scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Hydroxymethylfurfural in Viability of BALB/C Mice Splenocytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Sevda Saleh-Ghadimi ◽  
Hamed Jafari-Vayghan ◽  
Sorayya Kheirouri ◽  
Mohammad Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Con A ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: This study was designed to discover if hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) exposure modifies cell proliferation and DNA damage in BALB/c mice splenocytes. Methods: Mitogenesis in T cells and B cells was induced by Concanavalin A (Con A) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The colorimetric tetrazolium assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation. DNA damaging consequences were evaluated via measurement of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level in BALB/c mice splenocytes. Results: Spleen cells proliferation elicited by ConA, was dramatically suppressed by 25, 50 and 100 mM of HMF. However, there was not any significant difference between various concentrations of HMF. The same result was observed following treatment with LPS and HMF in different concentrations. Eight-OHdG concentration was elevated significantly in HMF treated groups compared with untreated control and mitogens. Conclusion: HMF was found to have immunosuppressing and DNA damaging properties in mM concentrations in mice splenocytes.

scholarly journals In vitro studies of the rabbit immune system. V. Suppressor T cells activated by concanavalin A block the proliferation, not the induction of antierythrocyte plaque-forming cells.

1976 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Redelman ◽  
C B Scott ◽  
H W Sheppard ◽  
S Sell
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Con A ◽  
Activated T Cells

The late B-cell proliferative phase of the in vitro antibody response by rabbit spleen cells is highly susceptible to suppression by activated T cells. The in vitro antisheep erythrocyte plaque-forming cell (PFC) response by spleen cells from normal or primed rabbits can be suppressed by adding concanavalin A (Con A), Con A-prestimulated peripheral blood or spleen lymphocytes, or supernates from Con A-prestimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes. The suppression is not mediated by a direct interaction of Con A with responding cells as shown by the effectiveness of prestimulated cells. Primed spleen cultures remain sensitive to Con A suppression as late as 72 h after initiation, and the addition of Con A after 24-72 h rapidly stops the increase in the number of PFC. T cells are required for Con A addition to be effective but the suppression can be induced at a time when T-helper cells are no longer necessary. Further, the suppressive effect of Con A addition is abrogated by specific antisera to rabbit T cells. We propose that Con A activates suppressor T cells which then exert their effects on proliferating PFC or their immediate precursor B cells. The early inductive or recruitment phase of the response is probably not blocked by suppressor cells. Also, there is an apparent relationship between the number of proliferating B cells and the number of suppressor cells required. Finally, the difficulties in inducing a stimulatory effect by Con A and the prolonged period that Con A addition is suppressive suggests that the rabbit has relatively more and/or longer-lived suppressor cells than the mouse and may be a particularly useful species for studying suppressive phenomena and their mechanisms.

scholarly journals Effects of anti-Ia sera on mitogenic responses. II. Differential expression of the Ia marker on phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A-reactive T cells.

1976 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Niederhuber ◽  
J A Frelinger ◽  
M S Dine ◽  
P Shoffner ◽  
E Dugan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Cell Subpopulation ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Con A ◽  
Membrane Antigens ◽  
Rabbit Complement

Genes mapping in the I region of the H-2 complex control a system of lymphocyte alloantigens (Ia) which are expressed on a subpopulation of T cells and on most B cells. Specific anti-Ia serum in the presence of rabbit complement removed the splenic T-cell subpopulation responsive to Con-A, but did not affect the response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or Leucoagglutinin. Antibodies specific for Ia, H-2K, or H-2D membrane antigens were used without complement to pretreat spleen cells. These antibody pretreated cells responded normally to Con-A and PHA.

scholarly journals Competition between concanavalin A-induced stimulatory and inhibitory effects in the in vitro immune response to antigen.

1975 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 524-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Scavulli ◽  
R W Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Con A ◽  
In Vitro Immune Response

The humoral response of nude spleen cells (b cells) to sheep erythrocytes was measured in the presence of varying numbers of concanavalin A (ConA)-acvated stimulatory spleen T cells (helper) and Con A-activated inhibitory spleen T cells (suppressor) from BDF1 mice. It was found that suppressive effects could be reversed by the presence of additional numbers of stimulatory cells. These results seem incompatible with the hypothesis that suppression is mediated by supraoptimal numbers of stimulatory cells and provides additional evidence that separate populations of T cells mediate stimulation and suppression.

scholarly journals Activated B cells express receptors for, and proliferate in response to, pure interleukin 2.

1984 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 1170-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Zubler ◽  
J W Lowenthal ◽  
F Erard ◽  
N Hashimoto ◽  
R Devos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Apparent Dissociation Constant ◽  
Activated B Cells

In this study we investigated whether interleukin 2 (IL-2) acts on B cell proliferation and whether activated B cells express IL-2 receptors. First, the functional activity of immunoaffinity-purified or recombinant human IL-2 was studied in a B blast assay using positively selected murine surface Ig-positive cells that had been activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus anti-Ig antibodies (anti-Ig). In this assay, T cells were not detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. It was found that both IL-2 preparations led to optimal B cell proliferation compared with supernatants obtained from murine or human spleen cells or murine cloned T helper cells. Second, we observed that the IL-2 requirement in this assay was about the same as in a proliferation assay using lectin-activated polyclonal murine Lyt-2-positive T cells. Third, analysis of the binding of radiolabeled immunoaffinity-purified IL-2 to B cells indicated that LPS plus anti-Ig-activated B cells expressed a mean of 3,500 IL-2 receptors per cell with an apparent dissociation constant of 150 pM. However, neither nonactivated B cells nor B cells activated by LPS alone exhibited significant specific IL-2 binding. The functional and the receptor data are consistent with the conclusion that IL-2 is a growth factor not only for T cells but also for B cells.

scholarly journals Two distinct mechanisms regulate the in vivo generation of cytotoxic T cells.

1982 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 918-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Sy ◽  
S H Lee ◽  
M Tsurufuji ◽  
K L Rock ◽  
B Benacerraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Cytolytic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Con A

Treatment of responder cells with monoclonal anti-Ly-1,2 antibodies plus complement in vitro completely eliminated their ability to generate azobenzenearsonate (ABA)-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). However, addition of the concanavalin A-stimulated supernatants of rat spleen cells (Con A-Sup) can fully reconstitute the response. Therefore, Lyt-1,2-bearing T cells are required for the generation of ABA-specific CTL, and such requirement can be replaced by factors present in the Con A- sup. Suppressor T cells (Ts), when adoptively transferred into naive recipients, will inhibit the in vivo priming of CTL. This inhibition can also be reversed by in vitro addition of Con A-Sup. furthermore, mice serving as donors of Ts also show profound unresponsiveness when primed and restimulated in vitro. In contrast to the Ts-mediated inhibition, in vitro addition of Con A-Sup was unable to abolish the unresponsiveness observed in these cultures. Thus, we identified two unresponsive states in a hapten-specific killing system that differ in their ability to be reconstituted by Con A-Sup.

scholarly journals CELL-TO-CELL INTERACTION IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Basten ◽  
J. F. A. P. Miller ◽  
J. Sprent ◽  
C. Cheers
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Immunological Tolerance ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Secondary Response ◽  
Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽  
Normal Numbers ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Suppressor Effect

Specific immunological tolerance was induced in CBA mice by a single injection of deaggregated fowl immunoglobulin G (FγG). The unresponsive state was stable on adoptive transfer and irreversible by pretreatment of tolerant cells with trypsin. Tolerant spleen cells could suppress the response of normal syngeneic recipients. They also suppressed the adoptive primary response of spleen cells to FγG in irradiated hosts. The inhibitory effect was on the indirect (7S) plaque-forming cell (PFC) response. Incubation of the tolerant cell population with anti-θ serum and complement reversed the suppressor effect. Furthermore, the addition of purified T cells from normal donors restored the capacity of the anti-θ serum-treated tolerant cells to transfer an adoptive response to FγG. The existence of FγG-reactive B cells was supported by the demonstration of normal numbers of antigen-binding cells in the spleen and thoracic duct lymph from tolerant animals. Moreover, the formation of caps by these cells implied that they could bind antigen normally. These experiments provided direct evidence for the existence of suppressor T cells in the tolerant population. Further evidence was derived from examination of the effect of antigen "suicide". Tolerant spleen cells were treated with radioactive FγG under conditions known to abrogate T-cell helper function. When these cells were transferred together with normal spleen cells into irradiated hosts, suppression of the primary adoptive response to FγG was no longer observed. Inhibition of an adoptive secondary response to FγG was obtained by transferring tolerant spleen cells with primed B cells provided high doses of tolerant cells were used. By contrast low doses exerted a helper rather than a suppressor effect in this system.

Cell interactions in concanavalin A activated cation flux and DNA synthesis of mouse lymphocytes

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1314-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Owens ◽  
J. G. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Con A ◽  
Activated T Cell ◽  
Constant Cell ◽  
Enriched Cultures ◽  
Cell Mitogen

Co-culture at constant cell density of nude mouse spleen cells (by themselves unresponsive to the T-cell mitogen concanavalin A (Con A)), with congenic T-enriched lymphocyte suspensions and Con A caused anomalously high activation of K+ transport (measured by 86Rb uptake) and of incorporation of thymidine into DNA; the expected dilution of these two responses by nude spleen cells did not occur. However, if the nude splenocytes were added immediately prior to assay to the enriched T cells that had been precultured in presence of Con A, the expected dilution of the activated T-cell responses occurred; both 86Rb uptake and thymidine incorporation were reduced proportionally to the degree of dilution of the T cells by the nonresponding cells. These data indicate that during co-culture in presence of Con A there is interaction between the T cells, capable of responding to the mitogens, and the nude spleen cells. Attempts to demonstrate a diffusible factor in the supernatants of stimulated T cells were unsuccessful. The measured interaction is sufficient to explain our previous paradoxical findings that enrichment of T cells as measured by membrane markers did not cause a corresponding enrichment for either cation transport or for thymidine incorporation, and that depletion of T cells in the B-enriched cultures did not cause a corresponding decrease in these two Con A induced responses.

scholarly journals Genetic control of lymphocyte activation: lack of response to low doses of concanavalin A in lipopolysaccharide-nonresponder mice

1977 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 1146-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
PH Bick ◽  
U Persson ◽  
E Smith ◽  
E Moller ◽  
L Hammarstrom
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Con A ◽  
Protein Locus

C3H/HeJ mice do not respond to the polyclonal B-cell activator lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli; this was first described by Sultzer who observed that mice of this strain did not respond to an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of LPS as measured by the accumulation of leukocytes in the peritoneal cavity. Neither were C3H/HeJ mice as susceptible to LPS toxcitiy (1). It was later reported that LPS-induced mitogenesis (2,3), adjuvanticity (4), and the appearance of Ia antigens on B lymphocytes as induced by LPS, (5) was also absent in C3H/HeJ mice. However, lymphocytes from these mice respond normally to the polyclonal B-cell activators purified protein derivative of tuberculin (2,6) and dextran sulfate and have also been reported to respond normally to concanavalin A (Con A) (2). Furthermore, the immune responses to sheep erythrocytes (7) and soluble thymus-dependent antigens (4) are normal in C3H/HeJ mice. Unresponsiveness to LPS in C3H/HeJ mice has been found to Be due to a defect in a single gene or a set of linked genes (3,8) which has been mapped between the major urinary protein locus and the locus coding for polysyndactyly on chromosome 4. (1) We have reported that injection of LPS into mice of an LPS-responsive strain causes a shift in the Con A dose-response curve of cultured spleen cells, suppressing the low does response (9). Therefore, we tested the Con A proliferative response in cultures of normal or LPS-activated spleen cells from LPS-responder (C3H/Tif) and LPS-nonresponder (C3H/HeJ) mice. We report here that C3H/HeJ spleen cells respond poorly to low concentrations of Con A (0.05-0.1 μg/ml). Injection of LPS 2 days before culture inhibits the response to low doses of Con A in cultures of C3H/Tif spleen cells but has no inhibitory effect on the dose response profile of C3H/HeJ spleen cells. Furthermore, the low dose Con A response of spleen cells is dependent upon the presence of an Ia-positive cell. (2) The role of Ia-positive cells in the Con A response of C3H/Tif and C3H/HeJ spleen cells is described.

scholarly journals The capacity of mitogen-responsive T cells to home to their tissue of origin, analyzed by means of chromosome markers

1976 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 660-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Doenhoff ◽  
AJS Davies
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Con A ◽  
Syngeneic Mouse ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Mitogen Responsiveness ◽  
Tissue Of Origin ◽  
Syngeneic Recipient

Lance and Taub (1) showed that when radioactively labeled lymphocytes were injected into a syngeneic mouse and the lymph node cells of this animal transferred to a second syngeneic recipient, the proportion of radioactivity found in the lymph node relative to the amount present in the spleen of the secondary recipient had increased markedly. The interpretation of this result was that some lymphocytes have the capacity to home to their organ of origin. The purpose of the experiments described here was to test the homing copacity of T cells by a method that did not involve radioactive labeling. It has been shown elsewhere that some or all mouse T cells are stimulated to divide in culture by the mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) (2). We therefore elected to inject karyotypically distinct lymphocytes into syngeneic recipients and to follow their subsequent distribution by culture of lymph node and spleen cells of the recipient with PHA or Con A. In this manner the homing capacities of spleen and lymph node T cells could be determined, and furthermore, the effects of labeling with chromium-51 ((51)Cr) could be assayed with respect to the persistence of mitogen responsiveness in the injected cells.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin idiotopes expressed by T cells. I. Expression of distinct idiotopes detected by monoclonal antibodies on antigen-specific suppressor T cells.

1982 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Cerny ◽  
C Heusser ◽  
R Wallich ◽  
G J Hammerling ◽  
D D Eardley
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Myeloma Proteins ◽  
Specific Suppressor T Cells

The idiotopic repertoire expressed by antigen-specific suppressor T cells (Ts) generated by Streptococcus pneumoniae strain R36a (Pn) in BALB/c strain mice was investigated using a panel of five monoclonal anti-idiotopic antibodies against TEPC-15/HOPC-8 myeloma proteins. Previous studies suggested that the anti-idiotopic antibodies recognize distinct idiotopic determinants within the T15 idiotype, and that Pn-reactive B cells express all of those idiotopes as shown by a specific inhibitory effect of the anti-idiotopic antibodies on induction of anti-Pn response in vitro as well as on the mature antibody plaque-forming cells. In this study we asked the question of whether anti-idiotopic (Id) can block the inductive and/or effector phases of generation of Ts which act on the Pn-reactive B cells. The presence of anti-Id during the activation of T cells with Pn did not prevent the generation of Ts. However, suppression mediated by Ts on responder lymphocytes (cultures of spleen cells or B cels) was inhibited (reversed) by four out of five anti-Id. Some of the antibodies recognize hapten (phosphorylcholine)-inhibitable Id in the paratope of Ig whereas others are directed against nonparatopic Id. These data indicate that the antigen receptor on Ts includes VH sequences both within and without the immunoglobulin in paratope, and that the Id repertoir of Ts overlaps with that of B cells.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document