Phase Contrast Microscopy Versus Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy as Applicable to the Observation of Spermatozoa

1978 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 10744J ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Cortner ◽  
A. J. Boudreau
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Phase Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Differential Interference Contrast ◽  
Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Interference Contrast Microscopy

The Bacteroides glycocalyx as visualized by differential interference contrast microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1189-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight W. Lambe Jr. ◽  
Kaethe P. Ferguson ◽  
Donald A. Ferguson Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Phase Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Differential Interference Contrast ◽  
Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Interference Contrast Microscopy

The glycocalyx of eight strains representing six species of Bacteroides was examined by differential interference contrast microscopy. Wet mounts in India ink were prepared from bacteria cultured in broth and on an agar medium; the wet mounts were observed by phase-contrast microscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy. With differential interference contrast microscopy, all bacteria demonstrated a glycocalyx, which included capsules surrounding single cells and microcolonies, strands of glycocalyx connecting cells and microcolonies, detached slime, and solid masses of glycocalyx in which innumerable bacteria were enmeshed. Bacteria showed comparable amounts of glycocalyx by visual observation with differential interference contrast microscopy whether grown on plates or in broth. Serial transfers of cultures did not diminish the amount of glycocalyx. Differential interference contrast microscopy proved to be a superior method to phase contrast for examining wet preparations of Bacteroides.

scholarly journals Minus-end capture of preformed kinetochore fibers contributes to spindle morphogenesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 160 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Khodjakov ◽  
Lily Copenagle ◽  
Michael B. Gordon ◽  
Duane A. Compton ◽  
Tarun M. Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Differential Interference Contrast ◽  
Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Spindle Formation ◽  
Capture Mechanism ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Interference Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Kinesin Eg5 ◽  
Mitotic Kinesin Eg5 ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

Near-simultaneous three-dimensional fluorescence/differential interference contrast microscopy was used to follow the behavior of microtubules and chromosomes in living α-tubulin/GFP-expressing cells after inhibition of the mitotic kinesin Eg5 with monastrol. Kinetochore fibers (K-fibers) were frequently observed forming in association with chromosomes both during monastrol treatment and after monastrol removal. Surprisingly, these K-fibers were oriented away from, and not directly connected to, centrosomes and incorporated into the spindle by the sliding of their distal ends toward centrosomes via a NuMA-dependent mechanism. Similar preformed K-fibers were also observed during spindle formation in untreated cells. In addition, upon monastrol removal, centrosomes established a transient chromosome-free bipolar array whose orientation specified the axis along which chromosomes segregated. We propose that the capture and incorporation of preformed K-fibers complements the microtubule plus-end capture mechanism and contributes to spindle formation in vertebrates.

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