A Study of Temper Embrittlement During Stress Relieving of 5Ni-Cr-Mo-V Steels

2009 ◽  
pp. 20-20-26
Keyword(s):  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Stress Relieving

An assessment of the embrittling effects of certain residual elements in two nuclear pressure vessel steels (A533B, A508)

1980 ◽  
Vol 295 (1413) ◽  
pp. 291-291 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Creep Damage ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Intergranular Embrittlement ◽  
Stress Relieving ◽  
Pressure Vessel Steels ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Residual Elements ◽  
Impurity Elements ◽  
Transition Behaviour

The intergranular embrittlement caused by such impurity elements as P, As, Sn and Sb in ferritic steels can be manifested in several ways: (1) an impairment of toughness or impact transition behaviour (temper embrittlement); (2) a reduction in high temperature ductility and resistance to intergranular failure (creep embrittlement); and (3) degradation in properties at the operating temperature caused by the accumulation of creep damage during a post-weld stress relieving heat treatment (stress relief embrittlement). A detailed study of stress relief embrittlement (s.r.e.) and temper embrittlement (t.e.) in bainitic microstructures representative of those found in weld h.a.zs has been carried out on a number of casts of A533B class 1 (MnMoNi) and A508 class 2 (NiMoCr) steel.

The Use of Vanadium Modified Materials for Reactor Fabrication

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les Antalffy ◽  
Fausto Fusari ◽  
A. Bertoni ◽  
George Miller ◽  
Kenneth Kirkpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Post Weld Heat Treatment ◽  
Notch Toughness ◽  
Hydrogen Attack ◽  
Weld Overlay ◽  
Stress Relieving ◽  
Metal Weld

Vanadium modified 2 1/4Cr-1Mo and 3Cr-1Mo alloys used for the fabrication of hydroprocessing reactors offer a number of important advantages over the corresponding conventional alloys. These include increased resistance to hydrogen attack, a lower susceptibility to temper embrittlement, increased resistance to weld overlay disbonding and higher strength resulting in thinner and lighter reactors. Since the first vanadium modified 3Cr-1Mo reactors first went into service in the early 1990’s, vanadium modified alloys have gained acceptance and today more than one hundred and forty vanadium modified reactors and pressure vessels have been placed in service and are operating in severe process environments. Despite the excellent benefits of these materials, they also exhibit less desirable characteristics such as reduced weldability, higher hardnesses in the base metal, weld metal and heat affected zones and the need for higher post weld heat treatment (PWHT) temperatures. Additionally, these materials have a reduced notch toughness at lower temperatures especially in the as welded condition and require intermediate stress relieving (ISR) in lieu of dehydrogenation treatment (DHT) in restrained and highly stressed joints such as nozzle to shell and head welds. These materials also require extra care and effort to be taken during fabrication. The paper presents a serious weld metal cracking problem that occurred with vanadium modified materials during the installation of a nozzle in a restrained and highly stressed weld when only DHT was performed instead of the more beneficial ISR. This fabrication problem is provided as a typical example of problems that can occur during fabrication with vanadium modified materials, and points out that additional care must be taken during fabrication when using these materials. The paper identifies the main causes for the cracking using information based upon mechanical, metallurgical and stress analyses and suggests steps that may be taken to circumvent similar reoccurrences.

THE EFFECT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATION ON STRESS RELIEVING OF WELDED JOINTS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANILO CESAR DE AZEVEDO MONTEIRO ◽  
Tatiane de Campos Chuvas ◽  
Maria Cindra Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Stress Relieving

SAE 4032

Alloy Digest ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Mills

Abstract SAE 4032 is an alloy steel used extensively in the automobile industry. It combines moderate strength with good toughness in the quenched and tempered condition because it is relatively free from temper embrittlement when tempered in the range 850-1100 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SA-319. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries.

AISI 4140

Alloy Digest ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Aisi 4140

Abstract AISI 4140 is a through-hardening chromium-molybdenum medium carbon steel. It is not subject to temper embrittlement. It is recommended for heavy duty service. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-18. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries. Originally published May 1954, revised September 1988.

AISI 4032

Alloy Digest ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Good Ductility ◽  
Steel Mills

Abstract AISI 4032 is a molybdenum alloy steel of moderate hardenability. It is used extensively in the automotive industry. This steel combines moderate strength and hardness with good ductility and toughness in the quenched-and-tempered condition because it is relatively free from temper embrittlement when tempered in the range 850-1100 F. Among its many uses are nuts, bolts, studs, machinery parts and fasteners for the transportation and other industries. AISI 4032H is a similar steel except that it has a slightly wider range of carbon and manganese. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SA-411. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries.

AISI 4161

Alloy Digest ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Low Alloy Steel ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Hand Tools ◽  
High Hardenability ◽  
Steel Mills

Abstract AISI 4161 is a low-alloy steel of the chromium-molybdenum type; it contains nominally 0.61% carbon. It has relatively high hardenability and good resistance to abrasion, impact and fatigue. It is an oil-hardening grade and is recommended for moderately heavy-duty service. This steel has a relatively low tendency to develop temper embrittlement when tempered in the approximate range 850-1100 F. Among its many applications are springs, machine-tool parts, shafting, gears, bolts and heavy-duty hand tools. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SA-397. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries.

Improvement of resistance to temper embrittlement of 21/4Cr-1Mo steel plates.

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-706
Author(s):  
Mutsuo Nakanishi ◽  
Seiichi Watanabe ◽  
Jun Furusawa
Keyword(s):  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Steel Plates

Temper embrittlement of Ni-Cr steel by Sn

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1059-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Cianelli ◽  
H. C. Feng ◽  
A. H. Ucisik ◽  
C. J. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Temper Embrittlement
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