A Multidecade Trend-Monitoring Program for Chesapeake Bay, A Temperate East Coast Estuary

2008 ◽  
pp. 91-91-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Mountford ◽  
GB Mackiernan
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Trend Monitoring

Oyster fishery in Rappahannock River, Chesapeake Bay, USA, East Coast

2017 ◽  
pp. 206-219
Author(s):  
George Santopietro ◽  
Kurt Stephenson ◽  
James Wesson
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
East Coast

scholarly journals A survey of the antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from Sable Island horses

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Timonin ◽  
J. Poissant ◽  
P.D. McLoughlin ◽  
C.E. Hedlin ◽  
J.E. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Total Population ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Isolated Population ◽  
Feral Horses ◽  
Minimal Contact

The feral horses of Sable Island are a geographically isolated population located ∼160 km off the east coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. Because these horses have no contact with domestic animals, have minimal contact with people, and have never received antimicrobials, they offer a unique opportunity to study the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in unmanaged populations. As part of an ongoing multidisciplinary and individual-based monitoring program, we collected feces from 508 geolocalized horses (92% of the total population) between July and September 2014. We selectively cultured Escherichia coli on MacConkey and CHROMagar ESBL media. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined, and organisms resistant to β-lactam antimicrobials were screened for β-lactamase genes by PCR. Escherichia coli was recovered from 146 (28.7%) individuals, and the majority of isolates (97%) were susceptible to all drugs tested. Resistance to tetracycline was most common, including organisms isolated from 4 (2.7%) of the colonized horses. A single isolate resistant to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and ceftiofur was identified, which possessed the CTX-M-1 gene. Our findings demonstrate that although antimicrobial resistance is not common in this remote population, clinically relevant resistance genes are present.

scholarly journals COMPREHENSIVE MONITORING OF A BEACH RESTORATION PROJECT

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
O.H. Shemdin ◽  
H.K. Brooks ◽  
Z. Ceylanli ◽  
S.L. Harrell
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
Beach Nourishment ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Littoral Drift ◽  
Restoration Project ◽  
Two Stages

This paper outlines the results obtained from monitoring the Beach Nourishment Project at Jupiter Island, Florida. Jupiter Island is a 16 mile long barrier island on the east coast of Florida. Five miles of the beach were nourished in two stages in 1973 and 1974. A total of 3.4 million cubic yards of sand were dredged from an offshore borrow area and placed on the beach. The monitoring program included: seasonal hydrographic surveys of beach and offshore profile to 3000 feet offshore; climatological monitoring of wind, waves, tides and currents over a oneyear period; tracer and dye studies; and sand sampling and coring at selected beach and offshore locations. The results indicate that beach restoration has a groin effect in the sense of producing favorable changes in littoral drift due to shore alignment changes. A net accretion updrift of the restored area occurs. The results demonstrate the importance of the offshore profile in accounting for the total sedimentary balance. Shoreline recession coupled by a build up in the offshore profile may reflect accretion rather than erosion. Finally, the results show that the littoral drift formula using the wave climate as input provides inadequate prediction estimates for erosion or deposition following construction of a beach restoration project.

scholarly journals Field Validation of the Southern Rock Lobster Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Monitoring Program in Tasmania, Australia

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Alison Turnbull ◽  
Juan José Dorantes-Aranda ◽  
Tom Madigan ◽  
Jessica Jolley ◽  
Hilary Revill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Rock Lobster ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish Toxins ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish ◽  
Lobster Fishery

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) are found in the hepatopancreas of Southern Rock Lobster Jasus edwardsii from the east coast of Tasmania in association with blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. Tasmania’s rock lobster fishery is one of the state’s most important wild capture fisheries, supporting a significant commercial industry (AUD 97M) and recreational fishing sector. A comprehensive 8 years of field data collected across multiple sites has allowed continued improvements to the risk management program protecting public health and market access for the Tasmanian lobster fishery. High variability was seen in toxin levels between individuals, sites, months, and years. The highest risk sites were those on the central east coast, with July to January identified as the most at-risk months. Relatively high uptake rates were observed (exponential rate of 2% per day), similar to filter-feeding mussels, and meant that lobster accumulated toxins quickly. Similarly, lobsters were relatively fast detoxifiers, losing up to 3% PST per day, following bloom demise. Mussel sentinel lines were effective in indicating a risk of elevated PST in lobster hepatopancreas, with annual baseline monitoring costing approximately 0.06% of the industry value. In addition, it was determined that if the mean hepatopancreas PST levels in five individual lobsters from a site were <0.22 mg STX equiv. kg−1, there is a 97.5% probability that any lobster from that site would be below the bivalve maximum level of 0.8 mg STX equiv. kg−1. The combination of using a sentinel species to identify risk areas and sampling five individual lobsters at a particular site, provides a cost-effective strategy for managing PST risk in the Tasmanian commercial lobster fishery.

scholarly journals Holocene sea-level variability from Chesapeake Bay Tidal Marshes, USA

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1679-1693
Author(s):  
Thomas M Cronin ◽  
Megan K Clevenger ◽  
Neil E Tibert ◽  
Tammy Prescott ◽  
Michael Toomey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Tidal Marshes ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
Global Mean Sea Level

We reconstructed the last 10,000 years of Holocene relative sea-level rise (RSLR) from sediment core records near Chesapeake Bay, eastern United States, including new marsh records from the Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers, Virginia. Results show mean RSLR rates of 2.6 mm yr−1 from 10 to 8 kilo-annum (ka) due to combined final ice-sheet melting during deglaciation and glacio-isostatic adjustment (GIA subsidence). Mean RSLR rates from ~6 ka to present were 1.4 mm yr−1 due mainly to GIA, consistent with other East Coast marsh records and geophysical models. However, a progressively slower mean rate (<1.0 mm yr−1) characterized the last 1000 years when a multi-century-long period of tidal marsh development occurred during the ‘Medieval Climate Anomaly’ (MCA) and ‘Little Ice Age’ (LIA) in the Chesapeake Bay region and other East Coast marshes. This decrease was most likely due to climatic and glaciological processes and, correcting for GIA, represents a fall in global mean sea level (GMSL) near the end of Holocene Neoglacial cooling. These pre-historical climate- and GIA-driven Chesapeake Bay sea-level changes contrast sharply with those based on Chesapeake Bay tide-gauge rates (3.1–4.5 mm yr−1) (back to 1903). After subtracting the GIA subsidence component, these rates can be attributed to long-term (millennial) global factors of accelerated ocean thermal expansion (~1.0 mm yr−1) and mass loss from alpine glaciers and Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets (1.5–2.0 mm yr−1).

Hudson River Fishes and their Environment

2006 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Juvenile Abundance ◽  
Bay Anchovy

<em>Abstract.</em>—We review three areas of recent research on Hudson River bay anchovy <em>Anchoa mitchilli</em>. One focus has been the along-estuary movement of early life stages. A cohort analysis of samples collected in a spatiotemporally extensive monitoring program confirmed that early-stage anchovy migrate upestuary at an estimated rate of 0.6 km/d. Complementary fine-scale field sampling found that early-stage anchovy can show preferences for depth and can conduct periodic vertical migration. To determine whether these behaviors were sufficient to produce up-estuary migration, larval flux and velocity were estimated. These estimates were consistent with local retention rather than concerted migration. High priority should be given to examining individual migration histories through analysis of otolith microchemistry. A second focus of research on Hudson anchovy has been on local population structure, permitting comparison to anchovy in other locations. Anchovy that spawn in the Hudson River are larger than those spawning in the Chesapeake Bay region and are mostly 2 years old, whereas yearlings predominate in other estuaries. Batch fecundity was lower and egg mortality higher in the Hudson River than in Chesapeake Bay. A key issue arising from these recent findings is the degree to which the Hudson anchovy pool is connected with other large anchovy pools, such as Narragansett Bay and Chesapeake Bay. A third focus of research on Hudson anchovy has been interannual variability in early-stage abundance. A more than 20-year time series of juvenile bay anchovy abundance shows that juvenile abundance has varied over one order of magnitude. There has been no significant change in abundance over the entire time series, but abundance has declined 10-fold since a peak in the late 1980s. Anchovy abundance was negatively associated with the abundance of early-stage striped bass <em>Morone saxatilis </em>and positively associated with the abundance of early-stage Atlantic tomcod <em>Microgadus tomcod</em>. We suggest that these associations reflect direct interactions among the species and urge further work on the ecological role of striped bass in the estuary.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document