An attempt to correlate the physical properties of fossil and subfossil resins with their age and geographic location

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 716-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Stach ◽  
Gintarė Martinkutė ◽  
Petras Šinkūnas ◽  
Lucyna Natkaniec-Nowak ◽  
Przemysław Drzewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Natural Resins ◽  
High Fluorescence

Abstract Testing of the correlation between physical properties of natural resins such as microhardness, density and UV-excited fluorescence emission with their age, geological conditions, botanical and geographical origin and chemical structure was performed. These physical parameters, especially microhardness, are the result of resins fossilization processes like cross-linking and polymerizations of compounds present in the fossils. In addition, hardening of the resins may be also an effect of miscellaneous chemical processes induced by various environmental, biological and geological conditions. The principal component analysis found that the correlation of microhardness, density and fluorescence intensity with the resin age is quite low. The results suggest that variability of physical properties is caused by geographic location and locally occurring geological conditions. The physical properties of natural resins are most strongly correlated with chemical structure and geographic location. The resins with higher microhardness values come from marine environment depositions. The same trend was observed for resins affected by volcanic activity. Moreover, high fluorescence intensity was also observed for resins affected by above mentioned geological conditions. However, the density values of tested resins revealed the lowest correlation with their age, botanical source and geological history.

scholarly journals Ecophysiological interactions in species of peacock bass Cichla spp. from the Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-599
Author(s):  
Philip Dalbert da Silva Castro ◽  
Daniel Da Silva Ladislau ◽  
Maiko Willas Soares Ribeiro ◽  
Antônia Jaqueline Vitor de Paiva ◽  
Ariany Rabello da Silva Liebl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Sport Fishing ◽  
Fish Market ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peacock Bass

The peacock bass species Cichla spp. are economically important in the Amazon region, being used in food, sport fishing and the ornamental fish market. The aims of present study was investigate the ecophysiological interactions and the relationship to the physical parameters of the water. In order to compare and ecologically correlate the species of peacock bass (Cichla monoculus, Cichla temensis and Cichla vazzoleri) in Lake Balbina, Presidente Figueiredo. The total of 45 animals, 15 individuals of each species, was captured with rod and reel, hand line with natural and artificial bait. The animals blood was removed by means of caudal puncture and the hematological data were determined according to methodology previously described in the literature. The analysis of water physical properties was determined during the collections. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for observations of interactions (60.00%). The PCA of the erythrogram showed an interaction of 86.26%, the thrombogram and leukogram of the peacock bass species showed no interaction. The PCA of the plasma metabolites showed no interaction with a rate of 51.55%, however, there is a tendency in the x axis, where the species C. monoculos presents distinct ecophysiological patterns of C. temensis and C. vazzoleri. In the analysis of the physical properties of the water, was observed interaction 96.59%, where in the X axis the species C. monoculos and C. vazzoleri inhabit exclusive localities. It is possible to infer that C. monoculos presents a different pattern compared to other species.

scholarly journals Detection of Counterfeit Tequila by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel de la Rosa Vázquez ◽  
Diego Adrián Fabila-Bustos ◽  
Luis Felipe de Jesús Quintanar-Hernández ◽  
Alma Valor ◽  
Suren Stolik
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
Fluorescence Study ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
High Fluorescence

An ultraviolet (UV) light induced fluorescence study to discriminate fake tequila from genuine ones is presented. A portable homemade system based on four light emitting diodes (LEDs) from 255 to 405 nm and a miniature spectrometer was used. It has been shown that unlike fake and silver tequila, which produce weak fluorescence signal, genuine mixed, rested, and aged tequilas show high fluorescence emission in the range from 400 to 750 nm. The fluorescence intensity grows with aging in 100% agave tequila. Such fluorescence differences can even be observed with naked eyes. The presented results demonstrate that the fluorescence measurement could be a good method to detect counterfeit tequila.

scholarly journals Construction of Thermo-Responsive Elastin-Like Polypeptides (ELPs)-Aggregation-Induced-Emission (AIE) Conjugates for Temperature Sensing

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Chen ◽  
Zhaoyang Ding ◽  
Guangya Zhang ◽  
Leilei Tian ◽  
Xuanjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Amide Bond ◽  
Aggregation Induced Emission ◽  
Bio Imaging ◽  
High Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
High Fluorescence

In this work, an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecule (tetraphenylethene derivative, TPE-COOH) was conjugated to elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs40) via an amide bond to form ELPs40-TPE. The successful synthesis of ELPs40-TPE was confirmed by Circular Dichroism spectroscopy, gel electrophoresis, UV-vis absorption, and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. ELPs40-TPE possessed both amphiphilicity and the features of an AIE, and the fluorescence intensity was dependent on the local temperature. The Hela cells imaging indicated that ELPs40-TPE has great potential for bio-imaging applications because of its advantages of high fluorescence intensity, good water-solubility, and remarkable biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Physical Properties of Seeds of Selected Viburnum Species for the Needs of Seed Sorting Operations

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Kaliniewicz ◽  
Dariusz J. Choszcz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Physical Attributes

Viburnum is a genus of colorful and ornamental plants popular in landscape design on account of their high esthetic appeal. The physical properties of viburnum seeds have not been investigated in the literature to date. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the seeds of selected Viburnum species and to search for potential relationships between their physical attributes for the needs of seed sorting operations. The basic physical parameters of the seeds of six Viburnum species were measured, and the relationships between these attributes were determined in correlation and regression analyses. The average values of the evaluated parameters were determined in the following range: terminal velocity—from 5.6 to 7.9 m s−1, thickness—from 1.39 to 1.87 mm, width—from 3.59 to 6.33 mm, length—from 5.58 to 7.44 mm, angle of external friction—from 36.7 to 43.8°, mass—from 16.7 to 35.0 mg. The seeds of V. dasyanthum, V. lentago and V. sargentii should be sorted in air separators, and the seeds of V. lantana and V. opulus should be processed with the use of mesh screens with round apertures to obtain uniform size fractions. The seeds of V. rhytodophyllum cannot be effectively sorted into batches with uniform seed mass, but they can be separated into groups with similar dimensions.

Physical Properties and Chemical Structure of High-Amylose Corn Starch Fractions

1964 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna M. Montgomery ◽  
K. R. Sexson ◽  
R. J. Dimler ◽  
F. R. Senti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
High Amylose

Data-Driven Analysis of Engine Mission Severity Using Non-Dimensional Groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Brandes ◽  
Stefano Scarso ◽  
Christian Koch ◽  
Stephan Staudacher
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
General Term ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Machine Model ◽  
Precision Error ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A numerical experiment of intentionally reduced complexity is used to demonstrate a method to classify flight missions in terms of the operational severity experienced by the engines. In this proof of concept, the general term of severity is limited to the erosion of the core flow compressor blade and vane leading edges. A Monte Carlo simulation of varying operational conditions generates a required database of 10000 flight missions. Each flight is sampled at a rate of 1 Hz. Eleven measurable or synthesizable physical parameters are deemed to be relevant for the problem. They are reduced to seven universal non-dimensional groups which are averaged for each flight. The application of principal component analysis allows a further reduction to three principal components. They are used to run a support-vector machine model in order to classify the flights. A linear kernel function is chosen for the support-vector machine due to its low computation time compared to other functions. The robustness of the classification approach against measurement precision error is evaluated. In addition, a minimum number of flights required for training and a sensible number of severity classes are documented. Furthermore, the importance to train the algorithms on a sufficiently wide range of operations is presented.

scholarly journals Understanding Type II Supernovae

2005 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zampieri ◽  
M. Ramina ◽  
A. Pastorello
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Simultaneous Analysis ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Expansion Velocity ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Robust Estimates

SummaryWe present the results of a systematic analysis of a group of Type II plateau supernovae that span a large range in luminosities, from faint objects like SN 1997D and 1999br to very luminous events like SN 1992am. The physical properties of the supernovae appear to be related to the plateau luminosity or the expansion velocity. The simultaneous analysis of the observed light curves, line velocities and continuum temperatures leads us to robust estimates of the physical parameters of the ejected envelope. We find strong correlations among several parameters. The implications of these results regarding the nature of the progenitor, the central remnant and the Ni yield are also addressed.

scholarly journals Brazilian gutta-percha points. Part II: thermal properties

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Maniglia-Ferreira ◽  
Eduardo Diogo Gurgel-Filho ◽  
João Batista Araújo Silva Jr ◽  
Regina Célia Monteiro de Paula ◽  
Judith Pessoa Andrade Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Amorphous Phase ◽  
Thermal Behaviour ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Thermal Manipulation

This study was undertaken to explore the effect of heating on gutta-percha, analyzing the occurrence of endothermic peaks corresponding to the transformation that occurs in the crystalline structure of the polymer during thermal manipulation. This study also seeked to determine the temperature at which these peaks occur, causing a transformation from the beta- to the alpha-form, and from the alpha- to the amorphous phase. Eight nonstandardized gutta-percha points commercially available in Brazil (Konne, Tanari, Endopoint, Odous, Dentsply 0.04, Dentsply 0.06, Dentsply TP, Dentsply FM) and pure gutta-percha (control) were analysed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The transition temperatures were determined and analysed. With the exception of Dentsply 0.04 and Dentsply 0.06, the majority of the products showed thermal behaviour typical of beta-gutta-percha, with two endothermic peaks, exhibiting two crystalline transformations upon heating from ambient temperature to 130°. Upon cooling and reheating, few samples presented two endothermic peaks. It was concluded that heating dental gutta-percha to 130°C causes changes to its chemical structure which permanently alter its physical properties.

scholarly journals The interactive model for automatic calculation of the well cluster construction complex cost

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Glukhikh ◽  
Igor Glukhikh
Keyword(s):  
Resource Availability ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
The Road ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Gas Fields

Currently, companies are consuming transitions to the development of the difficult oil and gas fields. The difficulty implies factors: features of geological conditions, remote geographic location, features of the relief. The development of new oil and gas fields requires design approaches that ensure maximum profitability on complex assets. One of the promising development options is the digitalization and automation of design processes. The paper proposes a new approach to assessing capital costs when designing well pads in the field. A new method is proposed for calculating costs and restrictions at the stage of resources for optimizing a well pad, taking into account detailed topography and resource availability through digitalization and automation. The problem was solved using an interactive ontological model with built-in knowledge bases and calculation algorithms. The model was tested at the field, the possible risks of using the model were assessed, and sufficient accuracy of the obtained values was obtained. The results of the work make it possible to improve the stage of optimization of the well pad, taking into account the costs of resources: drilling, engineering preparation, backfilling of the road, supply of communications, availability of resources and unforeseen costs. The work supports the trends of digitalization and technological processes and business processes. The developed model made it possible to digitize the stage of optimizing the location of the well pad, to automate the multifactor calculation of costs and restrictions. The results make the possible full automation for definition well pad placement, later on, taking into account detailed topography and resource availability.

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