Effect of MMT concentrations as reinforcement on the properties of recycled PET/HDPE nanocomposites

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 615-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizuan Mohd Rosnan ◽  
Agus Arsad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Compatibilizing Agent

Abstract The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of incorporating montmorillonite (MMT) on the mechanical, morphological, rheological, and thermal properties of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposites. The MMT contents in 90:10 rPET/HDPE and 70:30 rPET/HDPE ranged from 1 to 5 wt.%. rPET/HDPE nanocomposites were prepared by using a single screw extruder, and injection molded to prepare mechanical test specimens. The samples underwent rheological tests by using a capillary rheometer, and the morphology of the nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal stability of the nanocomposites was tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that MMT acts as compatibilizing agent and improves phase dispersion and interfacial adhesion in the nanocomposites. The maximum tensile strength was found at 3 and 1 wt.% of MMT for the 90:10 and 70:30 rPET/HDPE blends. However, the tensile modulus decreased significantly with the incorporation of MMT. The impact strength for both the 90:10 and 70:30 blends reached a maximum at 3 wt.% and started to decrease beyond 3 wt.%. The incorporation of MMT increased the shear viscosity of the 90:10 and 70:30 blends, which reached a maximum value at 3 and 1 wt.%. SEM micrographs showed a good interaction of MMT that improved the adhesion between the two phases of blends and led to an increase in the mechanical properties of rPET/HDPE nanocomposites.

scholarly journals Enhanced Impact Strength of Recycled PET/Glass Fiber Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1471
Author(s):  
Marco Monti ◽  
Maria Teresa Scrivani ◽  
Irene Kociolek ◽  
Åge G. Larsen ◽  
Kjell Olafsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Ethylene Copolymers ◽  
Glass Fiber Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we report a study on the effects of different ethylene copolymers in improving the impact strength of a fiber-reinforced composite based on a recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) from post-consumer bottles. Different ethylene copolymers have been selected in order to evaluate the effects of the polar co-monomer chemical structure and content. The composite mixtures were prepared via melt extrusion, and the samples were manufactured by injection molding. Impact strength was evaluated using Izod tests, and a morphological study (FESEM) was performed. As a result, a composite with substantially improved impact properties was designed. This study demonstrates that a post-consumer PET from the municipal waste collection of plastic bottles can be successfully used as a matrix of high-performance, injection-molded composites, suitable for use in the automotive sector, among others, with no compromise in terms of mechanical requirements or thermal stability.

scholarly journals Investigation of Morphology of Recycled PET by Modulated DSC

2017 ◽  
Vol 885 ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
Bela Molnar ◽  
Ferenc Ronkay
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Modulated Dsc ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Total Heat Flow ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Poly Ethylene

During research injection molded samples were made from recycled poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Morphological properties of samples were investigated by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). Total heat flow was separated in two parts, reversing and non-reversing heat flow during measurements. Relationships were found between crystallization and melting processes: the initial crystallinity equals to the non-reversing melting, and the post-crystallization processes equals to reversing melting.

Fabrication of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polypropylene-based elastomer blends with balanced stiffness-toughness: The effect of reactive compatibilization

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572097323
Author(s):  
He-Zhi He ◽  
Shi-Ming Liu ◽  
Yi-Ping Ni ◽  
Feng Xue ◽  
Bin Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Group ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Reactive Compatibilization ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Methacrylate Copolymer ◽  
In Suit ◽  
The Impact

The PET/PBE blends with a good balance between toughness and stiffness were prepared via a novel elongational rheology extruder. In the light of the thermodynamic factors, EGMA as an interfacial modifier was selectively localized at the interface. When the weight fraction of Ethylene/Methylacrylate/Glycidyl Methacrylate copolymer (EGMA) was 6 wt%, the impact strength of the PET/EGMA/PBE blend soared to 35.00 KJ/m2, which is nearly seven times higher than that of its un-compatibilizer counterpart. Furthermore, compared to the un-compatibilized counterpart, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the PET/EGMA/PBE blend are only reduced by 10% and 13%, respectively. The improvement of mechanical properties of the compatibilized blends can be attributed to the enhanced interfacial reactive compatibilization between PET and PBE, and the fine dispersion of dispersed phase. The in-suit reaction between carboxyl or hydroxy group of PET and epoxy group of EGMA was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. In addition, both morphology and rheology characterization results suggested that the improved interfacial combination between PET and PBE was obtained with the inclusion of EGMA.

Shear Enhanced Crystallization and Tensile Behaviors of Oscillation Shear Injection Molded Poly(ethylene terephthalate)

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan-Ji Zhong ◽  
Zhan-Chun Chen ◽  
Zhong-Ming Li ◽  
Kai-Zhi Shen ◽  
Liangbin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Poly Ethylene

scholarly journals Impact of Enzymatic Degradation on the Material Properties of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3885
Author(s):  
Teresa Menzel ◽  
Sebastian Weigert ◽  
Andreas Gagsteiger ◽  
Yannik Eich ◽  
Sebastian Sittl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Material Failure ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
The Impact

With macroscopic litter and its degradation into secondary microplastic as a major source of environmental pollution, one key challenge is understanding the pathways from macro- to microplastic by abiotic and biotic environmental impact. So far, little is known about the impact of biota on material properties. This study focuses on recycled, bottle-grade poly(ethylene terephthalate) (r-PET) and the degrading enzyme PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis. Compact tension (CT) specimens were incubated in an enzymatic solution and thermally and mechanically characterized. A time-dependent study up to 96 h revealed the formation of steadily growing colloidal structures. After 96 h incubation, high amounts of BHET dimer were found in a near-surface layer, affecting crack propagation and leading to faster material failure. The results of this pilot study show that enzymatic activity accelerates embrittlement and favors fragmentation. We conclude that PET-degrading enzymes must be viewed as a potentially relevant acceleration factor in macroplastic degradation.

Wear Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Fibers Filled with Inorganic Fillers

2006 ◽  
Vol 977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihira Irisawa ◽  
Masatoshi Shioya ◽  
Haruki Kobayashi ◽  
Junichi Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Polymeric Fibers ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Pet Fibers ◽  
Inorganic Fillers ◽  
Poly Ethylene

AbstractThe wear resistance and the mechanical properties of polymer matrix composite fibers filled with inorganic fillers have been investigated in order to find out the way to increase the wear resistance of the fibers without losing tensile modulus and strength. Nylon 6 and poly(ethylene terephthalate) have been used as the matrix polymer and aluminum borate whisker and carbon nanotube have been used as the fillers. The wear resistance of the fibers has been evaluated by observing the fiber cross section after the side of the fiber was worn using a rotating drum covered with abrasive paper. The wear resistance of the nylon 6 and PET fibers was increased by the addition of these fillers without the loss of tensile modulus and strength. The effects of the addition of the fillers on the wear resistance have been compared with the effects of stretching and heat treatment of the fibers.

scholarly journals Aluminum-Filled Amorphous-PET, a Composite Showing Simultaneous Increase in Modulus and Impact Resistance

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2038
Author(s):  
Arfat Anis ◽  
Ahmed Yagoub Elnour ◽  
Mohammad Asif Alam ◽  
Saeed M. Al-Zahrani ◽  
Fayez AlFayez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Pure Metal ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
First Case ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Metal Filler ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Metal-plastic composites have the potential to combine enhanced electrical and thermal conductivity with a lower density than a pure metal. The drawback has often been brittleness and low impact resistance caused by weak adhesion between the metal filler and the plastic. Based on our observation that aluminum foil sticks very strongly to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) if it is used as a backing during compression moulding, this work set out to explore PET filled with a micro and a nano aluminum (Al) powder. In line with other composites using filler particles with low aspect-ratio, the tensile modulus increased somewhat with loading. However, unlike most particle composites, the strength did not decrease and most surprisingly, the Izod impact resistance increased, and in fact more than doubled with certain compositions. Thus, the Al particles acted as a toughening agent without decreasing the modulus and strength. This would be the first case where addition of a metal powder to a plastic increased the modulus and impact resistance simultaneously. The Al particles also acted as nucleating agents but it was not sufficient to make PET crystallize as fast as the injection moulding polyester, poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT).

scholarly journals Effects of Phase Morphology on Mechanical Properties: Oriented/Unoriented PP Crystal Combination with Spherical/Microfibrillar PET Phase

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dashan Mi ◽  
Yingxiong Wang ◽  
Maja Kuzmanovic ◽  
Laurens Delva ◽  
Yixin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Phase Morphology ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Immiscible Blends ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
The Impact

In situ microfibrillation and multiflow vibrate injection molding (MFVIM) technologies were combined to control the phase morphology of blended polypropylene (PP) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), wherein PP is the majority phase. Four kinds of phase structures were formed using different processing methods. As the PET content changes, the best choice of phase structure also changes. When the PP matrix is unoriented, oriented microfibrillar PET can increase the mechanical properties at an appropriate PET content. However, if the PP matrix is an oriented structure (shish-kebab), only the use of unoriented spherical PET can significantly improve the impact strength. Besides this, the compatibilizer polyolefin grafted maleic anhydride (POE-g-MA) can cover the PET in either spherical or microfibrillar shape to form a core–shell structure, which tends to improve both the yield and impact strength. We focused on the influence of all composing aspects—fibrillation of the dispersed PET, PP matrix crystalline morphology, and compatibilized interface—on the mechanical properties of PP/PET blends as well as potential synergies between these components. Overall, we provided a theoretical basis for the mechanical recycling of immiscible blends.

Effect of Graphite on Mechanical Thermal and Morphological Properties of Kenaf Recycle Polypropylene Wood Plastic Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Ros Azlinawati Ramli ◽  
Muhammad Syafiq Zulkifli ◽  
Nurul Ekmi Rabat
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Effective Distribution

The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of incorporating graphite filler on mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of wood recycled plastic composites (WrPC). WrPC was prepared using recycled polypropylene (rPP), kenaf core, maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) and graphite filler. The graphite content in WrPC is 3 phr. All materials were premixed manually and fed into a single screw extruder and compression molded to prepare mechanical test specimens. The effect of graphite on tensile properties, impact strength, glass transition temperature (Tg) and morphological properties of WrPC were studied. Tensile strength was increased from 6.81 MPa to 10.07 MPa due to stronger interfacial adhesion between graphite and kenaf/rPP. However, the tensile modulus decreased significantly with the incorporation of graphite. Impact strength of WrPC was increased from 2.48 kJ/m2 to 2.83 kJ/m2 due to the present of graphite that gave effective distribution of applied stress and increase resistance of crack propagation. DSC results indicated that Tg of graphite/WrPC is comparable to WPC at 163°C. The internal structure of WrPC showed the addition of graphite had filled the voids and lead to smooth morphology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document