A Biological Risk Assessment Approach to Establishing Water Quality-Based Effluent Limits

2009 ◽  
pp. 341-341-15
Author(s):  
JA Fava ◽  
RM Kapp ◽  
JJ Gift ◽  
CR Flynn ◽  
JA Del Pup
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
Assessment Approach

Risk assessment approach for untreated wastewater using the QUAL2E water quality model

Chemosphere ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. McAvoy ◽  
P. Masscheleyn ◽  
C. Peng ◽  
S.W. Morrall ◽  
A.B. Casilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Assessment Approach

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Fuzzy Logic-Based Wetland Risk Assessment Approach for the Management of Freshwater Wetland Ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Soleymani Hasani ◽  
Alireza Mojtahedi ◽  
Mir Amir Mohammad Reshadi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Freshwater Wetland ◽  
Wetland Classification ◽  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Health Level ◽  
First Case ◽  
Assessment Approach

Abstract In the present study, a new wetland risk assessment approach based on the fuzzy inference system (FIS) was developed and proposed for the first time to improve the traditional ESCOM's wetland classification and risk assessment index (WCRAI). As two of the twenty-five Iranian wetlands of international importance, the Kani Barazan and Choghakhor wetlands were selected as the study areas due to their significant roles in protecting the biodiversity of their regions. The wetlands are supported by the international Ramsar Convention on Wetlands to mandate and encourage the local authorities for their conservation and sustainable exploitation. In this regard, the Iranian Department of Environment, in cooperation with UNDP/GEF, selected these wetlands to demonstrate new approaches to managing the wetland areas protected by the Conservation of Iranian Wetlands Project (CIWP). A real-time wetland monitoring station with hydrological instruments, including water level, air temperature, air humidity, and water quality multi-parameter sensors recording water temperature, pH, specific conductance, and dissolved oxygen, was implanted at the deepest part of both wetlands. The manual sampling of water quality parameters was also carried out periodically during specific time intervals. The relative importance of the wetland health indicators involved in the FIS was determined using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). In turn, the health level categories of both wetlands were assessed using the traditional and proposed wetland risk assessment approaches. The efficiency of the proposed method was evaluated with the considered scenarios, and it was shown to be a more flexible and appropriate approach for wetland health assessment. Furthermore, the observed differences between the health level categories of the first case study indicated the importance of using the AHP-FIS method to improve the traditional ESCOM's WCRAI.

scholarly journals Biological risk assessment: A challenge for occupational health and safety practitioners during the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Carlos Carvalhais ◽  
Micaela Querido ◽  
Cristiana C. Pereira ◽  
Joana Santos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Qualitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Medium Risk

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 global pandemic brought several challenges to occupational safety and health practice. One of these is the need to (re)assess the occupational risks, particularly, biological risks. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work is to promote guidance to occupational safety and health practitioners when conducting a biological risk assessment in this context. METHODS: The main steps of the biological risk assessment are explained with some inputs regarding the novelty posed by SARS-CoV-2 and an example of a qualitative risk assessment method is presented. Also, its application to two different activities was exemplified. RESULTS: In both cases, the assessment considered that vulnerable workers were working from home or in medical leave. The results showed low or medium risk level for the assessed tasks. For medium risk level, additional controls are advised, such maintain social distancing, sanitize instruments/equipment before use, use proper and well-maintained PPE (when applicable), and promote awareness sessions to spread good practices at work. Employers must be aware of their obligations regarding biological risk assessment and OSH practitioners must be prepared to screen and link the abundance of scientific evidence generated following the outbreak, with the technical practice. CONCLUSIONS: This paper could be an important contribution to OSH practice since it highlights the need to (re)assess occupational risks, especially biological risk, to ensure a safe return to work, providing technical guidance.

Impact of changes of horse movement regulations on the risks of equine infectious anemia: A risk assessment approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 105319
Author(s):  
Gustavo Machado ◽  
Luis Gustavo Corbellini ◽  
Alba Frias-De-Diego ◽  
Gustavo Nogueira Dieh ◽  
Diego Viali dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Dental Settings: Novel Risk Assessment Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6093
Author(s):  
Ali Alsaegh ◽  
Elena Belova ◽  
Yuriy Vasil’ev ◽  
Nadezhda Zabroda ◽  
Lyudmila Severova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Infectious Risk ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak is a public health emergency of international concern, and this emergency led to postponing elective dental care procedures. The postponing aimed to protect the public from an unknown risk caused by COVID-19. At the beginning of the outbreak, for public health authorities, the aerosol-generating procedures and the close proximity between dental care workers and patients in dentistry represented sufficient justification for the delay of dental visits. Dental care is a priority, and for many years, studies have proven that the lack and delay of dental care can cause severe consequences for the oral health of the general population, which can cause a high global burden of oral diseases. Safety is necessary while resuming dental activities, and risk assessment is an efficient method for understanding and preventing the COVID-19 infectious threats facing the dental industry and affecting dental care workers and patients. In this study, for safe dental care delivery, we adapted risk assessment criteria and an approach and an occupational classification system. Based on those tools, we also recommend measures that can help to minimize infectious risk in dental settings.

Active Pharmaceutical Contaminants in Dietary Supplements: a Tier-Based Risk Assessment Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 104955
Author(s):  
Suren B. Bandara ◽  
Ania Urban ◽  
Lisa G. Liang ◽  
Jillian Parker ◽  
Ernest Fung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Pharmaceutical Contaminants ◽  
Assessment Approach

Risk Assessment of Dental Unit Waterline Contamination

2003 ◽  
Vol os10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline L Pankhurst
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Dental Unit Waterlines ◽  
Mycobacterium Spp

Biofilms form rapidly on dental unit waterlines. The majority of the organisms in the biofilm are harmless environmental species, but some dental units may harbour opportunistic respiratory pathogens. This paper describes a risk assessment approach to analysing the hazard from biofilm organisms contaminating dental unit waterlines on the respiratory health of both the dental team and patients. The health risk from the respiratory pathogens Legionella spp, Mycobacterium spp and Pseudomonads was found to be low. Nevertheless, in order to satisfy water regulations and comply with health and safety legislation dentists should institute infection-control measures to maintain the dental unit water at the standard of less than 200 colony-forming units per ml of aerobic bacteria.

Biosafety of Genome Editing Applications in Plant Breeding: Considerations for a Focused Case-Specific Risk Assessment in the EU

BioTech ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Michael F. Eckerstorfer ◽  
Marcin Grabowski ◽  
Matteo Lener ◽  
Margret Engelhard ◽  
Samson Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Gm Plants ◽  
European Court ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Deliberate Release ◽  
Specific Assessment

An intensely debated question is whether or how a mandatory environmental risk assessment (ERA) should be conducted for plants obtained through novel genomic techniques, including genome editing (GE). Some countries have already exempted certain types of GE applications from their regulations addressing genetically modified organisms (GMOs). In the European Union, the European Court of Justice confirmed in 2018 that plants developed by novel genomic techniques for directed mutagenesis are regulated as GMOs. Thus, they have to undergo an ERA prior to deliberate release or being placed on the market. Recently, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published two opinions on the relevance of the current EU ERA framework for GM plants obtained through novel genomic techniques (NGTs). Regarding GE plants, the opinions confirmed that the existing ERA framework is suitable in general and that the current ERA requirements need to be applied in a case specific manner. Since EFSA did not provide further guidance, this review addresses a couple of issues relevant for the case-specific assessment of GE plants. We discuss the suitability of general denominators of risk/safety and address characteristics of GE plants which require particular assessment approaches. We suggest integrating the following two sets of considerations into the ERA: considerations related to the traits developed by GE and considerations addressing the assessment of method-related unintended effects, e.g., due to off-target modifications. In conclusion, we recommend that further specific guidance for the ERA and monitoring should be developed to facilitate a focused assessment approach for GE plants.

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