Network Polymer, Polymer Network

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Jenkins ◽  
P. Kratochvĺl ◽  
R. F. T. Stepto ◽  
U. W. Suter
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Network ◽  
Network Polymer

A New Derivation of Postgel Properties of Network Polymers

1976 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1219-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Miller ◽  
C. W. Macosko
Keyword(s):  
General Result ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Probability Generating Function ◽  
Finite Chain ◽  
Network Polymer ◽  
Network Polymers ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Recursive Scheme ◽  
Effective Network

Abstract The probability of a finite or dangling chain on an ideal polymer network has been derived by a simple recursive scheme. In contrast to the method of Dobson and Gordon, probability generating function formalism is not required. The general result, Equations (21), and its specific solutions, Equations (23), (24), and (30), give the finite chain probability as a function of reactant type and extent of polymerization. They cover most of the important types of network forming polymerizations. From the finite chain probability, useful property relations such as sol fraction, crosslink density, and the number of elastically effective network chains are developed. Because of their simplicity, we expect these relations to be further developed and applied to network polymer property measurements.

New Methods of Preparing Multi-Functional Nanocomposite Coatings

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 1979-1982
Author(s):  
Oleg Figovsky
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Network ◽  
Nanocomposite Materials ◽  
Nanocomposite Coatings ◽  
Network Polymer ◽  
New Class ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Nano Structures ◽  
Curing Agents ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Nanostructured coatings based on interpenetrated polymer network of polyurethanes, polyacrylates or epoxide resins and containing nanoparticles of SiO2, TiO2 and other metal oxides introduced into a polymeric matrix was elaborated. Technology of the unique coatings provides control of their micro-and nano-structures. Formulation of a new class of nanocomposite materials is characterized by the absence of contaminants in the polymers technology [1]. The main components of the technology are branched (dendro)-aminosilanes which serve as curing agents for many oligomers. Additional hydrolysis of aminosilane oligomers creates the secondary nano-structured network polymer that improves performance of the compound.

scholarly journals Light-triggered topological programmability in a dynamic covalent polymer network

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (13) ◽  
pp. eaaz2362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weike Zou ◽  
Binjie Jin ◽  
Yi Wu ◽  
Huijie Song ◽  
Yingwu Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Topology ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Isomerization Reaction ◽  
Network Polymer ◽  
Robotic Arms ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Topological States ◽  
High Degree

Dynamic covalent polymer networks exhibit unusual adaptability while maintaining the robustness of conventional covalent networks. Typically, their network topology is statistically nonchangeable, and their material properties are therefore nonprogrammable. By introducing topological heterogeneity, we demonstrate a concept of topology isomerizable network (TIN) that can be programmed into many topological states. Using a photo-latent catalyst that controls the isomerization reaction, spatiotemporal manipulation of the topology is realized. The overall result is that the network polymer can be programmed into numerous polymers with distinctive and spatially definable (thermo-) mechanical properties. Among many opportunities for practical applications, the unique attributes of TIN can be explored for use as shape-shifting structures, adaptive robotic arms, and fracture-resistant stretchable devices, showing a high degree of design versatility. The TIN concept enriches the design of polymers, with potential expansion into other materials with variations in dynamic covalent chemistries, isomerizable topologies, and programmable macroscopic properties.

scholarly journals Bio-based Flexible Network Polymer from Epoxidized Soybean Oil Reinforced by Poly(butyl methacrylate)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Nao Hosoda ◽  
Hisao Hayashi ◽  
Takashi Tsujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Epoxidized Soybean Oil ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Network Polymer ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Good Thermal Stability

This study deals with the synthesis of a plant oil-based polymeric material from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA). PolyESO/PBMAs were synthesized by an acid-catalyzed curing in the presence of PBMA to give a transparent bio-based polymeric material. During the reaction, the PBMA components scarcely reacted with ESO and were dispersed in the ESO polymer matrix to form semi-interpenetrating polymer network. The resulting polyESO/PBMA exhibited excellent flexibility. The incorporation of the PBMA components improved the mechanical properties of the plant oil-based network polymer. Furthermore, the polyESO/PBMA showed relatively good thermal stability. The present materials are expected to contribute to the development of bio-based polymeric materials.

Freeze-etch TEM of aqueous polymer gel network morphology

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 796-797
Author(s):  
J. A. N. Zasadzinski ◽  
R. K. Prud'homme
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Polymer Gels ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Deformation History ◽  
Crosslinked Polymer ◽  
Aqueous Polymer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gel Network ◽  
Network Morphology

The rheological and mechanical properties of crosslinked polymer gels arise from the structure of the gel network. In turn, the structure of the gel network results from: thermodynamically determined interactions between the polymer chain segments, the interactions of the crosslinking metal ion with the polymer, and the deformation history of the network. Interpretations of mechanical and rheological measurements on polymer gels invariably begin with a conceptual model of,the microstructure of the gel network derived from polymer kinetic theory. In the present work, we use freeze-etch replication TEM to image the polymer network morphology of titanium crosslinked hydroxypropyl guars in an attempt to directly relate macroscopic phenomena with network structure.

Investigation of the Microscopic Viscoelastic Property for Cross-linked Polymer Network by Molecular Dynamics Simulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Masumoto ◽  
Y. Iida
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Microscopic Dynamic ◽  
Coarse Grained Molecular Dynamics

Abstract The purpose of this work is to develop a new analytical method for simulating the microscopic mechanical property of the cross-linked polymer system using the coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. This new analytical method will be utilized for the molecular designing of the tire rubber compound to improve the tire performances such as rolling resistance and wet traction. First, we evaluate the microscopic dynamic viscoelastic properties of the cross-linked polymer using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. This simulation has been conducted by the coarse-grained molecular dynamics program in the OCTA) (http://octa.jp/). To simplify the problem, we employ the bead-spring model, in which a sequence of beads connected by springs denotes a polymer chain. The linear polymer chains that are cross-linked by the cross-linking agents express the three-dimensional cross-linked polymer network. In order to obtain the microscopic dynamic viscoelastic properties, oscillatory deformation is applied to the simulation cell. By applying the time-temperature reduction law to this simulation result, we can evaluate the dynamic viscoelastic properties in the wide deformational frequency range including the rubbery state. Then, the stress is separated into the nonbonding stress and the bonding stress. We confirm that the contribution of the nonbonding stress is larger at lower temperatures. On the other hand, the contribution of the bonding stress is larger at higher temperatures. Finally, analyzing a change of microscopic structure in dynamic oscillatory deformation, we determine that the temperature/frequency dependence of bond stress response to a dynamic oscillatory deformation depends on the temperature dependence of the average bond length in the equilibrium structure and the temperature/frequency dependence of bond orientation. We show that our simulation is a useful tool for studying the microscopic properties of a cross-linked polymer.

The diffusion coefficients 110mAg isotope in copper-contained chalcogenide films obtained by chemical deposition

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Д.Л. Байдаков
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Chalcogenide Glasses ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Chemical Deposition ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Residual Pressure ◽  
Quartz Ampoule ◽  
Chalcogenide Films

Методом химического нанесения из растворов халькогенидных стекол в н-бутиламине получены многокомпонентные халькогенидные пленки CuI-As2Se3, CuI-PbI2-As2Se3, CuI-SbI3-As2Se3, CuI-SbI3-PbI2-As2Se3. Синтез многокомпонентных медьсодержащих халькогенидных стекол, использовавшихся для нанесения пленок, проводили методом вакуумной плавки в кварцевых ампулах при температуре 400…950 °С и остаточном давлении не более 0,13 Па. Закалку стекол производили от 600 °С в воду со льдом с разливом расплава в ампуле. Навеску стекла размельчали в порошок и кипятили в н-бутиламине до полного растворения. Для предотвращения процессов окисления, нанесение и отжиг пленок проводили в атмосфере химически инертного азота. Подложку помещали на устройство для вращения, наносили на нее раствор и вращали подложку со скоростью несколько тысяч оборотов в минуту. Отжиг пленок проводили при температуре 100 °С в течение 1 ч. Измерение электропроводности полученных пленок проводили на постоянном и переменном токе в зависимости от значений электропроводности в температурном интервале 20…100 °С. Измерение коэффициентов диффузии проводили абсорбционным методом. Из диффузионных экспериментов определены значения коэффициентов диффузии катионов изотопа 110mAg в медьсодержащих халькогенидных пленках. Установлено, что значения коэффициентов диффузии ионов Ag+ в химически нанесенных пленках и исходных стеклах практически не различаются. Аналогию значений коэффициентов диффузии изотопа 110mAg в халькогенидных стеклах и пленках на их основе можно объяснить сохранением полимерной сетки связей халькогенидных стекол при их растворении в органических основаниях (аминах). В процессе нанесения и формирования пленок полимерная (макромолекулярная) структура раствора халькогенидных стекол сохраняется. The method of chemical deposition from solutions of chalcogenide glasses in n-butyl amine obtained multicomponent chalcogenide films CuI-As2Se3, CuI-PbI2-As2Se3, CuI-SbI3-As2Se3, CuI-SbI3-PbI2-As2Se3. Synthesis of copper multicomponent chalcogenide glasses, used for film deposition was carried out by vacuum melting in quartz ampoule at a temperature of 400…950 °C and a residual pressure of not more than 0.13 Pa. The temperature of glass produced from the 600 °C to the ice water spill of the melt in the ampoule. Weigh glass comminuted to a powder and heated in n-butylamine until complete dissolution. To prevent oxidation, deposition and annealing of the films was carried out in an atmosphere of nitrogen chemically inert. The substrate is placed on a device for rotating, it was applied to the solution and the substrate was rotated at a speed of several thousand revolutions per minute. Annealing of the films was carried out at 100 °C for 1 hour. Measurement of the electrical conductivity of the obtained films was conducted at a constant current and variable depending on the conductivity values ​​in the temperature range from 20 to 100 °C. Measurement of diffusion coefficients was performed according to the absorption method. From diffusion experiments, the values ​​of the diffusion coefficients 110mAg isotope cations in copper chalcogenide films. It was found that the values ​​of the diffusion coefficients of the ions Ag+ in a chemically deposited films and the original glasses are indistinguishable. The analogy of the diffusion coefficient values ​​110mAg isotope in chalcogenide glasses and films based on them can be attributed to the preservation of the polymer network connections chalcogenide glasses when dissolved in organic bases (amines). During application and film formation the polymer (macromolecular) structure of chalcogenide glasses of the solution is maintained.

scholarly journals Impact of adhesive and photoactivation method on sealant integrity and polymer network formation

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges ◽  
Fabrício Lopes da Rocha Pereira ◽  
Roberta Caroline Bruschi Alonso ◽  
Rodivan Braz ◽  
Marcos Antônio Japiassú Resende Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Formation ◽  
Polymer Network

scholarly journals Porous scaffolds with the structure of an interpenetrating polymer network made by gelatin methacrylated nanoparticle-stabilized high internal phase emulsion polymerization targeted for tissue engineering

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (37) ◽  
pp. 22544-22555
Author(s):  
Atefeh Safaei-Yaraziz ◽  
Shiva Akbari-Birgani ◽  
Nasser Nikfarjam
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Tissue Scaffolds ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Internal Phase

The interlacing of biopolymers and synthetic polymers is a promising strategy to fabricate hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds to biomimic a natural extracellular matrix for cell growth.

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