scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profile of Roots and Aerial Parts of Ruscus hyrcanus Woronow

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir Babak Bahadori ◽  
Solmaz Asnaashari ◽  
Hossein Nazemiyeh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
First Time

Background: Ruscus specie are used as traditional medicine, food, and foliage. The aim of this work is the determination of fatty acid composition of Ruscus hyrcanus as a native medicinal plant of Iran for the first time together with comparison of different esterification methods. Methods: Two different esterification methods were used for preparation of esterified fatty acids from different extracts of underground and aerial parts of the herb. GC/MS analysis were used for identification and quantification of fatty acids. Finally, the results were compared. Results: Findings showed that R. hyrcanus is rich in essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid (13-25%) and linolenic acid (23-44%). Also, oil samples contain remarkable amount of palmitic acid (19-57%). Conclusion: The results showed that R. hyrcanus could be considered as a source of essential fatty acids. Also, it could be concluded that a simple esterification method with methanolic KOH and 2 min vortex is suitable for fatty acid analysis of Ruscus species.

scholarly journals Fatty acids and their esters from Cicuta virosa L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
U Jargalsaikhan ◽  
S Javzan ◽  
D Selenge ◽  
D Nedelcheva ◽  
S Philipov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Octadecadienoic Acid ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Esters ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
First Time

n-Hexane and chloroform fractions of aerial parts and roots of Cicuta virosa L. were investigated by GC-MS. As a result of the study 25 fatty acids and their esters have been identified. Two unsaturated esters such as linoleic acid ethyl ester (IX, 16.66%), and n- hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (VII, 10.12%), the fatty acid n-hexadecanioc acid (VI, 8.10%) made up the bulk of the aerial parts. Four unsaturated esters such as linoleic acid ethyl ester (IX, 10.15%), dibutylphthalate (XII, 9.55%), n-hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (VII, 8.19%) and 9, 12, 15 - octadecatrienoic acid ethyl ester (X, 5.9%), two fatty acids as n-hexadecanoic acid (VI, 8,15%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (VIII, 4,5%) predominated in the roots of Cicuta virosa L. These known fatty acids and their esters were found for the first time in this plant species. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v14i0.203 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 14 (40), 2013, p71-74

scholarly journals Fatty acid chemistry of Atrichum undulatum and Hypnum andoi

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Pejin ◽  
Ljubodrag Vujisic ◽  
Marko Sabovljevic ◽  
Vele Tesevic ◽  
Vlatka Vajs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Moss Species

The fatty acid composition of the moss species Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. (Polytrichaceae) and Hypnum andoi A.J.E. Sm. (Hypnaceae) collected in winter time were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as a contribution to their chemistry. Eight fatty acids were identified in the chloroform/methanol extract 1:1 of A. undulatum (linoleic acid 26.80%, palmitic acid 22.17%, ?-linolenic acid 20.50%, oleic acid 18.49%, arachidonic acid 6.21%, stearic acid 3.34%, cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid 1.52% and behenic acid 1.01%), while six fatty acids were found in the same type of extract of H. andoi (palmitic acid 63.48%, erucic acid 12.38%, stearic acid 8.08%, behenic acid 6.26%, lignoceric acid 5.16% and arachidic acid 4.64%). According to this study, the moss A. undulatum can be considered as a good source of both essential fatty acids for humans (linoleic acid and ?-linolenic acid) during the winter.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of night-scented stock (Matthiola bicornis (Sibth. & Sm.) DC.) raw materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Viktoriia O. Pinkevych ◽  
Moeen F. Dababneh ◽  
Nadiia Ye. Burda ◽  
Iryna O. Zhuravel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Similar Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Domestic Plant ◽  
Plant Sources

Abstract Introduction. With due consideration of the properties of fatty acids, as well as their importance for normal life activity and human development, research into the fatty acid composition of poorly studied plants and the search for new domestic plant sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids is a mainstream trend in modern pharmacy. Aim. Aim of research – determination of fatty acid qualitative composition and content in threshed grass, stalks, roots and seeds of Night-scented stock ‘Queen of Night’ and ‘Evening Scent’ cultivars as grown in Ukraine. Methods. Gas chromatography. Results. Both cultivars of Night-scented stock taken for analysis had similar fatty acid composition – 5 saturated, 5 (4 for seeds) monounsaturated and 2 polyunsaturated fatty acids, Quantitatively, in all tested parts of the herb polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acid dominated, making in total 88.92% and 88.62% in the seeds of Queen of Night and Evening Scent cultivars, respectively, and averaging 65% in other parts of the tested cultivars. Linolenic and linoleic acids prevailed among the polyunsaturated fatty acids, whereas oleic acid prevailed among the monounsaturated. Conclusion. Night-scented stock can be utilized as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids for the development of drugs and for standardization of tested raw materials.

FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF SERUM LIPIDS IN HYPER- AND HYPOTHYROIDISM

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Kirkeby
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosatrienoic Acid ◽  
High Linoleic Acid ◽  
Absolute Concentrations

ABSTRACT The fatty acid composition of cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and triglycerides of the serum has been studied in groups of hyperthyroid and hypothyroid women and also in control material matched for age. In hyperthyroidism, a decrease in the proportions of linoleic acid and an increase in the proportions of some saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids were observed. When absolute concentrations were considered, it appeared that the decrease in linoleic acid was almost equivalent to the entire decrease in total fatty acids in the serum of the hyperthyroid patients. In hypothyroidism no changes were noted in the proportions of linoleic, saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids, and the absolute concentrations reflected the general increase in serum lipids. It is believed that these findings may be explained by the changes in lipid turnover which are known to occur in disturbances of thyroid function. In hyperthyroidism, they lead to a linoleic acid deficiency, while a sparing effect must be operating in hypothyroidism. The finding of relatively high linoleic acid values combined with hyperlipaemia in hypothyroidism seems to be characteristic of the condition, since other types of hyperlipaemia are almost invariably combined with low percentages of linoleic acid. Results regarding arachidonic and eicosatrienoic acid are consistent with increased synthesis in hyperthyroidism, and decreased synthesis in hypothyroidism.

THE EFFECT OF DIETARY POULTRY OFFAL HYDROLYSATE ON THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION AND MEAT QUALITY OF PORK

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1041-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. VAN LUNEN ◽  
R. L. WILSON ◽  
L. M. POSTE ◽  
G. BUTLER
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Free Moisture ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Seventy-two feeder pigs, with a mean weight of 24.6 kg, were randomly allotted in groups of three to four dietary treatments to determine the effect of feeding poultry offal hydrolysate (POH) on fatty acid composition and meat quality. The four dietary treatments were: 0% POH (control), 5% POH, 10% POH and 15% POH on a dry matter basis. At slaughter (96.8 kg), the right loins from 60 pigs were retained for fatty acid analysis and meat quality evaluation. The longissimus dorsi muscle was dissected from each loin; 200 g were stored in an atmosphere of nitrogen and frozen for fatty acid analysis and 500 g were frozen for meat quality evaluation. Fat was extracted and methylated for fatty acid analysis. Separation and identification of individual fatty acid methyl esters was performed using gas chromatography. Sensory meat evaluation (pork flavour, off-flavour, tenderness and juiciness) was performed by 10 trained panelists. Warner-Bratzler shear evaluation and free moisture analyses were performed. The fatty acids in pork appear to exhibit a sensitive response to changes in dietary fat. Linear trends for fatty acids in the pork were, for the most part, opposite to trends in the diets. Inclusion of POH resulted in an increase in the total polyunsaturates present in the pork. There was no effect (P > 0.05) due to dietary treatment on flavour, tenderness or juiciness of the pork. No significant differences were found among the Warner-Bratzler shear measurements or free moisture determinations. Changes in fatty acid profile of pork do not appear to affect eating quality when POH is included in the diet at levels of up to 15% DM. Key words: Poultry offal, pork, fatty acid, meat quality

Relationship between the fatty acid composition of uropygial gland secretion and blood of meat chickens receiving different dietary fats

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Kanakri ◽  
Beverly Muhlhausler ◽  
John Carragher ◽  
Robert Gibson ◽  
Reza Barekatain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Preen Oil

Manipulation of the fatty acid composition of chicken feed has been shown to be effective for improving the nutritional value of chicken products. Currently, however, evaluation of the effectiveness of this approach requires invasive blood sampling or post mortem tissue sampling of the birds. Preen oil can be collected non-invasively from live birds. So this study aimed to test the hypothesis that the fatty acid composition of preen oil reflects that of the blood. Male and female meat chickens (Cobb 500) were fed a diet supplemented with 4% (w/w) flaxseed oil (high n-3 polyunsaturates) or beef tallow (mostly monounsaturates and saturates) for 6 weeks. Preen oil and whole blood samples (n = 9 birds per sex/diet treatment group) were collected freshly post mortem for fatty acid analysis. Preen oil analysis showed that ~97% of fatty acids were saturates, with a small percentage of n-6 polyunsaturates and traces of other types. There were negligible n-3 polyunsaturates in preen oil. Proportions of some saturated fatty acids were slightly, but significantly, affected by diet (C16:0 (P < 0.05) and C17:0 (P < 0.01)) or by gender (C10:0 and C18:0) (P < 0.05). Some fatty acids with odd numbers of carbon atoms (e.g. C17:0 and C19:0) were found in relatively high concentrations in preen oil, despite not being detectable in either the diet or blood. In conclusion, the fatty acid composition of preen oil does not accurately reflect the fatty acid profile of the blood; it is not, therefore, a suitable alternative for determining fatty acid status of meat chickens.

scholarly journals Nutritional ecology of essential fatty acids: an evolutionary perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Hulbert ◽  
Sarah K. Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid Composition

There are four types of fatty acids but only two types are essential nutritional requirements for many animals. These are the omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) and the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and because they cannot be converted to one another they are separate essential dietary requirements. They are only required in small amounts in the diet and their biological importance stems largely from their role as constituents of membrane lipids. They are synthesised by plants and, as a generalisation, green leaves are the source of n-3 PUFA while seeds are the source of n-6 PUFA in the food chain. While the fatty acid composition of storage fats (triglycerides) is strongly influenced by dietary fatty acid composition, this is not the case for membrane fats. The fatty acid composition of membrane lipids is relatively unresponsive to dietary fatty acid composition, although n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA can substitute for each in membrane lipids to some extent. Membrane fatty acid composition appears to be regulated and specific for different species. The role of essential fats in the diet of animals on (1) basal metabolic rate, (2) thermoregulation, (3) maximum longevity, and (4) exercise performance is discussed.

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