Experimental and theoretical investigations of the high performance blends of PEEK/PEI

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Raghvendra K. Mishra ◽  
Tandra Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Models ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Polyether Ether Ketone ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPolyether ether ketone (PEEK) and polyether imide (PEI) blends were made by melt blending using a twin-screw extruder. The blends were characterized by mechanical testing, thermal, rheological and morphological studies. Predictive models were used to explain the tensile modulus and strength properties. The impact strength increases when percentage of the PEI increases in composite. This has been analyzed on the basis of the interphase adhesion. Tensile and flexural strength also increased with increase in the PEI content. Incorporation of PEI increases the glass transition temperature (Tg) and facilitates its processing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the phase structure. These experimental findings are in agreement with predictive models based on the rule of mixture and the Nicolais-Narkis model. Multi quadric radial basis function (MQRBF) was applied to study the static and dynamic response of the PEEK/PEI blend plate at uniformly distributed load. The present results were compared with numerical and analytical results.

Thermally stable and high impact toughness chopped PI fiber-reinforced PEEK composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-661
Author(s):  
Jianan Yao ◽  
Weizhou Yao ◽  
Yangyang Gu ◽  
Jindong Zhang ◽  
Youhai Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Mold Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polyether Ether Ketone ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Chopped polyimide (PI) fiber-reinforced polyether ether ketone (PEEK) composites with different fiber content (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) were prepared via melt extrusion using a twin-screw extruder. The impact strength of these composites significantly improved from 4.9 kJ m−2 to 9.3 kJ m−2 with the increase of the PI fiber content from 0% to 30%. Tensile strength, tensile modulus, and flexural strength also increased with the increase in PI fiber content. In addition, the heat deflection temperature increased significantly from 160°C to 318°C. The results of the dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that the storage modulus increased considerably. The relationship between mold temperature and composite properties was investigated, and using differential scanning calorimetry, it was shown that the increase in mold temperature improved the degree of polymer crystallization and the bonding capability of the fiber and resin interface. As a result, the mechanical properties of the composite material were improved.

scholarly journals Effect of MWCNT on Thermal, Mechanical, and Morphological Properties of Polybutylene Terephthalate/Polycarbonate Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Rejisha ◽  
S. Soundararajan ◽  
N. Sivapatham ◽  
K. Palanivelu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
The Impact

This paper evaluated the effect of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on the properties of PBT/PC blends. The nanocomposites were obtained by melt blending MWCNT in the weight percentages 0.15, 0.3, and 0.45 wt% with PBT/PC blends in a high performance corotating twin screw extruder. Samples were characterized by tensile testing, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Concentrations of PBT and PC are optimized as 80 : 20 based on mechanical properties. A small amount of MWCNT shows better increase in the thermal and mechanical properties of the blends of PBT/PC nanocomposite when compared to nanoclays or inorganic fillers. The ultimate tensile strength of the nanocomposites increased from 54 MPa to 85 MPa with addition of MWCNT up to 0.3% and then decreased.The tensile modulus values were increased to about 60% and the flexural modulus was more than about 80%. The impact strength was also improved with 20% PC to about 60% and with 0.15% MWCNT to about 50%. The HDT also improved from 127°C to 205°C. It can be seen from XRD result that the crystallinity of PBT is less affected by incorporating MWCNT. The crystallizing temperature was increased and the MWCNT may act as a strong nucleating agent.

scholarly journals Technological aspects of cased wells construction with cyclical-flow transportation of rock

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 610-616
Author(s):  
Andrei KONDRATENKO
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sedimentary Rock ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Casing Pipe ◽  
The Impact

A high-performance technology for constructing cased wells is proposed. Essence of the technology is the advance insertion of the casing pipe into the sedimentary rock mass and the cyclical-flow transportation of the soil rock portions using the compressed air pressure supplied to the open bottomhole end of the pipe through a separate line. Results of mathematical modeling for the process of impact insertion of a hollow pipe into a soil mass in horizontal and vertical settings are considered. Modeling of the technology is implemented by the finite element method in the ANSYS Mechanical software. Parameters of the pipe insertion in the sedimentary rock mass are determined - value of the cleaning step and the impact energy required to insert the pipe at a given depth. Calculations were performed for pipes with a diameter from 325 to 730 mm. Insertion coefficient is introduced, which characterizes the resistance of rocks to destruction during the dynamic penetration of the casing pipe in one impact blow of the pneumatic hammer. An overview of the prospects for the application of the proposed technology in geological exploration, when conducting horizontal wells of a small cross-section using a trenchless method of construction and borehole methods of mining, is presented. A variant of using the technology for determining the strength properties of rocks is proposed. Some features of the technology application at industrial facilities of the construction and mining industry are considered: for trenchless laying of underground utilities and for installing starting conductors when constructing degassing wells from the surface in coal deposits. Results of a technical and economic assessment of the proposed technology efficiency when installing starting conductors in sedimentary rocks at mining allotments of coal mines are presented.

scholarly journals Transformative Use of Additive Technology in Design and Manufacture of Hydraulic Actuator for Fly-by-Wire System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4772
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Warzocha ◽  
Jerzy Szura ◽  
Piotr Bąk ◽  
Paweł Rzucidło ◽  
Tomasz Rogalski
Keyword(s):  
Flight Control ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Hydraulic Actuator ◽  
Aircraft Flight Control ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Goodman Diagram ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the results of research on additively manufactured aerospace parts made of maraging steel are presented. This state-of-the-art technology seems to have the highest potential for practical use in the field of ultra-light and high-performance aerospace hydraulic parts. The strength properties of representative specimens made with steel 1.2709 were investigated. The researchers conducted static tensile testing, fatigue tensile testing, and pressure impulse testing. A Goodman diagram was plotted to visualize the impact of the building orientation vs. load character on the fatigue strength of the additive manufacturing (AM) specimens. Based on the research carried out on the strength of the AM samples, an aircraft flight control actuator was designed to achieve the highest level of safety integrity along with the greatest simplicity and lowest weight relative to hydraulic actuators manufactured using classical methods. The entire design process was integrated with the manufacturing process to achieve this target.

scholarly journals Transient Confinement of the Quaternary Tetramethylammonium Tetrafluoroborate Salt in Nylon 6,6 Fibres: Structural Developments for High Performance Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2938
Author(s):  
Ahmed Dawelbeit ◽  
Muhuo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Nylon 6,6 ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
Hot Drawing

A temporary confinement of the quaternary tetramethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TMA BF4) salt among polyamide molecules has been used for the preparation of aliphatic polyamide nylon 6,6 fibres with high-modulus and high-strength properties. In this method, the suppression or the weakening of the hydrogen bonds between the nylon 6,6 segments has been applied during the conventional low-speed melt spinning process. Thereafter, after the complete hot-drawing stage, the quaternary ammonium salt is fully extracted from the drawn 3 wt.% salt-confined fibres and the nascent fibres are, subsequently, thermally stabilized. The structural developments that are acquired in the confined-nylon 6,6 fibres are ascribed to the developments of the overall fibres’ properties due to the confinement process. Surprisingly, unlike the neat nylon 6,6 fibres, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the as-spun salt-confined fibres have shown diminishing of the (110)/(010) diffraction plane that obtained pseudohexagonal-like β’ structural phase. Moreover, the β’ pseudohexagonal-like to α triclinic phase transitions took-place due to the hot-drawing stage (draw-induced phase transitions). Interestingly, the hot-drawing of the as-spun salt-confined nylon 6,6 fibres achieved the same maximum draw ratio of 5.5 at all of the drawing temperatures of 120, 140 and 160 °C. The developments that happened produced the improved values of 43.32 cN/dtex for the tensile-modulus and 6.99 cN/dtex for the tensile-strength of the reverted fibres. The influences of the TMA BF4 salt on the structural developments of the crystal orientations, on the morphological structures and on the improvements of the tensile properties of the nylon 6,6 fibres have been intensively studied.

scholarly journals Fabrication of High-Performance Bamboo–Plastic Composites Reinforced by Natural Halloysite Nanotubes

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2259
Author(s):  
Xiaobei Jin ◽  
Jingpeng Li ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Zehui Jiang ◽  
Daochun Qin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
The Impact

Bamboo-plastic composites (BPCs) as new biomass-plastic composites have recently attracted much attention. However, weak mechanical performance and high moisture absorption as well as low thermal stability greatly limit their industrial applications. In this context, different amounts of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were used as a natural reinforcing filler for BPCs. It was found that the thermal stability of BPCs increased with increasing HNT contents. The mechanical strength of BPCs was improved with the increase in HNT loading up to 4 wt% and then worsened, while the impact strengths were slightly reduced. Low HNT content (below 4 wt%) also improved the dynamic thermomechanical properties and reduced the water absorption of the BPCs. Morphological studies confirmed the improved interfacial compatibility of the BPC matrix with 4 wt% HNT loading, and high-concentration HNT loading (above 6 wt%) resulted in easy agglomeration. The results highlight that HNTs could be a feasible candidate as nanoreinforcements for the development of high-performance BPCs.

Mechanical and Thermal Behaviors of the Acrylic Based Core-Shell Rubber Modified Poly(Lactic Acid)

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 340-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawadon Petchwattana ◽  
Sirijutaratana Covavisaruch ◽  
Nukul Euapanthasate
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
The Impact

Toughening of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biopolymer by particles of acrylic based core-shell rubber (CSR) was conducted to observe the influences of the rubber contents on the properties of the modified PLA. A series of PLA specimens modified with the CSR by 0.1-10 wt% was prepared by twin screw extrusion and injection. Diminishing brittleness was reflected in the dramatic increment of both the impact strength by threefolds and the elongation at break by fifteenfolds when CSR was employed by 10 wt%. The toughening was also accompanied with a decrease in the tensile modulus and strength. At low loading, the added CSR by 0.5wt% also assisted crystallization of the PLA by slightly lowering the crystallization temperature, allowing decreased processing time and improving the degree of crystallinity of the generally difficult to crystallize PLA.

Morphology of High-Performance Rigid-Rod Polymer Fibers and Molecular Composites

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
W.W. Adams ◽  
S. J. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Molecular Composites ◽  
Rigid Rod

Rigid-rod polymers such as PBO, poly(paraphenylene benzobisoxazole), Figure 1a, are now in commercial development for use as high-performance fibers and for reinforcement at the molecular level in molecular composites. Spinning of liquid crystalline polyphosphoric acid solutions of PBO, followed by washing, drying, and tension heat treatment produces fibers which have the following properties: density of 1.59 g/cm3; tensile strength of 820 kpsi; tensile modulus of 52 Mpsi; compressive strength of 50 kpsi; they are electrically insulating; they do not absorb moisture; and they are insensitive to radiation, including ultraviolet. Since the chain modulus of PBO is estimated to be 730 GPa, the high stiffness also affords the opportunity to reinforce a flexible coil polymer at the molecular level, in analogy to a chopped fiber reinforced composite. The objectives of the molecular composite concept are to eliminate the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between the fiber and the matrix, as occurs in conventional composites, to eliminate the interface between the fiber and the matrix, and, hopefully, to obtain synergistic effects from the exceptional stiffness of the rigid-rod molecule. These expectations have been confirmed in the case of blending rigid-rod PBZT, poly(paraphenylene benzobisthiazole), Figure 1b, with stiff-chain ABPBI, poly 2,5(6) benzimidazole, Fig. 1c A film with 30% PBZT/70% ABPBI had tensile strength 190 kpsi and tensile modulus of 13 Mpsi when solution spun from a 3% methane sulfonic acid solution into a film. The modulus, as predicted by rule of mixtures, for a film with this composition and with planar isotropic orientation, should be 16 Mpsi. The experimental value is 80% of the theoretical value indicating that the concept of a molecular composite is valid.

Dietary Vitamin and Stability of Oral Anticoagulation: Proposal of a Diet with Constant Vitamin K1 Content

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (03) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L Booth ◽  
Jacqueline M Charnley ◽  
James A Sadowski ◽  
Edward Saltzman ◽  
Edwin G Bovill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

SummaryCase reports cited in Medline or Biological Abstracts (1966-1996) were reviewed to evaluate the impact of vitamin K1 dietary intake on the stability of anticoagulant control in patients using coumarin derivatives. Reported nutrient-drug interactions cannot always be explained by the vitamin K1 content of the food items. However, metabolic data indicate that a consistent dietary intake of vitamin K is important to attain a daily equilibrium in vitamin K status. We report a diet that provides a stable intake of vitamin K1, equivalent to the current U.S. Recommended Dietary Allowance, using food composition data derived from high-performance liquid chromatography. Inconsistencies in the published literature indicate that prospective clinical studies should be undertaken to clarify the putative dietary vitamin K1-coumarin interaction. The dietary guidelines reported here may be used in such studies.

Co-cooking nonwoods with hardwoods

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
TROY RUNGE ◽  
CHUNHUI ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Xylan Content

Agricultural residues and energy crops are promising resources that can be utilized in the pulp and paper industry. This study examines the potential of co-cooking nonwood materials with hardwoods as means to incorporate nonwood material into a paper furnish. Specifically, miscanthus, switchgrass, and corn stover were substituted for poplar hardwood chips in the amounts of 10 wt %, 20 wt %, and 30 wt %, and the blends were subjected to kraft pulping experiments. The pulps were then bleached with an OD(EP)D sequence and then refined and formed into handsheets to characterize their physical properties. Surprisingly, all three co-cooked pulps showed improved strength properties (up to 35%). Sugar measurement of the pulps by high-performance liquid chromatography suggested that the strength increase correlated with enriched xylan content.

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