Methodology for Evaluation of Glyphosate Formulations

2009 ◽  
pp. 294-294-10
Author(s):  
H de Ruiter ◽  
E Meinen ◽  
AJM Uffing
Keyword(s):  
Glyphosate Formulations

Foliar absorption of some glyphosate formulations and their efficacy on plants

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poul E. Laerke ◽  
Jens C. Streibig
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Absorption ◽  
Glyphosate Formulations

scholarly journals Impacts of three glyphosate formulations on gonadal development of Xenopus laevis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 239784732110314
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun O Babalola ◽  
J Christoff Truter ◽  
Johannes H van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Amphibian Declines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pesticide Pollution ◽  
Glyphosate Formulations

The emergence of widespread morphological malformations in the reproductive system of wildlife is generating increasing concerns. This concern is because the observed malformities may be linked to pollution by pesticides and other chemicals. The amphibian declines, for example, have been linked to pesticide pollution among other factors. Using an extended Xenopus Metamorphosis Assay protocol, until the tadpoles metamorphosized, the exposure impacts of three glyphosate formulations, namely, Roundup, Kilo Max and Enviro Glyphosate, were assessed on the reproductive system of Xenopus laevis, vis-a-vis the body mass, sex ratios and morphological malformations as endpoints. The exposure concentrations ranged between 0.2–0.6 mg/L, 0.9–28 mg/L and 90–280 mg/L for Roundup, Enviro Glyphosate, and Kilo Max, respectively. Both Kilo Max and Enviro Glyphosate formulations significantly reduced the body mass of the metamorphs compared to the control. In sex ratios, only Kilo Max altered the percentage sex ratio of the treated frogs at a ratio of 68:32 (F:M) compared to 50:50 ratio in the control. In reproductive malformations, the three formulations showed abnormality index range of 22.3–49%, 17.5–37.5% and 20–30% for the Kilo Max, Enviro Glyphosate and Roundup formulations, respectively, compared to 7.5% in the control. Observed reproductive malformations include mixed sex, translucence, aplasia, segmented hypertrophy and segmented aplasia and translucence. This result indicates that some of the glyphosate formulations have the capacity to cause widespread reproductive malformations in a way that could reduce the reproductive fitness of the amphibian. Care must therefore be taken to reduce the application rate of these formulations, particularly in aquatic environments.

scholarly journals Detection of the desiccant and plant growth regulator chlormequat in honeybees and comb pollen

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 596-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Erban ◽  
L. Trojakova ◽  
M. Kamler ◽  
D. Titera
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Triple Quadrupole ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Glyphosate Formulations

We here describe the results of the investigation of a honeybee hive that exhibited symptoms of poisoning in the July 2013. During the summer, only a few pesticides such as desiccants, typically quaternary ammonium (quat) and glyphosate formulations, are applied. We therefore analysed samples of not only a wide range of pesticides, but also desiccants. Additionally, we analysed dying honeybees, already dead individuals and comb pollen from the case hive. The LC-MS/MS (triple quadrupole) analysis of glyphosate-based quaternary ammonium pesticides (quats) and a wide range of 148 other pesticides allowed identification of 23 different pesticides in the samples: (I) two quats, (II) twelve fungicides, (III) four insecticides, (IV) four herbicides and (V) one rodenticide. The plant growth regulator chlormequat was the pesticide identified in the highest amounts and was present in all of the analysed samples (bees and pollen). However, it is regarded as being practically non-toxic to honeybees. In summary, this manuscript describes the detection of quat in honeybees and pollen.

Ecotoxicological effects of different glyphosate formulations

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sihtmäe ◽  
I. Blinova ◽  
K. Künnis-Beres ◽  
L. Kanarbik ◽  
M. Heinlaan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecotoxicological Effects ◽  
Glyphosate Formulations

Glyphosate Formulations on Nutritional Condition and Productivity of Roundup Ready Soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (18) ◽  
pp. 2119-2125
Author(s):  
Clebson G Gonçalves ◽  
Marcelo R Dos Reis ◽  
Gil R Dos Santos ◽  
Éder Matsuo ◽  
Ronaldo M Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Condition ◽  
Roundup Ready ◽  
Roundup Ready Soybean ◽  
Glyphosate Formulations

Effects of glyphosate formulations on the population dynamics of two freshwater cladoceran species

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 784-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Reno ◽  
S. R. Doyle ◽  
F. R. Momo ◽  
L. Regaldo ◽  
A. M. Gagneten
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Glyphosate Formulations

Efficacy of Glyphosate Plus Bentazon or Quizalofop on Glyphosate-Resistant Canola or Corn

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Tao ◽  
Jingkai Zhou ◽  
Calvin G. Messersmith ◽  
John D. Nalewaja
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Cationic Surfactant ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Wild Buckwheat ◽  
Silicone Surfactant ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Petroleum Oil ◽  
Glyphosate Formulations

Greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effect of glyphosate on efficacy of bentazon for glyphosate-resistant (GR) canola control and of quizalofop for GR corn control. Control also was evaluated for glyphosate plus bentazon on wild buckwheat and wheat and glyphosate plus quizalofop on velvetleaf. Glyphosate plus bentazon synergistically controlled GR canola and wild buckwheat but were antagonistic for wheat control. Glyphosate plus quizalofop were additive for control of GR corn and velvetleaf. Inert ingredients in glyphosate formulations, i.e., cationic surfactant, NH4, or K, contributed to glyphosate synergism of bentazon, but the major contribution came from glyphosate itself. Efficacy of glyphosate plus bentazon on GR canola was enhanced by ammonium nitrate (AMN), ammonium sulfate (AMS), nonionic surfactant (NIS), or silicone surfactant (SiS) but was slightly decreased by methylated seed oil (MSO) or petroleum oil concentrate. AMN, AMS, NIS, and SiS partially overcame the antagonism of bentazon to glyphosate for wheat control. NIS enhanced phytotoxicity of glyphosate plus quizalofop to GR corn and velvetleaf, but the enhancement was less than by SiS or MSO to GR corn and SiS or AMS to velvetleaf.

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