Performance of Portable Automatic Wastewater Composite Sample Collectors

2009 ◽  
pp. 2-2-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Keffer
Keyword(s):  
Composite Sample

scholarly journals SiO2 Nanoparticles Derived from Arundo Donax L. Ash Composite with TiO2 Semiconductor for Efficient Photocatalytic Dye Reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
EASWARAN G ◽  
VIJAYAN M ◽  
SIVAKUMAR K
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Arundo Donax ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
Arundo Donax L

Abstract In this report, the biomass derived silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles composite with titanium dioxide (TiO2) semiconductors used as efficient photocatalyst for degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye molecules under UV-visible light irradiation is proclaimed. At first SiO2 derived from Arundo donax L. ash and TiO2 synthesized using titanium (IV) isopropoxide by co-precipitation method and then their different compositions prepared by wet impregnation method were exampled to various optical and atomic level fundamental studies. The amorphous and crystalline nature of SiO2 and TiO2 ratify from XRD and here it is found that the crystalline nature decreased in their compositions as compared to TiO2. 293 nm UV photons harvesting SiO2 observed which could be due to more impurity states presence on surface is further accomplished red shift after composition with TiO2 lead to moving photons harvesting nature towards visible region. The band gap increases in SiO2/TiO2 composites as for TiO2 composition is rapport well with the aforementioned redshift value. Out of all samples the low recombination rate is procured in 50 wt% SiO2/50 wt% TiO2 composite sample. The separated ~ 100–200 nm sized TiO2 nanoparticle and aggregated tiny SiO2 nanoparticles availability in composite sample is authentically substantiated from electron microscopic studies. The presence of Si, O and Ti elements in composite samples probed by XPS. Following the fundamental studies, the photocatalytic degradation ability of the as-prepared samples has been scrutinized against the degradation of Rh B dye in which the pronounced photocatalytic degradation efficiency 93.7% is successfully achieved on 50 wt% SiO2/50 wt% TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst.

Natural Aerobic Degradation of Polylactic Acid (Composites) with Natural Fiber Additives

2018 ◽  
Vol 919 ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Prusek ◽  
Martin Boruvka ◽  
Petr Lenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Aerobic Degradation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Natural Degradation

This paper deals with natural degradation of PLA (polylactic acid) composites with natural fiber reinforcement in non-simulated conditions. Composite material was made of PLA and 6 different types of biodegradable fibers. Fibers made from pulp, wool, bamboo, soya, flax and hemp. All samples had 20% volume of fibers. Three of each composite sample were placed in compost (aerobic surrounding) for 72 weeks. All samples were examined at the beginning every 2 weeks to observe if the degradation process occurred and all samples were examined at the end of 72 weeks period to observe results of degradation of each composite material.

The Use of Froth Flotation for Selective Separation of Plastic Wastes from Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Kofi Moro ◽  
Dorothy A. Dechie
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Selective Separation ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Selective Separations

  The Use of Froth Flotation for Selective Separation of Plastic Wastes from Soil   Kofi Moro and Dorothy A. Dechie   Abstract — In recycling of plastics, unless the goal is to form composites or materials having special properties, it is not advisable to mix plastics of different kinds because of the differences in their molecular weights and chain lengths. Hence, there is the need to separate these plastics when they are mixed before recycle can be done. This project investigated the selective separation of Polypropylene (PP), Polystyrene (PS) and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics out of soils using froth flotation. Pulverized samples were prepared from post-consumer plastic sources (PP, PS and PET) and soil and mixed uniformly to form a composite sample. The composite sample was subjected to froth flotation. Two tests were performed. A first test, where there was no addition of a depressant (tannic acid), and a second test, where there was addition of tannic acid to depress some of the plastics in order to selectively separate them. Recoveries from each test work indicated that, plastics are naturally hydrophobic and can be floated out of soils without modifying their surface properties. However, selective separations of the plastics were achieved when tannic acid was used to modify the surface properties of the plastic types.

Aflatoxin Contamination of Maize Meal Sold and Consumed in the Three Main Cities of North-Kivu Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kavugho Muvunga Gloire ◽  
Jasper K. Imungi ◽  
Lucy Njue
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
The North ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Maize Meal ◽  
Open Markets ◽  
North Kivu ◽  
Composite Samples

This study aimed to determine the incidence of aflatoxin contamination of maize meal in the North-Kivu province of D.R.C. The study was conducted in the Beni, Goma and Butembo, the major cities of the North-Kivu province of D.R.C. A multi-stage sampling was applied in all the cities. A total of 30 samples of maize grains were collected. In each city, five principal open markets were considered and in each, sixteen vendors were chosen randomly. From them, two composite samples of 1.5 kg each of maize grains were collected, there by subdividing randomly the sixteen vendors in two groups of eight vendors. Each composite sample of maize grains collected from eight vendors was milled and then a final composite sample of maize meal of one kilogram was taken for laboratory analysis. 25 samples (10 from Beni, 10 from Goma and 5 from Butembo) where milled raw, while 5 other samples from Butembo where grilled before and then where milled. All the samples were analyzed for total aflatoxins using ELISA Kit method according to the manufacturer. Data were subjected to one way ANOVA using Genstat® Discovery 13thEdition at 95% confidence interval (P≤ 0.05). Variable means for measurements showing significant differences in the ANOVA were compared using the LSD. Values were judged to be significantly different by LSD if P< 0.05. The mean levels of aflatoxins in all the maize meals collected in the 3 cities are above 10ppb, the acceptable level of aflatoxins in maize meals for human consumption. The means range between 18.34 and 20.98 ppb, the highest level being in samples collected in Goma city. These results confirm the statement that the maize consumers in all the 3 cities (Beni, Goma and Butembo) are exposed to aflatoxin-contamination as the consumed maize meals are contaminated with aflatoxin at levels surpassing the limits. However, Goma city is highly exposed to aflatoxin contamination.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Multiple-Sample Means with Composite Sample Results for Fecal Indicator Bacteria by Quantitative PCR and Culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (19) ◽  
pp. 7166-7169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reagan R. Converse ◽  
Larry J. Wymer ◽  
Alfred P. Dufour ◽  
Timothy J. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Composite Sampling ◽  
Multiple Sample

ABSTRACTFew studies have addressed the efficacy of composite sampling for measuring indicator bacteria by quantitative PCR (qPCR). We compared results from composited samples with multiple-sample means for culture- and qPCR-based water quality monitoring. Results from composited samples for both methods were similarly correlated to multiple-sample means and predicted criteria exceedances equally.

scholarly journals AN ESTIMATION OF THE VARIABILITY IN THE COMPOSITION OF ORTS FROM FEEDING TRIALS WITH LACTATING COWS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-131
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Forage Mixtures

A total of 320 samples of feed refusals (orts) were obtained from 16 cows fed four different forage mixtures. These samples of orts were analyzed for dry matter, protein, acid detergent fiber and lignin. The observations on amount of orts expressed as kilograms of dry matter or percent of intake and the chemical composition of orts were statistically analyzed to determine differences between cows and rations. Regression analyses were run to determine the influence of amount of weighback on its chemical composition. Analyses of the data indicated that there were differences between rations in the degree of selection that cows exhibited for protein and for acid detergent fiber. These data indicated that there are substantial differences among cows in their ability to select components of a mixed silage ration. The results of this study demonstrated the need to obtain individual weighback samples for each cow on a feeding trial rather than obtaining a composite sample. It was suggested that the feeding of complete feeds to lactating cows may not necessarily result in a uniform consumption of nutrients.

Study on Preparation and Impact Performance of the Aluminium Foam Reinforced by ZrO2 Spheres

2011 ◽  
Vol 704-705 ◽  
pp. 1029-1034
Author(s):  
Jian Guo Wu ◽  
Lu Cai Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Hardness ◽  
Hopkinson Bar ◽  
Aluminium Foam ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
The Press

The aluminium foam can be reinforced by compositing high hardness ZrO2 ceramic spheres. On the condition of preparing the precursor composed of the salt particals and ceramic spheres, the sample of composite aluminium foam is parpared by the press casting infiltration process.By the Hopkinson Bar hopkinson bar experiment, the result shows the composite sample holded the better impact performance than the aluminium foam .All of these should establish a basement to promote the deeper study and developmenter of composite foamed material.

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