Enhancing HIV Prevention: Social Support, Access to, and Use of HIV Testing, Treatment, and Care Services in Fishing Communities Around Lake Victoria, Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-211
Author(s):  
Christopher Tumwine ◽  
Peter Aggleton ◽  
Stephen Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Care Services ◽  
To Come ◽  
Family Emotional Support ◽  
Depth Interviews

In-depth interviews were conducted with 42 HIV-positive fisherfolk and 15 health care providers to identify experiences of social support and its influence on access to and use of HIV testing, treatment, and care. Fisherfolk participants reported receiving support at some point. Prior to HIV diagnosis, this usually took the form of advice on what illness they were dealing with and remedies to use. After HIV diagnosis and disclosure to friends or family, emotional support enabled fisherfolk to come to terms with an HIV diagnosis, informational support offered guidance on how best to live with HIV, while instrumental support enabled access to relevant HIV services. Finally, affiliative support, in the form of new friends met through HIV clinic visits, provided a sense of belonging. Each of these different kinds of support assisted fisherfolk to respond positively to HIV with important consequences for secondary and tertiary prevention.

scholarly journals Community Integration After Traumatic Brain Injury and Related Factors: A Study in the Nepalese Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 237796082098178
Author(s):  
Sumana Lama ◽  
Jintana Damkliang ◽  
Luppana Kitrungrote
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
High Level

Introduction Community integration is an essential component for rehabilitation among traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors, which yields positive outcomes in terms of social activities, community participation, and productive work. A factor that usually facilitates community integration among TBI survivors is social support, whereas physical environment and fatigue are most often found as barriers. Objectives This study aimed to (1) describe the level of community integration, fatigue, physical environment, and social support of persons after TBI, and (2) examine the relationship between community integration and these three factors. Methods This is a descriptive correlational study. One hundred and twenty TBI survivors living in the communities of Province Number Three, Nepal were enrolled using the stratified sampling technique. The data were collected using the Community Integration Questionnaire, Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, Craig Hospital Inventory of Environmental Factors, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation were used to analyze the data. Results Community integration, fatigue, and physical environment showed a moderate level, while social support revealed a high level. Fatigue was significantly correlated with overall community integration, whereas physical environment was found to correlate with two subscales of community integration, home integration and productive activities. Conclusion To enhance the level of community integration among TBI survivors, health care providers, in particular rehabilitation nurses and community nurses, should plan and implement strategies such as follow-up appointments or continued rehabilitation at home.

Reclaiming and Reshaping Life: Patterns of Reconstruction After the Suicide of a Loved One

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 994-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores Angela Castelli Dransart
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Suicide Survivors ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Life Patterns ◽  
Survivors Of Suicide ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

The objective of this study is to identify patterns (components and processes) of reconstruction of suicide survivors. In-depth interviews were conducted with 50 survivors of suicide in Switzerland. Data were analyzed using ATLAS.ti and according to the Grounded Theory principles. Survivors of suicide face four major challenges: dealing with the impact of suicide, searching for meaning, clarifying responsibility, and finding a personal style of reaction and coping. The various ways in which survivors fare through the specific processes of the challenges result in various patterns of reconstruction: the vulnerability, transformation, commitment, and hard blow. The unique characteristics and dynamics of each of them are highlighted. Health care providers would benefit from an approach based on the dynamics of the various patterns of reconstruction in providing appropriate support to survivors of suicide.

Needs assessment for gender sensitive reproductive health services for adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Rahmanian ◽  
Soheila Nazarpour ◽  
Masoumeh Simbar ◽  
Ali Ramezankhani ◽  
Farid Zayeri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Reproductive Health Care ◽  
Care Services

AbstractBackgroundA dimension of reproductive health services that should be gender sensitive is reproductive health services for adolescents.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess needs for gender sensitive reproductive health care services for adolescents.MethodsThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study on 341 of health care providers for adolescents in health centers and hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran in 2016. The subjects of the study were recruited using a convenience sampling method. The tools for data collection were: (1) a demographic information questionnaire and; (2) a valid and reliable questionnaire to Assess the Needs of Gender-Sensitive Adolescents Reproductive Health Care Services (ANQ-GSARHS) including three sections; process, structure and policy making for the services. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.ResultsThree hundred and forty-one health providers with an average working experience of 8.77 ± 5.39 [mean ± standard deviation (SD)] years participated in the study. The results demonstrated the highest scores for educational needs (92.96% ± 11.49%), supportive policies (92.71% ± 11.70%) and then care needs (92.37% ± 14.34%) of the services.ConclusionsProviding gender sensitive reproductive health care services for adolescents needs to be reformed as regards processes, structure and policies of the services. However, the gender appropriate educational and care needs as well as supportive policies are the priorities for reform of the services.

scholarly journals Mandatory HIV testing in China: the perception of health-care providers

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Zunyou Wu ◽  
Sheng Wu ◽  
Sung-Jae Lee ◽  
Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Hiv Aids

Health-care providers in China are facing an exponential increase in HIV testing and HIV-positive patients. A total of 1101 service providers were recruited to examine attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in China. Logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with providers' attitudes toward mandatory HIV testing. Providers were most likely to endorse mandatory HIV testing for patients with high-risk behaviour and for all patients before surgery. Over 43% of providers endorsed mandatory testing for anyone admitted to hospital. Controlling for demographics, multivariate analyses indicated that providers with higher perceived risk of HIV infection at work, higher general prejudicial attitudes toward PLWHA, and previous contact with HIV patients were more likely to endorse mandatory HIV testing for anyone admitted to hospital. Results underscore the importance of implementing universal precautions in health-care settings and call attention to social and ethical issues associated with HIV/AIDS control and treatment in China.

scholarly journals Acceptability of HPV Vaccine for Males and Preferences for Future Education Programs Among Appalachian Residents

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Reiter ◽  
Benjamin R. Oldach ◽  
Katherine E. Randle ◽  
Mira L. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Potential Barriers ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Appalachian Ohio

Appalachia is a geographic region with several disparities related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, yet little is known about acceptability of HPV vaccine for males among Appalachian residents. HPV vaccine acceptability and preferences for future HPV vaccine education programs were examined among residents of Appalachian Ohio. Focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted with Appalachian Ohio residents between July and October 2011. Participants ( n = 102 from 24 focus groups and 5 in-depth interviews) included four key stakeholder groups: health care providers, community leaders, parents with adolescent sons, and young adult men ages 18 to 26 years. Support for vaccinating males against HPV was high among participants, despite low awareness and knowledge about HPV vaccine for males. Participants reported three categories of potential barriers to vaccinating males against HPV: concerns about vaccine safety and side effects, access to care and vaccination logistics, and gender and cultural issues. Participants reported that HPV vaccine was viewed as being only for females in their communities and that receiving the vaccine may be emasculating or embarrassing to males. Participants suggested that future HPV vaccine education programs mainly target parents, include basic information about HPV-related diseases and HPV vaccine (e.g., number of doses, cost), and present the vaccine as having the potential to prevent cancer (as opposed to preventing genital warts). Acceptability of HPV vaccine for males was high among residents of Appalachian Ohio. Future HPV vaccine education programs in Appalachia should address common potential barriers to vaccination and help destigmatize vaccination among males.

Payment Accuracy in Value-Based Care Contracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mackenzie A ◽  
◽  
Wang J ◽  
Teppema S ◽  
Duncan I ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Model Risk ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Value Based Care ◽  
Stochastic Risk

Reimbursement for health care services is transferring more risk away from payers and toward health care providers in the form of Alternative Payment Models (APMs), also known as Value-Based Care (VBC) models. VBC models cover a wide variety of forms but all include guarantees by providers of services to improve quality of care and/or reduce cost. Types of risk include performance risk, contract design risk or stochastic risk (because of the random variation in health care services and costs). A form of contract risk that can be a significant driver of cost is model risk, defined as the probability that the savings calculated at contract reconciliation will deviate from the actual savings generated. To estimate the degree of risk we quantify the potential variance in outcomes in a naïve population prior to intervention and the components that could affect outcomes, using examples of maternity and type 2 diabetes. This analysis has implications for both participants in, and designers of value-based contracts.

The Experience of Occupational Disruption among Student Musicians

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon McCready ◽  
Denise Reid
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Major Occupation

Student musicians frequently need to take breaks from playing their instruments because of physical playing-related injuries, yet little is known about their experiences with these occupational disruptions. We conducted a qualitative study that explored student musicians' lived experiences with unplanned disruptions stemming from engagement in their major occupation of playing an instrument. In-depth interviews with seven student musicians who attended either a special arts high school or a university were conducted. Consistent with a grounded theory approach to qualitative research, the constant comparative method of qualitative data analysis was implemented. A major finding related to the theme of “being and becoming,” where student musicians expressed a strong sense of belonging to a group of other like musicians who they learned from, relied on for support, and created music with. Another theme was motivation to excel, where students expressed a strong desire and motivation to improve and master their instrument. Occupational tensions and pressures emerged as another theme. Students were aware of the need to practice and the need to care for their bodies. A constant negotiation was required in which students struggled to find a good balance between the need to practice and to respect their bodies while maintaining an identity of a musician. These findings are discussed in relation to how health care providers and educators need to understand the demands and stresses associated with playing an instrument so that they can better support these young musicians.

Umowy o udzielanie świadczeń opieki zdrowotnej zawierane przez Narodowy Fundusz Zdrowia (leczenie w ramach ubezpieczenia zdrowotnego) a leczenie na zasadach komercyjnych. Implikacje prawne i praktyczne

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Paweł Lipowski
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Public Payer ◽  
Universal Health

The aim of this study is to identify the legal characteristics of contracts for the health care services provided by a public payer, i.e. the National Health Fund (NFZ) as part of treatment covered by universal health insurance, as compared to those provided by the health care providers with public or private legal status. This issue is discussed in relation to the legal conditions for the treatment of patients on a commercial basis in those institutions (private or public) which have contracts for the provision of healthcare services under the general health insurance (so-called contracts). The discussion is presented based on author’s own observations, resulting both from his scientific studies in the field of medical law and his work in various entities operating in the health care system.

scholarly journals Quality of antenatal care services in Rwanda: assessing practices of health care providers

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akashi Andrew Rurangirwa ◽  
Ingrid Mogren ◽  
Joseph Ntaganira ◽  
Kaymarlin Govender ◽  
Gunilla Krantz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Services

scholarly journals Computational Audiology: New Approaches to Advance Hearing Health Care in the Digital Age

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Willem Wasmann ◽  
Cris Lanting ◽  
Wendy Huinck ◽  
Emmanuel Mylanus ◽  
Jeroen van der Laak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Shared Data ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Source Models ◽  
Hearing Health ◽  
Improve Access

The global digital transformation enables computational audiology for advanced clinical applications that have the potential to impact the global burden of hearing loss. In this paper we describe emerging hearing-related artificial intelligence applications and argue for their potential to improve access, precision and efficiency of hearing health care services. In addition, we raise awareness of risks that must be addressed to enable a safe digital transformation in audiology. We envision a future where computational audiology is implemented via open-source models using interoperable shared data and where health care providers adopt new roles within a network of distributed expertise. All of this should take place in a health care system where privacy, the responsibility of each stakeholder and, most importantly, the safety and autonomy of patients are all guarded by design.

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