How specific is the learning in an auditory frequency discrimination task?

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Zaltz ◽  
Daphne Ari-Even Roth ◽  
Liat Kishon-Rabin
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Frequency Discrimination

Auditory induced 40-Hz activity during a frequency discrimination task

NeuroImage ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. S370 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Bertrand ◽  
C. Tallon-Baudry ◽  
M.H. Giard ◽  
J. Pernier
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Frequency Discrimination ◽  
40 Hz

Divided Attention Impairs Human Motor Adaptation But Not Feedback Control

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan A. Taylor ◽  
Kurt A. Thoroughman
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Divided Attention ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Frequency Discrimination ◽  
Tone Frequency ◽  
Movement Trial ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm ◽  
Force Perturbation

When humans experience externally induced errors in a movement, the motor system's feedback control compensates for those errors within the movement. The motor system's predictive control then uses information about those errors to inform future movements. The role of attention in these two distinct motor processes is unclear. Previous experiments have revealed a role for attention in motor learning over the course of many movements; however, these experimental paradigms do not determine how attention influences within-movement feedback control versus across-movement adaptation. Here we develop a dual-task paradigm, consisting of movement and audio tasks, which can differentiate and expose attention's role in these two processes of motor control. Over the course of several days, subjects performed horizontal reaching movements, with and without the audio task; movements were occasionally subjected to transient force perturbations. On movements with a force perturbation, subjects compensated for the force-induced movement errors, and on movements immediately after the force perturbation subjects exhibited adaptation. On every movement trial, subjects performed a two-tone frequency-discrimination task. The temporal specificity of the frequency-discrimination task allowed us to divide attention within and across movements. We find that divided attention did not impair the within-movement feedback control of the arm, but did reduce subsequent movement adaptation. We suggest that the secondary task interfered with the encoding and transformation of errors into changes in predictive control.

scholarly journals The Effect of Patterned Sound Deprivation upon Auditory Discrimination in Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Robin Fraser Patchett
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Pattern Discrimination ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Frequency Discrimination ◽  
Auditory Discrimination ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Auditory Pattern

<p>To test the hypothesis that prior patterned or varied auditory experience was necessary for the development of auditory frequency discrimination and auditory pattern discrimination, groups of sprague-Dawley albino rats were deprived of patterned sound from birth by the novel technique of rearing them in 'white' noise. The sound deprived rats learned a frequency discrimination as easily as controls reared in varied sound conditions, but showed inferior performance on an auditory pattern discrimination task. Supporting experiments showed that the inferiority of varied sound deprived animals on the pattern discrimination task was not likely to have been due to their emotional state at the time of the testing nor to their inferiority in learning to respond in a discrimination task compared with non-deprived controls. Open-field testing showed that the sound deprived subjects did not differ from non-deprived controls in 'emotionality'. The sound deprived rats were not inferior, either, to controls on a complex visual discrimination task. Experiments were also carried out to explore the effect of various durations of patterned sound deprivation and the effect of the deprivation at various times in the life cycle of the rat on auditory pattern discrimination. The results of these experiments favoured an explanation for the effect of varied sound experience which proposed that patterned auditory discrimination development depended, simply, on prior experience with varied sound rather than an explanation which proposed that the effect depended on varied sound experience during a particular sensitive period in the life of the rat. The research involved a total of seven different experiments, the similarities in the findings of which when compared with those of other investigators working in the area of the effects of deprivation of patterned light on visual discriminations were noted. The present experiments support generalizations about the role of prior experience on later behaviour, based largely on experiments in the visual mode, by supplying evidence from another sensory mode.</p>

Changes in the distributed temporal response properties of SI cortical neurons reflect improvements in performance on a temporally based tactile discrimination task

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1071-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Recanzone ◽  
M. M. Merzenich ◽  
C. E. Schreiner
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Cortical Area ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Tactile Stimulus ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Frequency Discrimination ◽  
Temporal Response ◽  
Owl Monkeys ◽  
Control Skin ◽  
Area 3B

1. Temporal response characteristics of neurons were sampled in fine spatial grain throughout the hand representations in cortical areas 3a and 3b in adult owl monkeys. These monkeys had been trained to detect small differences in tactile stimulus frequencies in the range of 20-30 Hz. Stimuli were presented to an invariant, restricted spot on a single digit. 2. The absolute numbers of cortical locations and the cortical area over which neurons showed entrained frequency-following responses to behaviorally important stimuli were significantly greater when stimulation was applied to the trained skin, as compared with stimulation on an adjacent control digit, or at corresponding skin sites in passively stimulated control animals. 3. Representational maps defined with sinusoidal stimuli were not identical to maps defined with just-visible tapping stimuli. Receptive-field/frequency-following response site mismatches were recorded in every trained monkey. Mismatches were less frequently recorded in the representations of control skin surfaces. 4. At cortical locations with entrained responses, neither the absolute firing rates of neurons nor the degree of the entrainment of the response were correlated with behavioral discrimination performance. 5. All area 3b cortical locations with entrained responses evoked by stimulation at trained or untrained skin sites were combined to create population peristimulus time and cycle histograms. In all cases, stimulation of the trained skin resulted in 1) larger-amplitude responses, 2) peak responses earlier in the stimulus cycle, and 3) temporally sharper responses, than did stimulation applied to control skin sites. 6. The sharpening of the response of cortical area 3b neurons relative to the period of the stimulus could be accounted for by a large subpopulation of neurons that had highly coherent responses. 7. Analysis of cycle histograms for area 3b neuron responses revealed that the decreased variance in the representation of each stimulus cycle could account for behaviorally measured frequency discrimination performance. A strong correlation between these temporal response distributions and the discriminative performances for stimuli applied at all studied skin surfaces was even stronger (r = 0.98) if only the rising phases of cycle histogram were considered in the analysis. 8. The responses of neurons in area 3a could not account for measured differences in frequency discrimination performance. 9. These representational changes did not occur in monkeys that were stimulated on the same schedule but were performing an auditory discrimination task during skin stimulation. 10. It is concluded that by behaviorally training adult owl monkeys to discriminate the temporal features of a tactile stimulus, distributed spatial and temporal response properties of cortical neurons are altered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

The effect of gender on a frequency discrimination task in children

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Zaltz ◽  
Daphne Ari-Even Roth ◽  
Hilla Gover ◽  
Shay Liran ◽  
Liat Kishon-Rabin
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Frequency Discrimination

scholarly journals The Effect of Patterned Sound Deprivation upon Auditory Discrimination in Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Robin Fraser Patchett
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Pattern Discrimination ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Frequency Discrimination ◽  
Auditory Discrimination ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Auditory Pattern

<p>To test the hypothesis that prior patterned or varied auditory experience was necessary for the development of auditory frequency discrimination and auditory pattern discrimination, groups of sprague-Dawley albino rats were deprived of patterned sound from birth by the novel technique of rearing them in 'white' noise. The sound deprived rats learned a frequency discrimination as easily as controls reared in varied sound conditions, but showed inferior performance on an auditory pattern discrimination task. Supporting experiments showed that the inferiority of varied sound deprived animals on the pattern discrimination task was not likely to have been due to their emotional state at the time of the testing nor to their inferiority in learning to respond in a discrimination task compared with non-deprived controls. Open-field testing showed that the sound deprived subjects did not differ from non-deprived controls in 'emotionality'. The sound deprived rats were not inferior, either, to controls on a complex visual discrimination task. Experiments were also carried out to explore the effect of various durations of patterned sound deprivation and the effect of the deprivation at various times in the life cycle of the rat on auditory pattern discrimination. The results of these experiments favoured an explanation for the effect of varied sound experience which proposed that patterned auditory discrimination development depended, simply, on prior experience with varied sound rather than an explanation which proposed that the effect depended on varied sound experience during a particular sensitive period in the life of the rat. The research involved a total of seven different experiments, the similarities in the findings of which when compared with those of other investigators working in the area of the effects of deprivation of patterned light on visual discriminations were noted. The present experiments support generalizations about the role of prior experience on later behaviour, based largely on experiments in the visual mode, by supplying evidence from another sensory mode.</p>

Specificity of perceptual learning in a frequency discrimination task

2000 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 2964-2968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexter R. F. Irvine ◽  
Russell L. Martin ◽  
Ester Klimkeit ◽  
Rachel Smith
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Frequency Discrimination
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