A review and preview of developments in the measurement of sociability

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-101
Author(s):  
Nicholas Boswell ◽  
Jian Cao ◽  
W. Jackeline Torres ◽  
Margaret Beier ◽  
Ashutosh Sabharwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Social Patterns ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Mental Health Effects

Sociability is a complex, multifactorial trait. Its importance is underscored by a multitude of negative physical and mental health effects related to loneliness and social isolation. However, current measures of sociability primarily rely on subjective recall and self- report, which have inherent weaknesses and limitations. Although objective and automatic measurements could help to avoid some of these issues, they are still in early stages of development. In this article, the authors review past and present methods of measuring sociability and social interactions. This encompasses both subjective and objective subsets of qualitative and quantitative measurement modalities to gain a broader, more accurate perspective on sociability. Through an analysis of advantages and disadvantages of measurement methods within these categories, a foundational knowledge of sociability measurement can be understood. Utilizing current technology and research methods holds promise to more accurately represent individuals' social networks and social patterns.

scholarly journals One-Year Follow-Up after Multimodal Rehabilitation for Patients with Whiplash-Associated Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4784
Author(s):  
Viktor Björsenius ◽  
Monika Löfgren ◽  
Britt-Marie Stålnacke
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Whiplash Associated Disorders ◽  
One Year ◽  
Chronic Whiplash ◽  
Mental Health Effects ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Long-term symptoms after whiplash injury often comprise neck pain, headache, anxiety, depression, functional impairment and low quality of life. In an observational cohort study, we examined physical and mental health effects in patients with subacute to chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) after participation in a multimodal rehabilitation (MMR) program. MMR is a team-based multi-professional method based on a bio-psycho-social model with a cognitive focus to reach an individualized and common goal for the team and patient together. Standardized self-report questionnaires were filled in three times: before MMR, after MMR, and one year after MMR. A total of 322 participants completed the program, 161 of whom responded in full and were further analyzed. At one-year follow-up after MMR, a significant improvement was seen in the evaluation of the primary outcomes (physical and mental health) and secondary outcomes (anxiety, depression, pain intensity and interference with life). Women improved on all outcomes while men did not improve on the psychological measures (mental health, depression and anxiety). This study indicates that a MMR program could be beneficial for patients with subacute to chronic WAD, at least for women, since the outcomes at one-year follow-up were positive.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Symptoms among U.S. Adults with Allergies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2231
Author(s):  
Marlene Camacho-Rivera ◽  
Jessica Yasmine Islam ◽  
Denise Christina Vidot ◽  
Sunit Jariwala
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Physician Diagnosis

Background: This study sought to evaluate COVID-19 associated physical and mental health symptoms among adults with allergies compared to the general U.S. adult population. Methods: Data for these analyses were obtained from the publicly available COVID-19 Household Impact Survey, which provides national and regional statistics about physical health, mental health, economic security, and social dynamics among U.S. adults (ages 18 and older). Data from 20–26 April 2020; 4–10 May 2020; and 30 May–8 June 2020 were included. Our primary outcomes for this analysis were physical and mental health symptoms experienced in the last seven days. The primary predictor was participants’ self-report of a physician diagnosis of an allergy. Results/Discussion: This study included 10,760 participants, of whom 44% self-reported having allergies. Adults with allergies were more likely to report physical symptoms compared to adults without allergies including fever (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.44–1.99), cough (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.60–2.26), shortness of breath (aOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.71–2.43), and loss of taste or sense of smell (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.58–2.28). Adults with allergies were more likely to report feeling nervous (cOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.13, 1.60), depressed (cOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.11–1.57), lonely (cOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.04–1.47), hopeless (cOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.21–1.72), or having physical reactions when thinking about COVID-19 pandemic (cOR 2.01, 95% CI 1.44–2.82), compared to those without allergies. During the COVID-19 pandemic, adults with allergies are more likely to report physical and mental health symptoms compared to individuals without allergies. These findings have important implications for diagnostic and treatment challenges for allergy physicians.

scholarly journals Physical Health Profile and Associated Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Patients With Bipolar Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Dyg Sperling ◽  
Nina Dalkner ◽  
Christina Berndt ◽  
Eva Fleischmann ◽  
Michaela Ratzenhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased psychological strain on public mental health and may impact behavioral, mental, and physical health, presumably with effects on patients with severe mental disorders. This study examines pandemic-related physical and mental health and (compensatory) behavioral changes, in patients with BD as compared to healthy control individuals.Method: Physical and mental health and self-reported changes in daily structure and behavior due to the pandemic were assessed using a self-constructed questionnaire and the brief symptom inventory (BSI) in Germany, Austria, and Denmark in individuals with BD and a healthy control group.Results: The present study included 118 individuals with BD and 215 healthy controls. Individuals with BD reported statistically significant higher physical risk burden, increased weight gain, more physical comorbidities, and a decrease in physical activity and they further reported higher rates of COVID-19 testing, had more worries concerning health, and experienced more anxiety but less social distancing.Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic seems to have a greater impact on physical health in individuals with BD than in healthy controls. Individuals with BD appear to be having more difficulties compensating their behavior due to the pandemic which could amplify the effect of risk factors associated with poorer physical health. This highlights the necessity for optimizing and targeting the overall treatment of both mental and physical health in patients with BD during periods with far-reaching changes such as the COVID-19 pandemic.Limitations: Sampling issues and self-report forms, selectivity (missing elderly, and those lacking access or knowledge of technology).

scholarly journals A Scenario of COVID-19 Disease on Mental Health Among the General Age-groups

2022 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Somadatta Das ◽  
Rabindra Nath Padhy ◽  
Bibhuti Bhusan Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mental Health Effects ◽  
Watching Tv

The COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) virus causes a respiratory disease with physical and mental health effects, ending at general morbidity and fatality from some latest coronavirus strains, at times. During the present pandemics, people stay mainly at home, contributing to some elevated stress levels. World Health Organization (WHO) contemplates that the additional steps like, quarantine and self-isolation have stimulated daily routines of peoples, leading to a rise in agitation, oppression, sleeplessness, alcohol addiction, drug-addictions and suicidal behaviors; consequently, causing increase in cases of domestic violence, even. At this stage, health service providers cannot help the poor, elderly people, children who are susceptible to pre-medical adverse conditions. This work aims to highlight the general scenario of the mental health locally in India during covid-19 pandemic. Some lifestyles, such as yoga, meditation, Ayurvedic medication, avoiding reading on corona too much and watching TV about it, while staying with the own family with the popular healthier lifestyles are recommended to alleviate stress.

scholarly journals The Utility of the Timed Up-and-Go Test in Predicting Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Independent Living Adults in a Retirement Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1163-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Van Patten ◽  
Ellen E. Lee ◽  
Sarah A. Graham ◽  
Colin A. Depp ◽  
Ho-Cheol Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Health Measures

Physical, emotional, and cognitive changes are well documented in aging populations. We administered a comprehensive battery of mental and physical health measures and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; a cognitive screening tool) to 93 independently living older adults (OAs) residing in a Continuing Care Senior Housing Community. Performance on the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test (a measure of functional mobility) correlated more strongly with the MoCA total score than did measures of aging, psychiatric symptoms, sleep, and both self-report and objective physical health. Furthermore, it was associated with MoCA Attention, Language, Memory, and Visuospatial/Executive subscales. The MoCA-TUG relationship remained significant after controlling for demographic and physical/mental health measures. Given that the TUG explained significantly more variance in broad cognitive performance than a comprehensive battery of additional physical and mental health tests, it may function as a multimodal measure of health in OAs, capturing physical changes and correlating with cognitive measures.

Move your mind: embedding accredited exercise physiology services within a hospital-based mental health service

2020 ◽  
pp. 103985622094303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie J Furzer ◽  
Kemi E Wright ◽  
Azam Edoo ◽  
Andrew Maiorana
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Exercise Physiology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Hospital Environments ◽  
Audit Period ◽  
Service Data

Objective: Despite support for the role of exercise in improving physical and mental health for various psychiatric disorders, few service implementation evaluations within diverse hospital environments exist. This study presents the feasibility and implementation of a clinical exercise physiology service within a hospital mental health service. Method: Feasibility and service data were collected from databases and self-report (consumer and staff) for 6 months from the commencement of new exercise services (gym and group sessions) for community and inpatients (one secure and three open wards). Results: One hundred and twenty consumers engaged with exercise services with 70 direct referrals over the 6-month audit period (mean age 40 ± 13 years (19–69); 41% male). The overwhelming reason for referral was related to weight loss/management (65.7%), with the majority of patients (51%) presenting with schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Further, 549 exercise service interactions were delivered and 78% gym attendees and 69% group session attendees rated the exercise sessions as ‘Good’ or ‘Great’, and intention to return ranged from 78% for inpatient gym sessions to 91% for community gym sessions. Conclusions: Embedding exercise physiology into a mental health service is feasible and well accepted and the evaluation of long-term consumer outcomes in ‘real-world’ will serve as a crucial step.

The Physical and Mental Health Effects of Iraq War Media Exposure on Iraqi Refugees

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Kira ◽  
Thomas Templin ◽  
Linda Lewandowski ◽  
Vidya Ramaswamy ◽  
Bulent Ozkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Iraq War ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Iraqi Refugees ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Effects

scholarly journals Understanding the Office: Using Ecological Momentary Assessment to Measure Activities, Posture, Social Interactions, Mood, and Work Performance at the Workplace

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Engelen ◽  
Fabian Held
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Studying the workplace often involves using observational, self-report recall, or focus group tools, which all have their established advantages and disadvantages. There is, however, a need for a readily available, low-invasive method that can provide longitudinal, repeated, and concurrent in-the-moment information to understand the workplace well. In this study, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to collect 508 real-time responses about activities, posture, work performance, social interactions, and mood in 64 adult office workers in three Australian workplaces. The response rate was 53%, and the time to fill out the survey was 50 seconds on average. On average, the participants were sitting, standing, and walking in 84%, 9%, and 7% of survey instances, respectively. The participants reported they were working alone at their desks in 55% of all reported instances. Reported mood varied up to nine points within one person over the course of the post-occupancy observations. EMA can be used to paint a rich picture of occupants’ experiences and perceptions and to gain invaluable understanding of temporal patterns of the workplace, how the space is used, and how aspects of the workplace interact. This information can be used to make improvements to the physical and social workspaces and enhance occupants’ work performance and mood.

scholarly journals The psychological burden experienced by Chinese citizens during the COVID-19 outbreak: prevalence and determinants

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengjia Ren ◽  
Yuchu Zhou ◽  
Yanhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Item Scale

Abstract Background The present study is aims to investigate the prevalence and determinants of depression and anxiety among the general population in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China. Methods A cross-sectional self-report survey methodology was used to gather the following data from Chinese citizens: sociodemographic information, physical and mental health disorder history, daily online time, social media exposure, feeling toward social media exposure, perception of the disease, infection cases in the local area, and previous experiences with stressful life incidents. Levels of anxiety and depression were self-reported employing the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item scale, respectively. Results Among the 6130 participants, the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 7.1 and 12%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that psychological disturbances were associated with gender, people with religious background, being a medical professional, having physical or mental health disease, difficulty accessing medical aids, experience with traumatic incidents, the perceived possibility of sequelae after being cured of COVID-19, daily online time, the source of the information relevant to COVID-19, frequency of receiving information regarding COVID-19, and negative feelings triggered by social media. Conclusions There needs to be a consistent message from authorities to reduce the panic and confusion of the public, and to decrease public exposure to persistently negative information. It is necessary to help people transform their negative experiences into positive changes especially for individuals with physical illness, individuals with mental health disorders, and medical professionals.

scholarly journals Abusive experiences and psychiatric morbidity in women primary care attenders

2003 ◽  
Vol 183 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Coid ◽  
Ann Petruckevitch ◽  
Wai-Shan Chung ◽  
Jo Richardson ◽  
Stirling Moorey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Mental Health Effects

BackgroundAbusive experiences in childhood and adulthood increase risks of psychiatric morbidity in women and independently increase risks of further abuse over the lifetime. It is unclear which experiences are most damaging.AimsTo measure lifetime prevalence of abusive experiences and psychiatric morbidity, and to analyse associations in women primary care attenders.MethodA cross-sectional, self-report survey of 1207 women attending 13 surgeries in the London borough of Hackney, UK. Independent associations between demographic measures, abusive experiences and psychiatric outcome were established using logistic regression.ResultsChildhood sexual abuse had few associations with adult mental health measures, in contrast to physical abuse. Sexual assault in adulthood was associated with substance misuse; rape with anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder but not substance misuse. Domestic violence showed strongest associations with most mental health measures, increased for experiences in the past year.ConclusionsAbuse in childhood and adulthood have differential effects on mental health; effects are increased by recency and severity. Women should be routinely questioned about ongoing and recent experiences as well as childhood.

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