Effect of Fluoride on Corrosion of Cooling System Metals in Ethylene Glycol-Based Antifreeze/Coolants

2009 ◽  
pp. 77-77-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Aleksei V. Gershun ◽  
Filipe J. Marinho ◽  
Peter M. Woyciesjes
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Cooling System

scholarly journals KRISTALISASI AMMONIUM PERKLORAT (AP) DENGAN SISTEM PENDINGINAN TERKONTROL UNTUK MENGHASILKAN KRISTAL BERBENTUK BULAT

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Pinalia
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Ammonium Perchlorate ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Crystal Shape ◽  
Controlled Cooling ◽  
Slow Cooling ◽  
Two Stages

AP is the solid particles with the largest composition in compossite propellant, with fractions 60-80%. Rounded particles of AP indirectly gives better performance of propellant. Therefore we need experiment the crystallization process to produce rounded AP crystal. In this experiment, crystallization was conducted by using a controlled cooling system. Cooling is done through two stages and using a different coolant. The first stage of slow cooling using water (30°C), and continued rapid cooling with ethylene glycol (-27°C). These experiment generate 45.45 kg AP with a purity 99.67%, 40 mesh crystal size, crystal shape close to round, yield 39.71%. Keywords: Ammonium perchlorate, Crystallization, Rounded crystal

On the Surface Effects of Nanofluids in Cooling-System Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo J. Molina ◽  
Valentin Soloiu ◽  
Mosfequr Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Nanoparticle Deposition ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Wall Materials ◽  
Aluminum Surfaces ◽  
Nano Size ◽  
Size Powder ◽  
Roughness Measurements ◽  
Surface Changes

ABSTRACTNanofluids are nano-size-powder suspensions in liquids that are of interest for their enhanced thermal transport properties. They are studied as promising alternatives as compared to ordinary cooling fluids, but the effects of nanofluids on wall materials are largely unknown. The authors developed an instrument that uses a low-speed jet on material targets to test such effects.The work is presented of the authors’ experimental research on the early interactions of selected nanofluids (2% weight of alumina nanopowders in distilled water, and in solutions of ethylene glycol in water) with aluminum and copper samples as typical cooling-system materials. The observed surface changes (and possible nanoparticle deposition) for test periods as long as 14 hours were assessed by roughness and volumetric-removal wear measurements, and by microscope studies. Comparative roughness measurements indicate that alumina nanofluids in water and ethylene glycol solutions can start surface changes on aluminum surfaces, but show no effects on copper for the same testing conditions. These investigations set a baseline for further research and provide a suitable method for the testing of nanofluids effects in cooling system-materials.

scholarly journals Multi-Response Optimization of Nanofluid-Based I. C. Engine Cooling System Using Fuzzy PIV Method

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Seraj ◽  
Syed Mohd Yahya ◽  
Irfan Anjum Badruddin ◽  
Ali E. Anqi ◽  
Mohammad Asjad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heat Extraction ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Engine Cooling ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Index Value

Effective cooling of the internal combustion (I. C.) engines is of utmost importance for their improved performance. Automotive heat exchangers used as radiator with low efficiency in the industry may pose a serious threat to the engines. Thus, thermal scientists and engineers are always looking for modern methods to boost the heat extraction from the engine. A novel idea of using nanofluids for engine cooling has been in the news for some time now, as they have huge potential because of better thermal properties, strength, compactness, etc. Nanofluids are expected to replace the conventional fluids such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, water etc. due to performance and environmental concerns. Overall performance of the engine cooling system depends on several input parameters and therefore they need to be optimised to achieve an optimum performance. This study is focussed on developing a nanofluid engine cooling system (NFECS) where Al2O3 nanoparticles mixed with ethylene glycol (EG) and water is used as nanofluid. Furthermore, it also explores the effect of four important input parameters of the NFECS i.e., nanofluid inlet temperature, engine load, nanofluid flow rate, and nanoparticle concentration on its five attributes (output responses) viz thermal conductivity of the nanofluid, heat transfer coefficient, viscosity of the nanofluid, engine pumping power required to pump the desired amount of the nanofluid, and stability of the nanofluid. Taguchi’s L18 orthogonal array is used as the design of experiment to collect experimental data. Weighting factors are determined for output responses using the Triangular fuzzy numbers (TFN) and optimal setting of the input parameters is obtained using a novel fuzzy proximity index value (FPIV) method.

scholarly journals Jet-Impingement Effects of Alumina-Nanofluid on Aluminum and Copper

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo J. Molina ◽  
Fnu Aktaruzzaman ◽  
Whitney Stregles ◽  
Valentin Soloiu ◽  
Mosfequr Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Base Fluid ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Jet Impingement ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Cooling Fluid ◽  
Nanosize Powder ◽  
Alumina Nanofluid ◽  
Surface Changes

Nanofluids are nanosize-powder suspensions that are of interest for their enhanced thermal transport properties. They are studied as promising alternatives to ordinary cooling fluids, but the tribiological effects of nanofluids on cooling-system materials are largely unknown. The authors have developed methodology that uses jet impingement on typical cooling-system materials to test such effects. The work is presented of the authors’ research on the interactions of a typical nanofluid (2% volume of alumina nanopowders in a solution of ethylene glycol in water) which is impinged on aluminum and copper specimens for tests as long as 112 hours. The surface changes were assessed by roughness measurements and optical-microscope studies. Comparative roughness indicate that both the reference cooling fluid of ethylene glycol and water and its nanofluid with 2% alumina produce roughness changes in aluminum (even for the shortest 3-hour test), but no significant roughness differences were observed between them. No significant roughness changes were observed for copper. Microscopy observations, however, show different surface modifications in both aluminum and copper by both the nanofluid and its base fluid. The possible mechanisms of early erosion are discussed. These investigations demonstrate suitable methods for the testing of nanofluid effects on cooling system-materials.

Coefficient of Performance of Thermoelectric Cooling on Nanofluids

2013 ◽  
Vol 459 ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
Somchai Maneewan ◽  
Atthakorn Thongtha ◽  
Chantana Punlek
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Input Condition ◽  
Current Input ◽  
Experimental Comparisons

This paper reports on experimental comparisons of coefficient of performance (COP) of a thermoelectric coolingsystem which cooled the hot side of the TEC by water (wc), ethylene glycol (egc) and nanofluids (nfc) The nanofluids is composed of ethylene glycol with silver nano(35 nm).The TEC was composed of the TE cooling modules, heat exchanger, and the air cooled heat sink at the cold side of the TE modules.Experiments were conducted with various current input 1 - 4.5 A to find out the optimum current input condition. To consideration of cooling capacity and COP of system was measured the hot and cold side temperature of TEC. Results shown that, the cooling capacity was increased with current input. The maximum cooling capacity of nfc, egc and wc are about 72, 62 and 41 W, respectively. Considered with highest COP found that the optimum current input is approximately 2.5 A. The maximum COP of nfc, egc and wc are about 2.01, 1.7 and 1.12, respectively. Therefore, the proposed TEC-nfc concept is expected to contribute to wider applications of the TE cooling system.

scholarly journals Analysis of Ethylene Glycol (EG)-based ((Cu-Al2O3), (Cu-TiO2), (TiO2-Al2O3)) Hybrid Nanofluids for Optimal Car Radiator Coolant

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-50
Author(s):  
J. A. Okello ◽  
W. N. Mutuku ◽  
A. O. Oyem
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Shooting Technique ◽  
Linear Ordinary Differential Equations ◽  
Linear Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Hybrid Nanofluids

Coolants are vital in any automotive since they manage the heat in the internal combustion of the engines by preventing corrosion in the cooling system as well as assist in eradicating the engine’s waste heat. This paper examines three different types of ethylene glycol-based hybrid nanofluids ((Cu-Al2O3), (Cu-TiO2), (TiO2-Al2O3)) to establish their cooling capabilities for industrial cooling applications. The vertical flow of these hybrid nanofluids combination through a semi-infinite convectively heated flat plate mimicking the flow of coolant in car radiator is modeled. The governing non-linear partial differential equations of fluid flow are transformed into a system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations using a suitable similarity transformation variables and the numerical solution executed using the shooting technique together with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration scheme. The numerical simulation is executed using MATLAB and results are displayed graphically. The effects of pertinent parameters on velocity, temperature, skin friction, and local Nusselt number are investigated. From the study (Cu-Al2O3  hybrid nanocoolant leads to a rapid decrease in temperature at the boundary layer.

scholarly journals Application of ethylene glycol in ventilation systems with variable air flow

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 09001
Author(s):  
Vitaly Shichkin ◽  
Maria Zherlykina ◽  
Roman Sheps ◽  
Sergey Yaremenko
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Treatment ◽  
Operating Modes

The relevance of the use of ethylene glycol as an intermediate heat carrier in the ventilation system during the treatment of supply air is justified. A description of the operation scheme of a cooling system with an intermediate heat carrier at a variable supply air flow rate is presented. On the Id-diagram of the state of the humid air, the construction of air treatment processes in the central air conditioner for all purposes of the transformed room is performed. The authors have established the need for cooling and dehumidification of the supply air in all operating modes. In order to determine the maximum possible load on the elements of the building’s air conditioning system, the type of room with the highest supply air consumption was selected and the air treatment process was constructed on an Id diagram at different outdoor temperatures. A method for calculating the parameters of the cooling medium is developed and graphs are constructed that allow us to establish the relationship between the parameters of the heat exchange equipment and the purpose of the room. The regularities in the change of the parameters of the heat and cold carrier when regulating the operation of the system depending on the change in the load on it are revealed. The operating ranges of the proposed scheme of air treatment with an intermediate heat carrier in the warm period of the year with variable flow rate of the treated air and various parameters of the outdoor air are given. Based on this, the possibility of creating an algorithm for automating the ventilation system adapted for buildings of cultural and entertainment purposes is justified.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Heat Transfer in an Active Barocaloric Cooling System Using Ethylene-Glycol Based Nanofluids as Secondary Medium

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro Aprea ◽  
Adriana Greco ◽  
Angelo Maiorino ◽  
Claudia Masselli
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Refrigeration Cycle ◽  
Transfer Enhancement

Barocaloric cooling is classified as environmentally friendly because of the employment of solid-state materials as refrigerants. The reference and well-established processes are based on the active barocaloric regenerative refrigeration cycle, where the solid-state material acts both as refrigerant and regenerator; an auxiliary fluid (generally water of water/glycol mixtures) is used to transfer the heat fluxes with the final purpose of subtracting heat from the cold heat exchanger coupled with the cold cell. In this paper, we numerically investigate the effect on heat transfer of working with nanofluids as auxiliary fluids in an active barocaloric refrigerator operating with a vulcanizing rubber. The results reveal that, as a general trend, adding 10% of copper nanoparticles in the water/ethylene-glycol mixture carries to +30% as medium heat transfer enhancement.

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