A Method for Evaluating Effects of Toxic Chemicals on Fish Growth Rates

2009 ◽  
pp. 463-463-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
NO Crossland
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Toxic Chemicals

scholarly journals Managed Wetlands Can Benefit Juvenile Chinook Salmon in a Tidal Marsh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Aha ◽  
Peter B. Moyle ◽  
Nann A. Fangue ◽  
Andrew L. Rypel ◽  
John R. Durand
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Nursery Habitat ◽  
San Francisco Estuary ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

AbstractLoss of estuarine and coastal habitats worldwide has reduced nursery habitat and function for diverse fishes, including juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Underutilized off-channel habitats such as flooded rice fields and managed ponds present opportunities for improving rearing conditions and increasing habitat diversity along migratory corridors. While experiments in rice fields have shown enhanced growth rates of juvenile fishes, managed ponds are less studied. To evaluate the potential of these ponds as a nursery habitat, juvenile Chinook salmon (~ 2.8 g, 63 mm FL) were reared in cages in four contrasting locations within Suisun Marsh, a large wetland in the San Francisco Estuary. The locations included a natural tidal slough, a leveed tidal slough, and the inlet and outlet of a tidally muted managed pond established for waterfowl hunting. Fish growth rates differed significantly among locations, with the fastest growth occurring near the outlet in the managed pond. High zooplankton biomass at the managed pond outlet was the best correlate of salmon growth. Water temperatures in the managed pond were also cooler and less variable compared to sloughs, reducing thermal stress. The stress of low dissolved oxygen concentrations within the managed pond was likely mediated by high concentrations of zooplankton and favorable temperatures. Our findings suggest that muted tidal habitats in the San Francisco Estuary and elsewhere could be managed to promote growth and survival of juvenile salmon and other native fishes.

Retardation and Recovery of Growth in Brook Trout Fry (Salvelinus fontinalis) Exposed for Various Durations to Acidified Water

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2048-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Tam ◽  
P. D. Payson ◽  
R. J. J. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Test Fish ◽  
Neutral Water

Brook trout fry (Salvelinus fontinalis) were exposed to pH 4.66 for various durations up to 141 d and then returned to neutral water. Growth of test fish was in general significantly lower than that of control fish for exposures up to days 45–78. In four of six groups of acid-treated fish, growth eventually recovered and the growth rates were not different from that of control fish. The results suggested that growth inhibition was induced early in the exposure to sublethally low pH and that recovery in the latter phase of the experiment occurred whether pH remained acidic or was readjusted to neutral.

Predator–Prey Relationships for Juvenile Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Feeding on Zooplankton in "in situ" Enclosures

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl K. English
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Juvenile Salmon ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Successful Search ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

Juvenile chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, were raised in 90-m3 mesh enclosures in Saanich Inlet, B.C. The enclosures permitted ample water and zooplankton circulation while retaining 5–6 g juvenile salmon. Mean growth rate was 1.8% wet body weight/d over 6 wk. Weekly growth rates ranged from 3.9%/d while food was abundant, to −0.5%/d when food was scarce. Zooplankton concentration inside and outside enclosures without fish were not significantly different. Organisms associated with the sides of the enclosures (non-pelagic) were not a major contributor to the growth of the juvenile chinook. There was a strong relationship between the fish growth rates and the abundance of 1.4- to 4.5-mm zooplankton. Rates of successful search varied directly with the size and inherent contrast of a prey item. The minimum rate of successful search was 2.3 m3/h for salmon feeding on 1.4- to 4.5-mm zooplankton. This rate of successful search, while far greater than previously suspected, is still within the visual capabilities of the juvenile salmon. The enclosed salmon grew rapidly on zooplankton concentrations that were 1/1000 of those required to sustain similar growth rates in tank experiments.Key words: predator–prey relationship, planktivorous salmonid, marine, "in situ" enclosures, search efficiency

scholarly journals Impact of Feed Rations on Growth, Selected Body Parameters and Maturation of Vendace, Coregonus Albula L., Reared in RAS

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Bożena Szczepkowska ◽  
Mirosław Szczepkowski ◽  
Iwona Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Coregonus Albula ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Mature Fish ◽  
Final Survival ◽  
Body Parameters ◽  
Commercial Size

Abstract Vendace, Coregonus albula L., was reared to commercial size in a recirculating system. Three different feed rations were applied during the ten-month-long experiment. The feed rations impacted fish growth rates, and fish in the different groups achieved body weights of 26.6 g to 57.5 g. The final survival in all groups was similar from 44.3% among the fish fed the smallest feed ration to 53.2% in the group receiving the largest feed ration. No differences were noted in the share of viscera, peritoneal fat, or in the hepatosomatic indexes, but there were differences in the gonadosomatic indexes. After thermal stimulation, only males achieved sexual maturity. The number of mature fish was similar in all groups and ranged from 17.8 to 21.3% of all fish. The results of the present study indicated that vendace can achieve commercial size in an intensive rearing period of ten months in RAS.

Fish growth and degree-days II: selecting a base temperature for an among-population study

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1303-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle A. Chezik ◽  
Nigel P. Lester ◽  
Paul A. Venturelli
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Thermal Range ◽  
Lower Temperature Threshold ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Statistical Artifact

The degree-day (DD) is a method of describing the thermal opportunity for growth and development and is becoming increasingly popular when comparing fish growth over large spatial scales (e.g., counter-gradient growth). Temperatures too cold to permit growth are excluded in the DD equation by incorporating a lower temperature threshold (To). However, there is no convention for choosing To, and unknown is the effect of an incorrect To on how growth is perceived. We simulate data to demonstrate how an incorrect To may lead to differences in temperature-corrected growth rates among populations. These differences increase with the error in To and the thermal range among simulated populations. We then show the same relationships in an analysis of length-at-age data from 81 walleye (Sander vitreus) populations in North America. Together, our results demonstrate that differences in temperature-corrected growth rates among populations can be a statistical artifact rather than a biological phenomenon, especially when populations are distributed over a large thermal gradient.

Response of a Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) Population to a Reduction in Stream Benthos Following an Insecticide Treatment

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1387-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Kreutzweiser
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Invertebrate Drift ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Forest Stream ◽  
Aquatic Food

A forest stream was treated with permethrin to determine the response of brook trout to a reduction in the aquatic food resource following an insecticide treatment. The treatment resulted in massive invertebrate drift and significant reductions of benthos, but did not produce trout mortality or evidence of unusual behaviour. The density, population age structure, movement patterns, and condition of brook trout were not measurably affected by the permethrin treatment. The growth rates of 0 + and 1 + age-classes were significantly lower following the insecticide application than those of trout from the same age-classes of pretreatment years. This reduction in growth rate resulted in significantly smaller trout after treatment. A significant reduction in the growth of trout collected during the same period from a nearby untreated control stream indicated that unusually high summer temperatures were at least partially, if not entirely, responsible for the reduced growth rate of treated fish. Growth rates returned to or exceeded pretreatment levels by the overwinter period of the treatment year.

scholarly journals Once upon a larva: revisiting the relationship between feeding success and growth in fish larvae

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Pepin ◽  
Dominique Robert ◽  
Caroline Bouchard ◽  
John F. Dower ◽  
Marianne Falardeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Feeding Success

Abstract Variations in larval fish growth rates are largely the result of variability in biotic and abiotic characteristics of the feeding environment experienced by each individual. An assessment of an individual's overall feeding success (i.e. accumulation of utilizable organic matter) can best be achieved at the time of capture when the relationships among environment, short-term feeding success as defined by gut content and long-term feeding success as defined by accumulated growth can be contrasted. Here, we investigated the relationships between average growth, feeding success, and variability in individual growth and feeding rates across a range of taxa based on a synthesis of studies in which stomach content and otolith growth were measured in the same individuals. Instantaneous measures of feeding success were highly variable and demonstrated a positive yet somewhat limited association with growth rates across all taxa. The strength of the feeding-growth relationships among taxa, and cohorts within taxa, was reflected in the autocorrelation of individual growth rates, suggesting that stable growth was achieved through consistent feeding success. However, when viewed at the individual level, faster growth was achieved in individuals with more variable growth rates, and by inference more variable past feeding success. The dichotomy in these underlying relationships may point to the importance of stochastic events in the development of exceptional individuals in a population, and may be linked to how surplus energy is allocated to individual growth rates. The positive correlation found between feeding success and growth in all taxa is consistent with the growth-survival paradigm for the larval stage of fish. However, both the correlation between feeding success and growth and the serial correlation of growth time-series was greatest in fast-growing species, suggesting that the potential for an early “critical period” regulating survival varies among species, reaching a maximum in fast-growing fish.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF AN INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE~ OLERICULTURE SYSTEM AS INFLUENCED BY COMPONENT RATIO

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151F-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark McMurtry ◽  
Douglas Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Fish Biomass ◽  
Component Ratio ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Integrated Aquaculture

Fish and vegetable production were linked in a recirculating water system. Hybrid tilapia were grown in tanks and fed a commercial feed. Tomato or cucumber were grown in sand biofilters associated with each tank. Four tank to biofilter volume ratios, ranging from 1:0.67 to 1:2.25, were studied by varying the biofilter size. Plant populations were directly proportional to biofilter volume and surface irrigated 8 times daily with aquacultural `waste' water, Biofilter drainage returned to the fish tanks by gravity. Each system received identical nutrient inputs and plants received equal water. Biological filtration, aeration, and mineral assimilation by plants maintained water quality under rapid fish growth rates. Dissolved oxygen levels, make-up water, fish biomass increase and growth rates increased with biofilter volume. Total fruit yield increased but yield per plant decreased with increasing biofilter volume. Caloric content of the increase in fish biomass per liter of total water decreased white that of tomato increased with increasing biofilter volume. Calories in the combined yields per liter of water used did not differ by treatment. Total protein production per liter of water used decreased with increasing biofilter volume. Both caloric value and protein production in the combined outputs increased with biofilter volume irrespective of water consumption. Annualized economic value from the combined fish and `Laura' tomato production per composite unit area ranged from $98 to $124 m-2 with decreasing tank to biofilter ratio.

A Multilevel Modeling Approach to Assessing Regional and Local Landscape Features for Lake Classification and Assessment of Fish Growth Rates

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 437-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Wagner ◽  
Mary T. Bremigan ◽  
Kendra Spence Cheruvelil ◽  
Patricia A. Soranno ◽  
Nancy A. Nate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Lake Classification
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