Effects of Adhesive Thickness, Open Time, and Surface Cleanness on the Peel Strength of Adhesive-Bonded Seams of EPDM Rubber Roofing Membrane

2009 ◽  
pp. 21-21-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Watanabe ◽  
WJ Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Peel Strength ◽  
Epdm Rubber ◽  
Open Time ◽  
Adhesive Thickness

scholarly journals Enhancement of Adhesion between EPDM and Polyester Fabric by Using Natural Rubber Modified by Maleic Anhydride

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. El-Wakil
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Polyester Fabric ◽  
Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer ◽  
Epdm Rubber ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Coated Fabric ◽  
The Stability

This study presents a new method for improving adhesion between ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber and polyester fabric. In this work, natural rubber was modified by maleic anhydride in order to improve the adhesion force between ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and polyester fabric. The effect of thermal aging and ionizing radiation on the stability of the rubber mix as well as on the peel strength of the rubber-coated fabric was investigated. It was observed that the natural rubber modified by maleic anhydride improved the peel strength of the EPDM rubber-coated polyester fabric.

scholarly journals Gating of Na channels in the rat cortical collecting tubule: effects of voltage and membrane stretch.

1996 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
L G Palmer ◽  
G Frindt
Keyword(s):  
Voltage Dependence ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Na Channels ◽  
Patch Clamp Technique ◽  
Open Time ◽  
Collecting Tubule ◽  
Excised Patches ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cortical Collecting Tubule

The gating kinetics of apical membrane Na channels in the rat cortical collecting tubule were assessed in cell-attached and inside-out excised patches from split-open tubules using the patch-clamp technique. In patches containing a single channel the open probability (Po) was variable, ranging from 0.05 to 0.9. The average Po was 0.5. However, the individual values were not distributed normally, but were mainly < or = 0.25 or > or = 0.75. Mean open times and mean closed times were correlated directly and inversely, respectively, with Po. In patches where a sufficient number of events could be recorded, two time constants were required to describe the open-time and closed-time distributions. In most patches in which basal Po was < 0.3 the channels could be activated by hyperpolarization of the apical membrane. In five such patches containing a single channel hyperpolarization by 40 mV increased Po by 10-fold, from 0.055 +/- 0.023 to 0.58 +/- 0.07. This change reflected an increase in the mean open time of the channels from 52 +/- 17 to 494 +/- 175 ms and a decrease in the mean closed time from 1,940 +/- 350 to 336 +/- 100 ms. These responses, however, could not be described by a simple voltage dependence of the opening and closing rates. In many cases significant delays in both the activation by hyperpolarization and deactivation by depolarization were observed. These delays ranged from several seconds to several tens of seconds. Similar effects of voltage were seen in cell-attached and excised patches, arguing against a voltage-dependent chemical modification of the channel, such as a phosphorylation. Rather, the channels appeared to switch between gating modes. These switches could be spontaneous but were strongly influenced by changes in membrane voltage. Voltage dependence of channel gating was also observed under whole-cell clamp conditions. To see if mechanical perturbations could also influence channel kinetics or gating mode, negative pressures of 10-60 mm Hg were applied to the patch pipette. In most cases (15 out of 22), this maneuver had no significant effect on channel behavior. In 6 out of 22 patches, however, there was a rapid and reversible increase in Po when the pressure was applied. In one patch, there was a reversible decrease. While no consistent effects of pressure could be documented, membrane deformation could contribute to the variation in Po under some conditions.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Surface Treatments for Adhesion of Polyimide Thin Films

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Marco Cen-Puc ◽  
Andreas Schander ◽  
Minerva G. Vargas Gleason ◽  
Walter Lang
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Oxygen Plasma ◽  
Reactive Ion Etching ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Oxygen Plasma Treatment ◽  
Polyimide Films ◽  
Ion Etching

Polyimide films are currently of great interest for the development of flexible electronics and sensors. In order to ensure a proper integration with other materials and PI itself, some sort of surface modification is required. In this work, microwave oxygen plasma, reactive ion etching oxygen plasma, combination of KOH and HCl solutions, and polyethylenimine solution were used as surface treatments of PI films. Treatments were compared to find the best method to promote the adhesion between two polyimide films. The first selection of the treatment conditions for each method was based on changes in the contact angle with deionized water. Afterward, further qualitative (scratch test) and a quantitative adhesion assessment (peel test) were performed. Both scratch test and peel strength indicated that oxygen plasma treatment using reactive ion etching equipment is the most promising approach for promoting the adhesion between polyimide films.

Ultrasonic properties of ENR-EPDM rubber blends

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham A. Afifi ◽  
Ahmed M. El Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Properties ◽  
Epdm Rubber ◽  
Rubber Blends

scholarly journals Theoretical and experimental characterization for macro-micro friction behaviors of EPDM rubber

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 107213
Author(s):  
Chuanbing Zhang ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Fei Teng ◽  
Benlong Su ◽  
Youshan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Epdm Rubber
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