Valorization of Glycerol into Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Sludge Isolated Bacillus sp. RER002: Experimental and Modeling Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zafar ◽  
Shashi Kumar ◽  
Surendra Kumar ◽  
Jay Agrawal ◽  
Amit K. Dhiman
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Stochastic Search ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Glycerol Consumption ◽  
Glycerol Medium

Abstract In this study, the feasibility of glycerol valorization into homo- and hetero-polymers of polyhydroxyalkanoates by a sludge isolated Bacillus sp. RER002 in a 3 L bioreactor was investigated. A mathematical model including logistic, Luedeking–Piret, and Luedeking–Piret-like equations that simulated the active residual biomass growth, P(3HB) synthesis, and glycerol consumption, respectively, was developed. In order to describe the dynamics of batch P(3HB) production, the model kinetic parameters viz., µmax, K1, K2, α, β, and KN were optimized using the stochastic search-based genetic algorithm. The synthesis of P(3HB) wasobserved to be highly growth associated and partially non-growth associated as reflected in a significant higher values of K1 (0.2435–0.5477) than K2 (2.2 × 10−6 to 9.1 × 10−3) within the glycerol concentration range of 10–40 g/L. Besides, the maximum 3.2g/L of copolymer [P(3HAscl-co-3HAmcl)] was observed at 30 g/L of glycerol concentration in synthetic crude glycerol medium with a yield coefficient (YP/S) of 0.16 g/g. Furthermore, the analyses of chemical and thermal properties of copolymer P(3HAscl-co-3HAmcl) revealed its enhanced material properties which make it suitable for various applications.

scholarly journals The effect of the nitrogen source type on the growth and consumption of crude glycerol by Streptomyces hygroscopicus CH-7

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Slavica Ilić ◽  
Jovan Ćirić ◽  
Gordana Gojgić-Cvijović
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Streptomyces Hygroscopicus ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Source Type ◽  
Glycerol Consumption

In this paper we studied the effect of different amino acids (arginine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine) as nitrogen sources on the growth of actinomycete Streptomyces hygroscopicus CH-7 and the consumption of crude glycerol, obtained as a by-product in the biodiesel production from sunflower oil. The highest biomass concentration (9.5 g/L) was achieved using the basic medium and the medium with tryptophan (9.2 g/L), while the crude glycerol consumption was the highest in the basic medium (5.9 mg/mL) and the medium with phenylalanine (3.3 mg/mL).

scholarly journals Exogenous l-proline improved Rhodosporidium toruloides lipid production on crude glycerol

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasool Kamal ◽  
Yuxue Liu ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Qitian Huang ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Oleaginous Yeast ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Rhodosporidium Toruloides ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Lipid Yield ◽  
Stress Agent ◽  
Glycerol Consumption

Abstract Background Crude glycerol as a promising feedstock for microbial lipid production contains several impurities that make it toxic stress inducer at high amount. Under stress conditions, microorganisms can accumulate l-proline as a safeguard. Herein, l-proline was assessed as an anti-stress agent in crude glycerol media. Results Crude glycerol was converted to microbial lipids by the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides CGMCC 2.1389 in a two-staged culture mode. The media was supplied with exogenous l-proline to improve lipid production efficiency in high crude glycerol stress. An optimal amount of 0.5 g/L l-proline increased lipid titer and lipid yield by 34% and 28%, respectively. The lipid titer of 12.2 g/L and lipid content of 64.5% with a highest lipid yield of 0.26 g/g were achieved with l-proline addition, which were far higher than those of the control, i.e., lipid titer of 9.1 g/L, lipid content of 58% and lipid yield of 0.21 g/g. Similarly, l-proline also improved cell growth and glycerol consumption. Moreover, fatty acid compositional profiles of the lipid products was found suitable as a potential feedstock for biodiesel production. Conclusion Our study suggested that exogenous l-proline improved cell growth and lipid production on crude glycerol by R. toruloides. The fact that higher lipid yield as well as glycerol consumption indicated that l-proline might act as a potential anti-stress agent for the oleaginous yeast strain.

scholarly journals Valorization of Waste Glycerol to Dihydroxyacetone with Biocatalysts Obtained from Gluconobacter oxydans

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Stasiak-Różańska ◽  
Anna Berthold-Pluta ◽  
Pritam Dikshit
Keyword(s):  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Gluconobacter Oxydans ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Cell Extract ◽  
Free Cell ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
Waste Glycerol ◽  
Valuable Compounds

Waste glycerol is the main by-product generated during biodiesel production, in an amount reaching up to 10% of the produced biofuel. Is there any method which allows changing this waste into industrial valuable compounds? This manuscript describes a method for valorization of crude glycerol via microbial bioconversion. It has been shown that the use of free and immobilized biocatalysts obtained from Gluconobacter oxydans can enable beneficial valorization of crude glycerol to industrially valuable dihydroxyacetone. The highest concentration of this compound, reaching over 20 g·L−1, was obtained after 72 h of biotransformation with free G. oxydans cells, in a medium containing 30 or 50 g·L−1 of waste glycerol. Using a free cell extract resulted in higher concentrations of dihydroxyacetone and a higher valorization efficiency (up to 98%) compared to the reaction with an immobilized cell extract. Increasing waste glycerol concentration to 50 g·L−1 causes neither a faster nor higher increase in product yield and reaction efficiency compared to its initial concentration of 30 g·L−1. The proposed method could be an alternative for utilization of a petrochemical waste into industry applicated chemicals.

scholarly journals Bioconversions of Biodiesel-Derived Glycerol into Sugar Alcohols by Newly Isolated Wild-Type Yarrowia lipolytica Strains

Reactions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-513
Author(s):  
Eleni-Stavroula Vastaroucha ◽  
Sofia Maina ◽  
Savvoula Michou ◽  
Ourania Kalantzi ◽  
Chrysanthi Pateraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Conversion Yield ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Mannitol Production

The utilization of crude glycerol, generated as a by-product from the biodiesel production process, for the production of high value-added products represents an opportunity to overcome the negative impact of low glycerol prices in the biodiesel industry. In this study, the biochemical behavior of Yarrowia lipolytica strains FMCC Y-74 and FMCC Y-75 was investigated using glycerol as a carbon source. Initially, the effect of pH value (3.0–7.0) was examined to produce polyols, intracellular lipids, and polysaccharides. At low pH values (initial pH 3.0–5.0), significant mannitol production was recorded. The highest mannitol production (19.64 g L−1) was obtained by Y. lipolytica FMCC Y-74 at pH = 3.0. At pH values ranging between 5.0 and 6.0, intracellular polysaccharides synthesis was favored, while polyols production was suppressed. Subsequently, the effect of crude glycerol and its concentration on polyols production was studied. Y. lipolytica FMCC Y-74 showed high tolerance to impurities of crude glycerol. Initial substrate concentrations influence polyols production and distribution with a metabolic shift toward erythritol production being observed when the initial glycerol concentration (Gly0) increased. The highest total polyols production (=56.64 g L−1) was obtained at Gly0 adjusted to ≈120 g L−1. The highest polyols conversion yield (0.59 g g−1) and productivity (4.36 g L−1 d−1) were reached at Gly0 = 80 g L−1. In fed-batch intermittent fermentation with glycerol concentration remaining ≤60 g L−1, the metabolism was shifted toward mannitol biosynthesis, which was the main polyol produced in significant quantities (=36.84 g L−1) with a corresponding conversion yield of 0.51 g g−1.

Biosorption of reactive dyes from aqueous media using the Bacillus sp. residual biomass

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 353-360
Author(s):  
Ioana Luiza Horciu ◽  
Alexandra Cristina Blaga ◽  
Lacramioara Rusu ◽  
Carmen Zaharia ◽  
Daniela Suteu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Residual Biomass

scholarly journals Crude Glycerol/Guishe Based Catalysts for Biodiesel Production: Conforming a Guishe Biorefinery

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Andrea Belén Figueroa-Díaz ◽  
Salvador Carlos-Hernández ◽  
Lourdes Díaz-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Homogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Ft Ir

Biodiesel production imposes some challenges, such as the crude glycerol management and cleaning requirements of biodiesel produced by homogeneous transesterification. Heterogeneous catalysts based on residual biomass have been proposed to tackle these challenges; in addition, biomass revalorization is fundamental for biorefineries development. In this research, two organic wastes (crude glycerol and guise) are used to synthesize carbonaceous catalysts. Four catalysts, with different crude glycerol/guishe proportions, were prepared by pyrolysis at 800 and 900 °C, followed by a chemical functionalization with H2SO4. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the catalysts. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated in a soybean oil transesterification reaction. The crude glycerol/guishe based catalysts lead to similar biodiesel yields than the obtained with a conventional homogeneous catalyst (CH3NaO). The catalyst identified as BS-25-8 (a mixture of 25% guishe and 75% crude glycerol, pyrolyzed at 800 °C and sulfonated), in a proportion of 1 wt%, achieved the highest fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) yield (99%) in the transesterification reaction, even surpassing the performance of the CH3NaO (yield of 93%).

scholarly journals Enhanced functional expression of the polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase gene from Cupriavidus necator A-04 using a cold-shock promoter for efficient poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production in Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanawat Boontip ◽  
Rungaroon Waditee-Sirisattha ◽  
Kohsuke Honda ◽  
Suchada Chanprateep NAPATHORN
Keyword(s):  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Functional Expression ◽  
Cupriavidus Necator ◽  
Trigger Factor ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Native Promoter ◽  
Phb Production ◽  
Low Expression

Abstract Background: The present study attempted to increase polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production by improving the functional expression of the PhaC gene using various types of promoters, and the effects on PhaC activity in terms of PHB productivity, yield coefficient (YP/S) and molecular weights were investigated.Results: Here, the PHB biosynthesis operon of Cupriavidus necator A-04, isolated in Thailand with a high degree of 16S rRNA sequence similarity with C. necator H16, was subcloned into pGEX-6P-1, pColdI, pColdTF, pBAD/Thio-TOPO and pUC19 (native promoter) and transformed into E. coli JM109. To alter the expression of phaCAB biosynthesis genes, we optimized parameters in flask experiments to obtain high expression of soluble PhaCA-04 protein with high YP/S and PHB productivity. pColdTF-phaCABA-04-expressing E. coli produced 2.5±0.1 g/L (90.6±4.3%) PHB in 24 h, similar to pColdI-phaCABA-04-expressing E. coli. The amounts of phaC protein and PHB produced from pColdTF-phaCABA-04 and pColdI-phaCABA-04 were significantly higher than those from other promoters. Cultivation in a 5-L fermenter led to PHB production of 7.9±0.7 g/L with 90.0±2.3% PHB content in the cell dry mass (CDM), a YP/S value of 0.38 g PHB/g glucose and a productivity of 0.43 g PHB/(L×h) using pColdTF-phaCABA-04. The PHB from pColdTF-phaCABA-04 had Mw 5.79×105 Da, Mn 1.86×105 Da and PDI 3.11 and the film exhibited high transparency, Young’s modulus and tensile strength, possibly due to the trigger factor (TF) chaperones. Interestingly, when pColdI-phaCABA-04-expressing E. coli was used to produce PHB from crude glycerol and compared with pUC19-nativeP-phaCABA-04-expressing E. coli, the amounts of PHB were similar, but Mw 1.1×106 Da, Mn 2.6×105 Da and PDI 4.1 were obtained from pUC19-nativeP-phaCABA-04-expressing E. coli, indicating that slow and low expression could prolong and maintain phaC polymerization activity.Conclusions: This is the first report to demonstrate that the cspA promoter in a cold-inducible vector can improve PhaCA-04 expression levels, and TF chaperones show obvious effects on enhancing PhaCA-04 solubility. The high level of PhaCA-04 resulted in a high PHB amount, but the chain termination reaction of PhaC polymerization occurred faster than that with the slowed and low expression of phaCA-04 by the native promoter pUC19, which resulted in a low amount of high-molecular-weight PHB produced from crude glycerol.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan gliserol sebagai limbah biodiesel melalui proses biologik 1: Pemilihan mikroba

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
R. Purwadi ◽  
M.T.A.P. Kresnowati ◽  
L Badriyah ◽  
Andini A.D. Puri ◽  
R. Aisyah
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Microbial Conversion ◽  
Aerobacter Aerogenes ◽  
The Media ◽  
Selection Of

Utilization of glycerol biodiesel waste via biological process 1: Selection of microbesThe availability of glycerol, a byproduct of biodiesel production, is increasing along with the growth of biodiesel industries. While glycerol is used in various industries such as food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics, the purification of crude glycerol from biodiesel waste can be very costly and inefficient. Literature study indicated that some microorganism could utilize glycerol as their substrate. This forms the basis for applying microbial conversion of glycerol into valuable products. This paper presents our study in exploring the microbial potentials in utilizing pure glycerol as substrate, which is a part of a larger study in converting crude glycerol from biodiesel waste through microbial processes. In this study the potentials of Aerobacter aerogenes ITBCC B88, Klebsiella pneumoniae ITBCC113, and Enterobacter cloacae NRLL B411, NRLL B23264, and NRLL B23289 in utlizing glycerol were explored. The study covered the aerobic growth tests of each strain using glycerol as C-source in substrate, by varying glycerol concentration and C/N ratio in the media. The results indicated that all the tested strains could grow well in glycerol and would assimilate glycerol better in low C/N ratio. However, the increase in microbial glycerol consumption did not increase the biomass yield, which might indicate the production of metabolic products.Keywords: glycerol, biodiesel, Aerobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae AbstrakKetersediaan gliserol, produk samping industri biodiesel, semakin meningkat seiring pertumbuhan industri biodiesel. Meskipun gliserol murni banyak digunakan dalam industri makanan, farmasi, kosmetik, dan industri-industri lainnya, pemurnian limbah gliserol menjadi gliserol murni sangat mahal dan tidak efektif. Studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa beberapa jenis mikroba dapat menggunakan gliserol sebagai substratnya. Hal ini menjadi dasar untuk menerapkan proses pengolahan gliserol menjadi produk bermanfaat melalui proses mikrobiologik. Makalah ini menyajikan hasil penelitian eksplorasi potensi mikroba dalam mengkonversi gliserol murni dalam substrat, yang merupakan tahap awal dari rangkaian penelitian pemanfaatan limbah gliserol melalui proses mikrobiologik. Dalam penelitian ini diteliliti kemampuan mikroba Aerobacter aerogenes ITBCC B88, Klebsiella pneumoniae ITBCC113, dan Enterobacter cloacae NRLL B411, NRLL B23264, dan NRLL B23289 dalam memanfaatkan gliserol. Penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi uji pertumbuhan pada substrat gliserol murni dan kondisi aerobik, dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi gliserol dan nisbah C/N dalam media. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua mikroba uji dapat tumbuh dengan baik pada substrat gliserol dan mengasimilasi gliserol lebih baik pada nisbah C/N media yang lebih rendah. Namun demikian peningkatan konsumsi gliserol selama proses kultivasi tidak diikuti oleh peningkatan perolehan biomassa, yang mengindikasikan terjadinya pembentukan produk-produk metabolit oleh mikroba.Kata kunci: gliserol, biodiesel, Aerobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae

Valorization of Crude Glycerol, Residue Deriving from Biodiesel- Production Process, with the Use of Wild-type New Isolated Yarrowia lipolytica Strains: Production of Metabolites with Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological Interest

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 881-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Sarris ◽  
Zoe Sampani ◽  
Anna Rapti ◽  
Seraphim Papanikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Substrate Uptake ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Dry Cell Weight ◽  
Lipolytica Strain

Background & Objective:Crude glycerol (Glol), used as substrate for screening eleven natural Yarrowia lipolytica strains in shake-flask experiments. Aim of this study was to assess the ability of the screened strains to produce biomass (dry cell weight; X), lipid (L), citric acid (Cit), mannitol (Man), arabitol (Ara) and erythritol (Ery), compounds presenting pharmaceutical and biotechnological interest, in glycerol-based nitrogen-limited media, in which initial glycerol concentration had been adjusted to 40 g/L.Methods:Citric acid may find use in biomedical engineering (i.e. drug delivery, tissue engineering, bioimaging, orthopedics, medical device coating, wound dressings). Polyols are considered as compounds with non-cariogenic and less calorigenic properties as also with low insulin-mediated response. Microbial lipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are medically and dietetically important (selective pharmaceutical and anticancer properties, aid fetal brain development, the sight function of the eye, hormonal balance and the cardio-vascular system, prevent reasons leading to type-2 diabetes, present healing and anti-inflammatory effects).Results:All strains presented satisfactory microbial growth (Xmax=5.34-6.26 g/L) and almost complete substrate uptake. The principal metabolic product was citric acid (Citmax=8.5-31.7 g/L). Production of cellular lipid reached the values of 0.33-0.84 g/L. Polyols were also synthesized as strain dependent compounds (Manmax=2.8-6.1 g/L, Aramax ~2.0 g/L, Erymax= 0.5-3.8 g/L). The selected Y. lipolytica strain ACA-DC 5029 presented satisfactory growth along with synthesis of citric acid and polyols, thus, was further grown on media presenting an increased concentration of Glol~75 g/L. Biomass, lipid and citric acid production presented significant enhancement (Xmax=11.80 g/L, Lmax=1.26 g/L, Citmax=30.8 g/L), but conversion yield of citric acid produced per glycerol consumed was decreased compared to screening trials. Erythritol secretion (Erymax=15.6 g/L) was highly favored, suggesting a shift of yeast metabolism from citric acid accumulation towards erythritol production. Maximum endopolysaccharides (IPS) concentration was 4.04 g/L with yield in dry weight 34.2 % w/w.Conclusion:Y. lipolytica strain ACA-YC 5029 can be considered as a satisfactory candidate grown in high concentrations of crude glycerol to produce added-value compounds that interest pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.

scholarly journals Brilliant Red HE-3B Dye Biosorption by Immobilized Residual Consortium Bacillus sp. Biomass: Fixed-Bed Column Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4498
Author(s):  
Luiza Ioana Horciu ◽  
Carmen Zaharia ◽  
Alexandra Cristina Blaga ◽  
Lacramioara Rusu ◽  
Daniela Suteu
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Column Studies ◽  
Fixed Bed Column ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Wide Range

Residual biomass from various industries represents an important source of valuable compounds, used as raw materials for the production of a wide range of new products and also in various treatment and valorization processes or/and sanitation services, thus responding to the principles of sustainable development, waste recovery, and a green and circular economy. The aim of this work is to make use of residual Bacillus sp. biomass (resulting from a process of removing fatty acids from municipal wastewater) immobilized in alginate that, although it results in large quantities from biotechnological processes, is not reported to be valorized in dye biosorption processes, except in few specific applications. The biosorption potential of residual Bacillus sp. biomass in the reactive Brilliant Red HE-3B textile dye removal from aqueous systems was studied in a fixed-bed column. The effects of various experimental operating parameters, such as bed depth (h), flow rate (Fv), were investigated, and the modeling of experimental data based on Thomas and Yoon–Nelson kinetic models was satisfactorily achieved. The obtained results reconfirm that the studied residual biomass can be also considered as a good biosorbent in dynamic operating system, and can be beneficially used in the treatment of wastewater containing small quantities of organic dyes.

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