10 From green chemistry principles in flow chemistry towards green flow process design in the holistic viewpoint

SPARK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Hessel ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Dana Kralisch
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Flow Process

scholarly journals Gasification of Biomass in Supercritical Water, Challenges for the Process Design—Lessons Learned from the Operation Experience of the First Dedicated Pilot Plant

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Boukis ◽  
I. Katharina Stoll
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Combustible Gas ◽  
Supercritical Water Gasification ◽  
Robust Process

Gasification of organic matter under the conditions of supercritical water (T > 374 °C, p > 221 bar) is an allothermal, continuous flow process suitable to convert materials with high moisture content (<20 wt.% dry matter) into a combustible gas. The gasification of organic matter with water as a solvent offers several benefits, particularly the omission of an energy-intensive drying process. The reactions are fast, and mean residence times inside the reactor are consequently low (less than 5 min). However, there are still various challenges to be met. The combination of high temperature and pressure and the low concentration of organic matter require a robust process design. Additionally, the low value of the feed and the product predestinate the process for decentralized applications, which is a challenge for the economics of an application. The present contribution summarizes the experience gained during more than 10 years of operation of the first dedicated pilot plant for supercritical water gasification of biomass. The emphasis lies on highlighting the challenges in process design. In addition to some fundamental results gained from comparable laboratory plants, selected experimental results of the pilot plant “VERENA” (acronym for the German expression “experimental facility for the energetic exploitation of agricultural matter”) are presented.

6 From green chemistry principles to sustainable flow chemistry

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-192
Author(s):  
Francesco Ferlin ◽  
Nam Nghiep Tran ◽  
Aikaterini Anastasopoulou ◽  
Marc Escribà Gelonch ◽  
Daniela Lanari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Flow Chemistry

Process Design on Baogang 2250mm Hot Rolling Project

2013 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 283-287
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Fu Ming Zhang ◽  
Hong Wen Liu ◽  
Ruo Yu Zang ◽  
Fan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hot Rolling ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Starting Point

Based on scale and output, process design assures high-end products for Baogang, ensures advancement and reliability of devices, enhances Chinese split supply ratio; ability to decrease investment and implement sustainable scientific outlook on development. To introduce production scale and product scheme in Baogang 2250mm hot rolling project, and illustrate design flow, process arrangement and equipment level. Ability to insist on a high starting point, reference to international standards, use advanced devices in order to meet high-quality needs and achieve strong competitiveness, adhere to strategy of sustainable development, improve on utilization efficiency of raw materials, energy and water, accomplish cyclic utilization. Leading products are high-quality rare-earth auto plates, steel sheets for home electrical appliances. The layout of plant is tightly linked with process design and whole plan, short process, smooth logistics, less middle stages and advanced automatic control system create international level in 21st century.

scholarly journals Continuous enzymatic stirred tank reactor cascade with unconventional medium yielding high concentrations of (S)-2-hydroxyphenyl propanone and its derivatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Oeggl ◽  
Juliane Diedrich ◽  
Eric von Lieres ◽  
Dörte Rother
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
High Substrate ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Substrate Concentrations

The implementation of biocatalysis in flow chemistry offers synergistic synthesis advantages in line with green chemistry principles. Yet, the conversion of high substrate concentrations is most often hindered by substrate...

Flow Chemistry

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan H. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Photochemical Oxidation ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Batch Reaction ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactions ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Reliable Solution

Although photocatalytic chemistry has been the subject of intense interest recently, the rate of these reactions is often slow due to the limited penetration of light into typical reaction media. Peter H. Seeberger at the Max-Planck Institute for Colloids and Surfaces in Potsdam and the Free University of Berlin showed (Chem. Sci. 2012, 3, 1612) that Ru(bpy)32+-catalyzed reactions such as the reduction of azide 1 to 2 can be achieved in as little as 1 min residence time using continuous flow, as opposed to the 2 h batch reaction time previously reported. The benefits of flow on a number of strategic photocatalytic reactions, including the coupling of 3 and 4 to produce 5, was also demonstrated (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 4144) by Corey R.J. Stephenson at Boston University and Timothy F. Jamison at MIT. In this case, a reaction throughput of 0.914 mmol/h compares favorably with 0.327 mmol/h for the batch reaction. Professor Seeberger has also reported (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 1706) a continuous-flow synthesis of Artemisinin 7, a highly effective antimalarial drug, starting from dihydroartemisinic acid 6. The conversion occurs by a sequence of photochemical oxidation with singlet oxygen, acidic Hock cleavage of the O–O bond, and oxidation with triplet oxygen, a process calculated to be capable of furnishing up to 200 g/day per reactor. A scalable intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of 8 to produce 9 was reported (Tetrahedron Lett. 2012, 53, 1363) by Matthias Nettekoven of Hoffmann-La Roche in Basel, Switzerland. Stephen L. Buchwald at MIT developed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 5355) a flow process for the enantioselective β-arylation of ketones that involved lithiation of aryl bromide 10, borylation, and rhodium-catalyzed conjugate addition to cycloheptenone. For continuous flow production of enantioenriched alcohols such as 14, Miquel A. Pericás of the Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia developed (Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 1816) the robust polystyrene-supported aminoalcohol 13 for diethylzinc addition to aldehydes. Professor Jamison found (Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 568) that flow chemistry provides a convenient and reliable solution to the reduction of esters to aldehydes with DIBALH (e.g., 15 to 16) that occurs rapidly and without the usual problem of overreduction.

Pushing Flow Chemistry to New Limits: Development of a Flow Process towards Spirangien A

ChemCatChem ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 2798-2800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Jürjens ◽  
Andreas Kirschning
Keyword(s):  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Flow Process

15.1 Flow Chemistry in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Part 1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Multistep Synthesis

Abstract The use of flow chemistry in the single- and multistep synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients has been well demonstrated. The pharmaceutical industry is now taking the next steps towards integration of flow chemistry into large-scale commercialized processes, which can effectively supply patient populations. This chapter details advances in this area, and outlines the data and knowledge required to select, develop, scale, and commercialize an efficient flow process.

Flow synthesis approaches to privileged scaffolds – recent routes reviewed for green and sustainable aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 2233-2292
Author(s):  
Antonella Ilenia Alfano ◽  
Margherita Brindisi ◽  
Heiko Lange
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Diversity Oriented Synthesis ◽  
Flow Synthesis ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Privileged Scaffolds

This review discusses the use of flow chemistry as versatile tool for the synthesis and derivatisation of privileged scaffolds, looking at applicability, diversity-oriented synthesis options, inherent sustainability and green chemistry aspects.

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