scholarly journals Wood quality and value production in mixed fir-spruce-beech stands: long-term research in the Western Carpathians

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Petráš ◽  
Julián Mecko ◽  
Michal Bošeľa ◽  
Vladimír Šebeň
Keyword(s):  
Wood Quality ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Stem Quality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Value Production

Abstract Stem quality and damage was evaluated in mixed spruce-fir-beech stands. Moreover, an assortments structure was determined with their financial value. Results were compared with pure spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), fir (Abies alba Mill.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands. Repeated measurements on 31 long-term research plots, stand assortment models, assortment yield models and value yield models were used. Stem quality of fir and spruce was only slightly lower in mixed stands compared to pure stands but beech stem quality was considerably worse in mixed stands. Fir and spruce had slightly lower proportions of better IIIA quality logs and higher proportions of IIIB quality in mixed stands. Beech had worse assortment structure than spruce and fir, in general. Pure beech stands had higher proportions of better I–IIIA quality assortments than mixed stands by 1–7%. Fir and spruce average value production (€ m−3) culminated at about 56 and 62 cm mean diameters. Almost the same value production was found in pure stands. In these stands it culminated at the mean diameter of 58 and 60 cm. Beech produced substantially less value on the same sites. In mixed stands, its value production culminated at the mean diameter of 40 cm. In pure stands, it culminated at the mean diameter of 36 cm. Although the production was found to be similar in both mixed and pure forests, higher damage intensity and less stem quality in mixed forests suggest that the pure forests can be more profitable.

The influence of mixtures of Stylosanthes spp. accessions on the occurrence of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD Davis ◽  
S Chakraborty ◽  
DF Cameron ◽  
JAG Irwin ◽  
RM Boland
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Long Term Studies

The effectiveness of using accession mixtures of Stylosanthes spp. to manage anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) in pastures in northern Australia was examined during three consecutive years. Two mixtures containing six accessions were compared with the components grown as pure stands. No significant differences in anthracnose incidence (proportion of infected plants/plot) were indicated between the two mixtures and the mean incidence of their respective components grown in pure swards. Areas under the disease progress curves for the accessions were not significantly different between pure and mixed stands of the cultivars other than Seca and Verano. Resistant cultivar Seca developed more disease in a mixture than in a pure stand, and moderately resistant Verano had less disease in a mixture than in a pure stand. In the short term, no apparent anthracnose control advantage is achieved in highly susceptible accessions of Stylosanthes spp. when they are included in mixtures with less susceptible accessions. Long term studies involving grazing animals are necessary to adequately evaluate control of this disease through the use of mixtures.

scholarly journals Natural history of the enlarged ascending thoracic aorta: an observational long term study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Schroeder ◽  
B Bihin ◽  
M Buche ◽  
P.H Eucher ◽  
J Felix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract   To assess the long-term outcome of patients with an enlarged ascending thoracic aorta (ATA), a retrospective study was performed. Methods Inclusion criteria: ATA diameter of 38 mm or more by ETT (813 consecutive cases). Inclusion period: 1.1.2003–31.12.2016. Results At baseline, the mean diameter of the ATA was 42±3 mm, the mean Z-score was 2.7±0.8. In the subgroup of patients with 2 ETT examinations (and no surgical cure of the ATA), the mean diameter was 41.9±4.8 mm, the mean Z-score 2.4±1.1 after a mean follow-up of 6 years. During the follow-up, 52 patients had an intervention on the ATA, 26 patients were operated within the first 3 months after the diagnostic echocardiogram. 26 patients were operated during FU. In the 791 remaining patients (without early intervention), the event rate (death, intervention on the ATA) were assessed by the competing risk model. In the group of patients with a baseline ATA diameter of less than 41 mm (Group A: n=254), the cumulative incidence of death at 5 and 10 y was 34% and 61%; in the group of patients with an ATA diameter of 41–42 mm (Group B: n=238) the incidence was 34% and 61% respectively, in the group of patients with an ATA diameter of 43–44 mm (Group C: n=147), the incidence was 32% and 58%, in the group of patients with a diameter of 45 and more (Group D: n=150), the incidence was 31.1% and 61% (NS). The cumulative incidence of surgical interventions on the ATA at 5 and 10 years was 0.4% and 1% in group A, 1.3 and 1.8% in group B, 0.7 and 1.4% in group C and 9.8 and 12.9% in group D (p<0.05). Similar results were observed in patients according to the Z-scores. In the group of patients (221) with a Z-score >3, the incidence of intervention at 5 and 10 y was respectively 7.6% and 10.7% (p=0.01). Conclusions – The mean diameter of the enlarged ATA remained nearly unchanged over a period of 6 years. – No impact of the enlarged ATA on survival was observed. – Only patients with an ATA diameter of 45 mm and more (or a Z-score of 3 and more) needed an intervention on the ATA at a rate of ± 10% at 10 y after the initial echocardiographic diagnosis. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals How the Chaos Theory is Defeated in the Yabu Meteorological Station, Cuba

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 1059-1066
Author(s):  
Ricardo Oses Rodriguez ◽  
Claudia Oses Llanes ◽  
Rigoberto Fimia Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Meteorological Station ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Wind Force ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Persistence Model ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ror Model

In this work, 8 weather variables were modeled at the Yabu meteorological station, Cuba, a daily database from the Yabu meteorological station, Cuba, of extreme temperatures, extreme humidity and their average value, precipitation, was used. The force of the wind and the cloudiness corresponding to the period from 1977 to 2021, a linear mathematical model is obtained through the methodology of Regressive Objective Regression (ROR) for each variable that explains their behavior, depending on these 15, 13, 10 and 8 years in advance. It is concluded that these models allow the long-term forecast of the weather, opening a new possibility for the forecast, concluding that the chaos in time can be overcome if this way of predicting is used, the calculation of the mean error regarding the forecast of persistence in temperatures, wind force and cloud cover, while the persistence model is better in humidity, this allows to have valuable information in the long term of the weather in a locality, which results in a better decision making in the different aspects of the economy and society that are impacted by the weather forecast. It is the first time that an ROR model has been applied to the weather forecast processes for a specific day 8, 10, 13 and 15 years in advance.

scholarly journals Percutaneous Alcohol Sclerotherapy of Simple Hepatic Cysts. Results From a Multicentre Survey in Italy

HPB Surgery ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Montorsi ◽  
Guido Torzilli ◽  
Uberto Fumagalli ◽  
Stefano Bona ◽  
Riccardo Rosati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Hepatic Cysts ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

The increased use of Ultrasonography (US) has led to increased detection of simple hepatic cysts. For symptomatic cysts treatment is necessary. Until some years ago surgery was the only therapy. We have treated a large number of patients with Percutaneous Alcohol Sclerotherapy (PAS) and evaluated retrospectively the efficacy of this approach.Data on 21 patients with symptomatic simple hepatic cysts were reviewed retrospectively. Cysts had a mean diameter of 9 cm (range: 7–15 cm). PAS was always performed under local anesthesia and US guidance. 25% of the volume was replaced with 95% ethanol and then completely aspirated after 20–30 minutes.No complications or deaths occurred. In all patients symptoms disappeared after treatment. In 15 out of 21 cases there was no evidence of residual cyst on US, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MRI). In 6 patients with shorter follow-up, cysts showed a mean reduction in diameter of 50%. The mean follow-up was 18 months (range 6–60 months).We conclude that PAS is easy with low risk for the patients and with good long-term results; it should therefore become the procedure of choice for simple hepatic cysts.

Sulphation of Topsoil in Hehua Village, Zhijin County, Guizhou Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 360-363
Author(s):  
Xiu Ping Hong ◽  
Jiang Wei Bai ◽  
Hong Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Endemic Fluorosis ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Sulfate ◽  
Western Guizhou ◽  
New Discovery

The endemic fluorosis in western Guizhou Province,southwest China was confirmed to be collected with high-content fluorine in topsoil (clay for coal-burning) of Hehua Village, Zhijin County,Guizhou Province ,which was considered to be closely associated with the long-term occurrence of endemic fluorosis. The new discovery in this article confirms that the mean value of apparent acidity of topsoil (pHa) in this village is 4.92;The measured average value of total sulfate radical was 4465μg/g. In addition, the apparent acidity and the content of total sulfate were positively correlated (correlation coefficient:0.7920).The result shows that the topsoil in this village is acidic and may belong to sulphation.

scholarly journals Demographic variability in spruce-fir-beech forest stands in Europe

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Lagarrigues ◽  
Franck Jabot ◽  
Andreas Zingg ◽  
Jean-Claude Gégout ◽  
Matija Klopčič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Dynamics ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Demographic Processes

1AbstractMany studies have predicted large changes in forest dynamics during the next century because of global warming. Although empirical approaches and studies based on species distribution models provide valuable information about future changes, they do not take into account biotic interactions and stand-level demographic variations. The objective of this study was to quantify the local and regional variability of the growth and regeneration of three important forest species growing often in mixed stands in Europe (Picea abies (L.) Karst., Abies alba Mill., Fagus sylvatica), and to assess the climatic drivers of this variability. For that purpose, we collected a large forestry data set compiling the long-term (up to 100 years) evolution of species and size distributions for 163 stands across Europe, in the mesic distribution area of these forests. We used an inverse modeling approach, Approximate Bayesian Computation, to calibrate an individual-based model of forest dynamics on these data. Our study revealed that the variability of the demographic processes was of the same order of magnitude between stands of a same forest as between different forests. Out of the three species and two demographic processes studied, only the fir growth strongly varied with temperature. Water availability did not explain any demographic variation over stands. For these forests experiencing mesic conditions, local unmeasured factors seem therefore to have an influence at least as important as macro-environmental factors on demographic variations. Efforts to include these important factors in projection scenarios should therefore be prioritized. Besides, our study demonstrates that inverse modelling methods make possible the analysis of long-term forestry data. Such data should therefore be more widely compiled and used for ecological and global change research.

Prospektiver Verlauf von 36 Patienten mit 46 Poplitealaneurysmata unter konservativer Therapie

VASA ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Stiegler ◽  
Mendler ◽  
Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Complication Rate ◽  
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Thromboembolic Prophylaxis ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Aggregation Inhibitors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aneurysm Diameter

Background: There is a lack of prospective studies with popliteal aneurysms (PAA) < 2 cm and the very few information about the natural cause of the disease. Patients and methods: Between 1995 and 2000 46 patients having 65 popliteal artery aneurysms have been examined. The mean diameter was 1.9 cm (0.8–4 cm). In 41% of the cases PAA were bilateral, additional extrapopliteal aneurysms were found in 37%. The PAA was occluded in 8 patients at the initial examination (mean diameter 2.4 cm: 1.4–4 cm). One of these patients had to be amputated (long-term diabetes, dialysis and severe generalized peripheral arteriosclerosis). Since no information could be obtained from two patients, it was possible to prospectively monitor 36 patients with 46 PAA (30 m, 6 f) over a period of 2.5 years. 19 patients were treated with platelet inhibitors, 16 with coumarin and one refused any thromboembolic prophylaxis. The patients were examinated every year by telefone interview and duplexsonography. Results: During the monitoring period there occurred two complete occlusions and one distal arterial progression, while 2 patients died, but no amputation. The total complication rate was 6.5% with a higher incidence in PAA > 2 cm of diameter (14.2 vs. 3.1 %). All complications were found in PAA with mural thromboses. Coumarin seems to be superior platelet aggregation inhibitors with a complication rate of 0% vs. 14.3%. The mean increase in diameter during follow-up was dependent on PAA size, 1.5 mm/year for PAA > 2 cm vs. 0.7 mm/year for PAA < 2 cm. Conclusion: This prospective study emphasises the necessity of a prophylactical surgery in patients with an aneurysm diameter > 2 cm. In view of the low rate of complications of the natural course of PAA (6.5% of all PAA or 14.2% for PAA > 2 cm/2.5 years), the bypass surgery should be performed by an experienced vascular department. Patients with PAA < 2 cm or patients with contraindication for peripheral bypass should receive anticoagulation.

scholarly journals Deciduous Broad-Leaved Species (Quercus Robur, Tilia Cordata, Acer Platanoides and Ulmus Laevis) Forest Stand Productivity in Latvia

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-247
Author(s):  
Guntars Šņepsts ◽  
Jānis Donis ◽  
Dārta Kaupe ◽  
Māris Laiviņš
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Volume Yield ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Broad Leaved Species

Abstract Climate forecasts indicate that in the future the climate will become more and more suitable for growth of broad-leaved tree species in Latvia. It is therefore very important to recognise and understand the growth potential of these broad-leaved stands in Latvia and the factors affecting the increment of growing stock. The results of the study showed high volume yield, as already 60- to 80-year-old stand stock could reach 500–600 m3·ha-1, and in later years even 700–1000 m3·ha-1. Similarly, the results of our study showed that the increment of the stock and growth potential of individual forest elements varied significantly between the various broad-leaved species. Significant factors were the age of the forest stand or forest element (a set of trees of the same species, in one layer and belonging to one generation), the indicators of competition (basal area and/or relative density) and the indicators of the social status of the forest element, namely, the ratio of the mean diameter of the forest element and the mean diameter of the dominant species of the upper layer of the stand and the sum of the basal area of the larger forest elements). No significant differences were found in growing stock and growth potential between monospecies and mixed stands and between simple and complex stands, neither at the level of the stands, nor at the level of the individual forest element.

scholarly journals VARIATION IN GROWTH AMONG NINE BOSNIAN HERZEGOVINIAN PROVENANCES OF SILVER FIR (Abies alba Mill)

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Ćemal Višnjić ◽  
Besim Balić ◽  
Velid Halilović ◽  
Fuad Šehić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Yield Class ◽  
The Mean

UDK: 630*232:582.475(497.6) Provenance experiments with forest trees provide valuable information about the growth and adaptability of population, often transferred from remote geographical regions and various climate conditions. This study researches the growth of nine provenances of silver fir from the area of its natural distribution in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The experiment was established in the year 1991 in the form of a random block system with 5 repetitions. For planting, we used five-year-old seedlings (2/3), and planting spacing was 2x2 m. Each Silver fir provenance was included with 320 plants. Measurement results in the 28th year of age show the existence of variations between silver fir provenances in characteristics; mean height, mean diameter and average tree volume. Silver fir provenance from Bosanski Petrovac showed the best results. The mean height of this Silver fir provenance at the age of 28 was 9.1 m, while the mean diameter was 11.9 cm. Provenances that show the lowest growth (8.1 m) were from Pale, Olovo-Klis and Konjic. Silver fir provenance from Konjic has the lowest mean diameter (10.7 cm). In all provenances, we have had a culmination of height increment in age between 20 and 25 years. Variation between tested silver fir provenances for examined characteristic “mean height” was larger (four groups of population) compared to examined characteristic “mean diameter” (two groups of population). Volume of mean tree (0.062m3) and assortment (111.33 m3/ha) in Bosanski Petrovac provenance was larger than spreadsheet values for the first yield class for Central Europe conditions. The trial shows that silver fir in Bosnia and Herzegovina is variable on the local level due to specific micro-habitual conditions in which it grows.

Acute and Chronic Changes in Platelet Volume and Count After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Induced Thrombocytopenia in Man

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
J F Martin ◽  
T D Daniel ◽  
E A Trowbridge
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Young Males ◽  
The Mean

SummaryPatients undergoing surgery for coronary artery bypass graft or heart valve replacement had their platelet count and mean volume measured pre-operatively, immediately post-operatively and serially for up to 48 days after the surgical procedure. The mean pre-operative platelet count of 1.95 ± 0.11 × 1011/1 (n = 26) fell significantly to 1.35 ± 0.09 × 1011/1 immediately post-operatively (p <0.001) (n = 22), without a significant alteration in the mean platelet volume. The average platelet count rose to a maximum of 5.07 ± 0.66 × 1011/1 between days 14 and 17 after surgery while the average mean platelet volume fell from preparative and post-operative values of 7.25 ± 0.14 and 7.20 ± 0.14 fl respectively to a minimum of 6.16 ± 0.16 fl by day 20. Seven patients were followed for 32 days or longer after the operation. By this time they had achieved steady state thrombopoiesis and their average platelet count was 2.44 ± 0.33 × 1011/1, significantly higher than the pre-operative value (p <0.05), while their average mean platelet volume was 6.63 ± 0.21 fl, significantly lower than before surgery (p <0.001). The pre-operative values for the platelet volume and counts of these patients were significantly different from a control group of 32 young males, while the chronic post-operative values were not. These long term changes in platelet volume and count may reflect changes in the thrombopoietic control system secondary to the corrective surgery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document