hospitalization.Methods:A prospective cohort study in which 311 older adults surveyed prior to hospital discharge were assessed monthly post-discharge for six months. N = 218 completed the six-month follow-up. Participants were recruited from hospitals in Melbourne, Australia. The survey instrument used was designed based on Fiske's behavioral model depicting onset and maintenance of depression. The baseline survey collected data on self-reported falls, physical activity levels, and depressive symptoms. The monthly follow-up surveys repeated measurement of these outcomes.Results:At any assessment point, falls were positively associated with depressive symptoms; depressive symptoms were negatively associated with physical activity levels; and, physical activity levels were negatively associated with falls. When compared with data in the subsequent assessment point, depressive symptoms were positively associated with falls reported over the next month (unadjusted OR: 1.20 (1.12, 1.28)), and physical activity levels were negatively associated with falls reported over the next month (unadjusted OR: 0.97 (0.96, 0.99) household and recreational), both indicating a temporal relationship.Conclusion:Falls, physical activity, and depressive symptoms were inter-associated, and depressive symptoms and low physical activity levels preceded falls. Clear strategies for management of these interconnected problems remain elusive.

scholarly journals Elder Abuse and Depressive Symptoms: Which is Cause and Effect? Bidirectional Longitudinal Studies From the JAGES

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096713
Author(s):  
Chie Koga ◽  
Taishi Tsuji ◽  
Masamichi Hanazato ◽  
Norimichi Suzuki ◽  
Katsunori Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Using Data

Elder abuse is a serious public health concern that increases the risks of negative health outcomes globally. It is well known that abuse in older adults is associated with depression; however, longitudinal studies investigating the causal relationship between these events are scarce. Because the cause precedes the result over time, the temporal relationships between abuse and depression should be verified from each direction. This longitudinal study, therefore, investigated and clarified whether depression causes or results from elder abuse among older Japanese adults. Two longitudinal analyses were conducted using data derived from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. The data were collected in 2010 and 2013 through a mail survey of 1,737 people (983 females, 754 males) across Japan. Of those who did not experience abuse in 2010, 38 (5.0%) males and 53 (5.4%) females newly experienced abuse in 2013. Among respondents who did not have depressive symptoms in 2010, 60 (8.0%) males and 61 (6.2%) females newly reported depressive symptoms in 2013. After adjusting for demographic factors in Analysis 1, people who experienced abuse were 2.28-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.68–3.09) more likely to have depressive symptoms three years later than those who were not abused. In Analysis 2, respondents who had mild or severe depression in 2010 were 2.23-fold (95% CI = 1.61–3.10) more likely to have experienced abuse after three years than those who did not have depression. After adjusting for several demographic factors, the results showed that abuse can lead to depression and that depression can be a cause of abuse. Therefore, preventing abuse should be considered from both directions.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in a UK cohort of men and women: a longitudinal study

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Northstone ◽  
Carol Joinson ◽  
Pauline Emmett
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Study Child

AbstractObjectiveThere is evidence to suggest that individual components of dietary intake are associated with depressive symptoms. Studying the whole diet, through dietary patterns, has become popular as a way of overcoming intercorrelations between individual dietary components; however, there are conflicting results regarding associations between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms. We examined the associations between dietary patterns extracted using principal component analysis and depressive symptoms, taking account of potential temporal relationships.DesignDepressive symptoms in parents were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) when the study child was 3 and 5 years of age. Scores >12 were considered indicative of the presence of clinical depressive symptoms. Diet was assessed via FFQ when the study child was 4 years of age.SettingLongitudinal population-based birth cohort.SubjectsMothers and fathers taking part in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children when their study child was 3–5 years old.ResultsUnadjusted results suggested that increased scores on the ‘processed’ and ‘vegetarian’ patterns in women and the ‘semi-vegetarian’ pattern in men were associated with having EPDS scores ≥13. However, after adjustment for confounders all results were attenuated. This was the case for all those with available data and when considering a sub-sample who were ‘disease free’ at baseline.ConclusionsWe found no association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms after taking account of potential confounding factors and the potential temporal relationship between them. This suggests that previous studies reporting positive associations may have suffered from reverse causality and/or residual confounding.

Pharmacology Issues Related to Dementia Syndrome of Depression in Elderly Residents of Long-Term Care Settings

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Angel L. Ball ◽  
Adina S. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Environmental Communication ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Discussion Paper ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Anticholinergic Medications ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Dementia Syndrome

Pharmacological intervention for depressive symptoms in institutionalized elderly is higher than the population average. Among the patients on such medications are those with a puzzling mix of symptoms, diagnosed as “dementia syndrome of depression,” formerly termed “pseudodementia”. Cognitive-communicative changes, potentially due to medications, complicate the diagnosis even further. This discussion paper reviews the history of the terminology of “pseudodementia,” and examines the pharmacology given as treatment for depressive symptoms in the elderly population that can affect cognition and communication. Clinicians can reduce the risk of misdiagnosis or inappropriate treatment by having an awareness of potential side effects, including decreased attention, memory, and reasoning capacities, particularly due to some anticholinergic medications. A team approach to care should include a cohesive effort directed at caution against over-medication, informed management of polypharmacology, enhancement of environmental/communication supports and quality of life, and recognizing the typical nature of some depressive signs in elderly institutionalized individuals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document