A note on short memory principle of fractional calculus

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiheng Wei ◽  
Yuquan Chen ◽  
Songsong Cheng ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Calculus ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
The Other ◽  
Memory Length ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Classical Principle ◽  
Short Memory ◽  
Short Memory Principle ◽  
Discrete Argument

AbstractIn this paper, from the classical short memory principle under Grünwald-Letnikov definition, several novel short memory principles are presented and investigated. On one hand, the classical principle is extended to Riemann-Liouville and Caputo cases. On the other hand, a special kind of principles are formulated by introducing a discrete argument instead of the continuous time, resulting in principles with fixed memory length or fixed memory step. Apart from these, several interesting properties of the proposed principles are revealed profoundly.

scholarly journals How Raising Tobacco Prices Affects the Decision to Start and Quit Smoking: Evidence from Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3622
Author(s):  
Martin Gonzalez-Rozada ◽  
Giselle Montamat
Keyword(s):  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Population Model ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Smoking Onset ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Split Population Model ◽  
Total Price ◽  
Cigarette Prices

We used a two-part model for the estimation of the price elasticity of participation and consumption of cigarettes by the duration of the smoking habit and a continuous-time split-population model for the estimation of prevalence and duration of smoking onset and smoking addiction, allowing for covariates in the participation component of the model. Results: We computed the total price elasticity of consumption of cigarettes by quartiles of addiction and found that for the people located in the lowest quartile of addiction the total price elasticity is around −0.51; while for those located in the highest quartile of addiction this figure is only −0.19. Then, a 10% increase in cigarette prices, via taxes, reduces the consumption of those in the early stages of the addiction by 5% and for those with a longer history of addiction by only 1.9%. Estimating the continuous-time split-population model we found that, at the mean starting age of 15 years, an increase of 10% in real cigarette prices is expected to delay smoking onset by almost two and a half years. On the other hand, the same policy is less effective to reduce the duration of the habit because there is no meaningful relationship between the duration of the smoking habit and the real price of cigarettes.The policy of raising cigarette excise taxes, to increment prices, seems to be more effective to delay smoking onset. On the other hand, the same policy is less effective to reduce the duration of the habit. A policy recommendation that emerges from this evidence is that for people with a developed addiction a combination of increasing taxes and other public health policies, like cessation therapies, could prove more effective.

scholarly journals Approximating Ideal Filters by Systems of Fractional Order

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Calculus ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Present Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

The contributions in this paper are in two folds. On the one hand, we propose a general approach for approximating ideal filters based on fractional calculus from the point of view of systems of fractional order. On the other hand, we suggest that the Paley and Wiener criterion might not be a necessary condition for designing physically realizable ideal filters. As an application of the present approach, we show a case in designing ideal filters for suppressing 50-Hz interference in electrocardiogram (ECG) signals.

GEORGE SIMMEL’S DEATH

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.Н. Невлютов
Keyword(s):  
Special Kind ◽  
The Other ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Creative Power ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Human Dwelling ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Relationship

Самым важным в концептуализации пространства у Георга Зиммеля является проведение границы между деятельностью духа и природой. Произведение искусства, как результат деятельности духа, использует материал, заимствованный из природы, но в большинстве случаев делает его в себе невидимым. Архитектура же, в интерпретации Зиммеля, является особым видом искусства: материал в ней начинает действовать в соответствии со своей сущностью. В результате этой борьбы между природой и духом в архитектуре природа одерживает верх, и здание разрушается, превращается в руину. Руина Зиммеля представляет собой переворачивание отношений, привычных для произведения искусства: созидательной силой в руине наделен не человек, а природа. Трагедия разрушения здания показывает, что эстетическое измерение архитектуры являет нам себя в момент отсутствия человеческого обитания, которое неизменно оказывается конечным, противостоящим бесконечной и бессмертной природе. The main distinction in the conceptualization of space in George Simmel’s work is the opposition between the activity of the spirit and nature. Nevertheless, the work of art, as the result of the activity of the spirit, uses the material borrowed from nature, but in most cases makes it indistinguishable in itself. Architecture, on the other hand, is a special kind of art, in the sense that the material in it begins to act according to its essence. As a result of this fight between nature and the spirit, nature prevails and the building collapses turning into a ruin. The Simmel’s ruin is a turning over of the relationship that is familiar to the work of art: nature, not a man, is endowed with creative power. The tragedy of Simmel's ruin shows that the aesthetic dimension of architecture reveals itself to us in the absence of human dwelling, which invariably turns out to be finite, opposing the infinite and immortal nature.

scholarly journals APPLICATIONS OF TWO IMPORTANT THEOREMS OF FRACTIONAL CALCULUS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHII-HUEI YU
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Calculus ◽  
Fundamental Theorem ◽  
Fractional Derivatives ◽  
The Other ◽  
Integration By Parts ◽  
Other Hand

Abstract. In this article, we study the fundamental theorem of fractional calculus and integration by parts for fractional calculus, regarding the Jumarie type of modified Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives. On the other hand, some examples are proposed to illustrate the applications of these two important theorems.

scholarly journals Discontinuity and discourse structure: stranded nominals as asserted background topics

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-345
Author(s):  
Eric Mathieu
Keyword(s):  
Special Kind ◽  
The Other ◽  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Event Variable ◽  
Recent Claim

The aim of this paper is to investigate Rizzi's (2001) recent claim that in combien constructions full movement correlates with a specific or D-linking interpretation of the nominal (see also Obenauer, 1994) while the in-situ option corresponds to focus of the noun. On the one hand, it is argued that the notion of specificity or D-linking for the raised nominal is too strong while on the other hand it is shown that the stranded nominal is not a focus, but a topic, albeit of a special kind. It is also argued that there is a dedicated postverbal position for this kind of topic and that the nominal has all the properties of an incorporated nominal: it is interpreted as an asserted background topic. In the final part of the article, some time is spent discussing the pragmatics and the modality involved in discontinous structures, and showing that the stranded nominal is interpreted inside the VP/below the event variable.  

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

Life Beyond 1MeV

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
K.H. Westmacott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Case ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The U.S

Life beyond 1MeV – like life after 40 – is not too different unless one takes advantage of past experience and is receptive to new opportunities. At first glance, the returns on performing electron microscopy at voltages greater than 1MeV diminish rather rapidly as the curves which describe the well-known advantages of HVEM often tend towards saturation. However, in a country with a significant HVEM capability, a good case can be made for investing in instruments with a range of maximum accelerating voltages. In this regard, the 1.5MeV KRATOS HVEM being installed in Berkeley will complement the other 650KeV, 1MeV, and 1.2MeV instruments currently operating in the U.S. One other consideration suggests that 1.5MeV is an optimum voltage machine – Its additional advantages may be purchased for not much more than a 1MeV instrument. On the other hand, the 3MeV HVEM's which seem to be operated at 2MeV maximum, are much more expensive.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

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