Der καιρός bei Prokop von Kaisareia

Millennium ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-102
Author(s):  
Hansjoachim Andres
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Salvation History ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
The Right

Abstract Procopius’ view on history and the nature of his Weltanschauung have been amatter of debate for a long time. Especially the relation between the influence of God and the influence of fate is a central problem in the interpretation of the Corpus Procopianum. In contrast, the concept of καιρός has been disregarded almost universally. Starting with the two fundamental meanings of the term in Greek literature and thought, the right measure and the right time, this paper gives a first glance at Procopius’ use of this concept. It is shown that both of these meanings can have an ontological and practical aspect, in Greek literature as well as in Procopius and even beyond that,while the typical Greek understanding and use of the term is a synthesis of both. To understand how Procopius uses καιρός, one needs to expound the problems of this synthesis, that culminate in three major questions:Who is the originator of the καιρός? How frequently does the καιρός appear and does every human action have its καιρός? How does one know the presence of the καιρός and whence does one know how to act during it? After a careful study of the works of Procopius, using mainly the philosophy of Plato and the assumptions of Dariusz Brodka, the answers are: 1) The originator of the καιρός is God, who not only gives the opportunity, but at the same time implements the task to use this opportunity, so the καιρός becomes a part of Salvation History. This concept is shown to be similar to Old Testament views on time and opportunity. 2) Contrary to ancient thought, not every human action in Procopius has its καιρός. The moment only arises when God wants it to arise. 3) The human ability to know the presence of a καιρός and to know the right action during this moment Procopius understands according to Plato: it is possible through the application of experience and reason. In the Anecdota, the καιρός is used to further discredit and demonise Justinianus. The rule of the Emperor changes the basic conditions of the world in such a way that man is no longer able to recognise the godly καιρός through application of experience and therefore is unable to use this moment given by God. The amount of knowledge one needs to manipulate the world in such away is an impossibility foramere human, but a given for the demon Justinianus. The terror of Justinianus therefore gains a metaphysical dimension, just like the Emperor himself thanks to his presentation as a demon. Justinianus’ relation to the καιρός is horrible, for God neither presents him with such a moment nor is he able to do anything but act against the godly καιρός of others, for it is the nature of a demon to act against God. Finally it is shown that the καιρός of Procopius is very different from the καιρός of Thucydides. In Procopius it is a basic principle of God’s operations in the world, whereas in Thucydides it is a somewhat vague everyday term.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study in the (myth of Pygmalion) between Bernard Shaw and Sadeq Hedayat

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Latin Literature ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Many ◽  
Bernard Shaw ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
European Renaissance

In our time, not too long ago, the universities of the world have been fast to take care of the study of an innovative type of technical and human studies, called the science of "comparative literature". Comparative research studies have grown and flourished rapidly in response to the demands of both mental and artistic life. This shows the increasing awareness at both the modern national and the international levels in order to develop through connecting with the international intellectual, nental and artistic currents to nurture ethics and originality. Comparative studies show that the beginning of the comparative literature goes back to the time when the Latin literature was connected to the Greek literature and the comparative literature was shaped in the era of European Renaissance. Today, it is one of the most authentic sciences in universities, with complex branches, due to its being an inevitable result of increasing human awareness and the result of the great demand by the conscious public to benefit from the many human and cognitive aspects provided by the comparative literature through its connection with the heritage of the world literature and unity of the human spirit in its past and present. One of the most important factors of the prosperity of any civilization is the degree of contact with and benefit from other civilizations. Long time ago, different cultures were used to enrich each other, and the relationship between cultures took many forms such as imitation, translation, influencing others, as well as the exchange of information between cultures, in addition to intellectual and cultural invasion and domination. It is impossible to imagine that a particular culture evolved without any contact with other cultures. Instead, any isolated culture certainly suffered from deterioration.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleena s kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Nutritional Deficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Low Health Literacy ◽  
Hidden Hunger ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Right

Nutrients like proteins, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates and lipids are required for the right function of our body. Nutritional deficiency disorders are a major problem faced by the world, millions of people in the world suffer from undernourishment. Deficiency occurs when the food we are consuming does not contain the required amount of nutrients or when our body is not being able to absorb nutrients due to some genetic disorders or other secondary reasons. Nutritional deficiency is considered as the ‘hidden hunger’ and a person can suffer from deficiency of vitamins, proteins, minerals, carbohydrates and fatty acids. This review describes the different types of nutritional deficiencies, their causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention. The deficiencies are mostly asymptomatic but in a long time can very adversely affect the body functions and impair the immune system and cause chronic illness and infections. The severity of symptoms and the treatment varies from person to person. Poverty and low health literacy are the most important reasons for the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies in the world. However, these deficiencies can be prevented by promoting health education among adults, encouraging a healthy and active lifestyle and providing nutritional and healthy food to the ones who do not have access to it. Nutrition campaigns, supplementation and genetic engineering of plants and food crops has decreased the pervasiveness of deficiency disorders.

Enhancing Online Games with Agents

2011 ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Agostino Poggi
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
Online Games ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Popular Entertainment ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
The Right

Online games have grown during recent years into a popular entertainment form with a wide variety of games and player communities spread across the world. Such games have, as the most important requirements, to be ease-of-use, to induce newbies to play, and to maintain the game hard to master, to induce players to play for a long time. Moreover, given that a large set of them are based on the competition of (often numerous) teams of players and/or non-player character, then the use of smart and effective coordination techniques is indispensable for their development. Agent technologies can be considered a suitable solution for coping with the previous requirements. In fact, their learning and coordination capabilities make them the right means for both realizing online games and supporting players in all the operation that are necessary to play a game. The goal of this chapter is to describe the main reasons for which multi-agent systems are considered one of the most interesting technologies for the development of online games and for providing the most appropriate services to maintain game communities. It particular, this chapter introduces JADE, a software framework designed to aid the development of multi-agent applications, and shows how it can be used for the realization of online games that want both to be accessible through heterogeneous network and devices and to provide a smart set of services for their game communities.

scholarly journals OPINI GURU TENTANG PEMANFAATAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM DI ERA NEW NORMAL PANDEMI COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
EFLINA
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Student Attendance ◽  
Student Work ◽  
New Normal ◽  
The World ◽  
Teacher Needs ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Right

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran opini guru tentang pemanfaatan google classroom sebagai media pembelajaran di era new normal pandemi covid-19. Guru berperan sangat penting untuk tercapainya pendidikan yang berkualitas dan berkarakter. Metode pembelajaran yang disampaikan sebaiknya disajikan secara menarik dan mudah dipahami oleh siswa.Karenanya pemilihan media pembelajaran yang tepat pada situasi darurat, perlu menjadi bahan pertimbangan para guru selaku pemeran utama dalam dunia pendidikan.  Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey terhadap 31 orang guru yang mengajar di SMAN 1 Bakam dan SMAN 1 Pemali melalui sebaran angket tertutup dan terbuka dalam bentuk google form. Hasil angket disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik, serta dianalisis secara deskriptif. Terdapat rata-rata 88,7 % guru memberi respon positif dan menyatakan setuju pada keunggulan fitur-fitur google classroom. Hal ini didukung pula dari hasil angket terbuka yang menyatakan bahwa keunggulan google classroom tersebut, memfasilitasi semua kebutuhan guru, mulai dari mengontrol kehadiran siswa, membuat kelas, menyampaikan materi dan penugasan, melakukan evaluasi dan penilaian,  serta memberi umpan balik terhadap pekerjaan siswa. Semua data hasil pekerjan siswa, tersimpan dan terorganisir dengan baik pada google dan berlangsung lama. Kata kunci: opini guru; google classroom; pandemi covid-19   ABSTARCT This study aims to provide an overview of the teacher's opinion about the use of google classroom as a learning medium in the new normal era of the Covid-19 pandemic. Teachers play a very important role in achieving quality and character education. The learning method that is delivered should be presented in an attractive manner and easily understood by students. Therefore, choosing the right learning media in an emergency situation needs to be taken into consideration by teachers as the main players in the world of education. The research was conducted by surveying 31 teachers who taught at SMAN 1 Bakam and SMAN 1 Pemali through closed and open questionnaires in the form of google form. The results of the questionnaire were presented in tables and graphs, and were analyzed descriptively. There was an average of 88.7% of teachers giving positive responses and agreeing on the advantages of the Google classroom features. This is also supported by the results of an open questionnaire which states that the advantages of the google classroom are facilitating all teacher needs, starting from controlling student attendance, creating classes, delivering materials and assignments, conducting evaluations and assessments, and providing feedback on student work. All data on student work is stored and well organized on Google and lasts a long time. Key words: teachers opinion; google classroom; the covid-19 pandemic

scholarly journals Obstacles in Implementation of the Right to Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Kristián Čechmánek
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe paper discusses the right to water as an integral part of a third generation rights in terms of its feasibility. The author tries to point out the need of participation of the private sector in solutions for effective elimination of indisputable humanitarian crisis in the world caused by scarcity of the clean water and most importantly by inadequate access to clean water sources. A long time struggle towards fighting poverty and ensuring basic need for life only by means of official authorities proves that despite indisputable political and normative progress, states consistently fail in meeting demands of implementation. Therefore the author emphasizes the necessity of cooperative action of a private sector and public sector stemming into a participative solution.

scholarly journals Abortion Based on Moral’s Catholic in the Light of Ensiklik Evangelium Vitae

EMBRIO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-118
Author(s):  
Eugenius Ervan Sardono
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Text Interpretation ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church ◽  
Interpretation Method ◽  
The Catholic Church

The main focus of this article is to parse abortion in light of Catholic morals. The church authorities base their teachings in the encyclical, as one of these Catholic moral teachings is contained in the evangelium vitae. Abortion is a social phenomenon that has existed for a long time and is a hot topic of conversation. Abortion is divided into two, namely provocative and spontaneous abortion. In this study, the authors focused on the review of provocate abortion. The purpose of this article is (1) to elaborate on the reality of abortion in light of the Encyclical Evangelium Vitae, (2) How does the Encyclical Evangelium Vitae reinforce the concept of life and (3) What does the Catholic Church teach about abortion and its contribution to the world of health? This paper analyzes the abortion phenomenon with the text interpretation method, a phenomenological study of qualitative studies. Based on what is found, that the Catholic Church has a great concern with issues that violate the right to life. So, it can be concluded that, for whatever reason the Catholic Church still rejects abortion.

Asking the Right Question

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 605-608
Author(s):  
Frank Munger
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Law And Society ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Marianne Constable's essay, “Genealogy and Jurisprudence,” brings the intellectual history of the law and society field within the framework of Nietzsche's six-stage history of metaphysics. Reorganized within that framework, the work of particular law and society scholars is seen to represent stages of thought about the relationship between the world of appearances described in empirical research and the possibilities for human action. Successive movements among law and society scholars pass, like Nietzsche's history of metaphysics, through stages of “error” (positivism, empiricism, critical legal studies, interpretive studies, constitutive theory), moving closer to complete acceptance of the view that action need not follow either legal rules or empirically described patterns and, thus, can be free.

scholarly journals The right to death. Fiction or reality?

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (31) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Maria Casandra Lucan
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Right ◽  
Literature Result ◽  
Protection Of Life

Abstract The present article is part of a dense literature – result of a perennial debate – that has polarized societies for a long time and has evident reverberations in the present. It deals with “the right to death”, trying to offer some answers referring to its existence in fact and the way in which it is perceived by different states and diverse entities with juridical nature. In the first part of the paper, it is insisted upon the right to life, so that subsequently, to speak in detail about a “right to death” and the moral and juridical implications of using such phrases. There are analyzed different states of the world found on one part or the other of the barricade in what concerns the legality of euthanasia and assisted suicide – considered the two hypostasis of the right in question. It is offered, as well, an analysis of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, mentioning that, paradoxically, while it cannot be modified so that it allows the appearance of some new rights, it can tacitly accept the creation by some states that have adhered to it of some rights antagonistic with those presented in its text. The conclusion, is that not any liberalization movement of a social action – quantified through the request of a right – has as a direct result a progress of the respective society, especially when the action creates something diametrically opposed to some fundamental functioning norms, such as, by excellence, the granting of the protection of life of all individuals.

scholarly journals Violent Extremism: A Challenge for Pacific Feminism

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 219-231
Author(s):  
Carmen Magallón Portolés
Keyword(s):  
Security Council ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
The Core ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Armed Violence ◽  
The Right

The right of women to participate in peace processes was finally recognised and promoted by the international community in UN Security Council Resolution 1325/2000. This victory for reason was a long time coming. Diverse women thinkers and groups began pondering the issue over a century ago and they followed the path of anti-war initiatives. It is they who sowed the seeds of Pacifist Feminism. This participation has led to various achievements when it comes to: starting negotiations; resuming negotiations after stalemate; extending agreements; broadening the issues addressed; taking gender into account. Over the last few decades, armed violence against the population has widened and shifted in scope: most of the active armed conflicts in the world involve home-grown Violent Extremism (VE), which affects both the Global South and North. The paper discusses what the emergence of VE means for Pacifist Feminism, the challenges it poses and the core of the debate, strategiesand action within the context of growing globalised cyber-activism.

Peran Pengawasan Internal Dalam Menghindari Kutukan Sumber Daya Alam

Liquidity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Andilo Tohom
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Rich Country ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
The Right

Indonesia is one of many countries in the world so called resource-rich country. Natural resources abundance needs to be managed in the right way in order to avoid dutch diseases and resources curses. These two phenomena generally happened in the country, which has abundant natural resources. Learned from Norwegian experiences, Indonesian Government need to focus its policy to prevent rent seeking activities. The literature study presented in this paper is aimed to provide important insight for government entities in focusing their policies and programs to avoid resources curse. From the internal audit perspective, this study is expected to improve internal audit’s role in assurance and consulting.

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