Application of Kalman filter for breathing effort reconstruction for OSAS patients in breathing therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1064-1071
Author(s):  
Mathias Scheel ◽  
Andreas Berndt ◽  
Olaf Simanski
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Breathing Therapy ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Breathing Effort

Abstract The CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy is the gold standard to treat the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). The CPAP-device generates a positive pressure to splint the upper respiratory tracts preventing an collapse of the tracts and the pharynx. It has been shown that many CPAP-devices cannot maintain the pressure set points adjusted by the medical staff, because the mask pressure is seriously influenced by the patient’s breathing. In this work a method is provided to estimate the breathing effort of the patient. Therefore a model of the breathing therapy system is introduced and the application of the Kalman filter is described. The estimated breathing effort could then be used in further control strategies to improve the control quality.

Modeling and closed-loop control of a medical flow generator appliance

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Scheel ◽  
Andreas Berndt ◽  
Olaf Simanski
Keyword(s):  
Medical Condition ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Breathing Therapy ◽  
Flow Generator

AbstractThe CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy is the most common therapy to treat the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. If the upper respiratory tracts collapse, it may lead to breathing interrupts during sleep. The CPAP-device provides a positive pressure to splint the airways. The influence on the pressure is different from patient to patient and their medical condition. It has been shown that many CPAP-devices can not maintain the required pressure set points, because the mask pressure is seriously influenced by the patient's breathing. In this work the electromechanic part and pneumatic part of the breathing therapy system is modeled to provide an opportunity for a model-based control approach. Based on the physical chain of effect an existing control strategy is extended. In the end some control results are shown and a conclusion is made.

scholarly journals Prospects of application of cone beam computed tomography for analyzing upper respiratory tract pathologies in patients with dentition system diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
S. P. Rubnikovich ◽  
I. S. Abelskaya ◽  
Yu. L. Denisova ◽  
S. V. Sirak ◽  
V. G. Shishov
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Distal Occlusion

The goal of the study was to analyze the upper respiratory tract condition indicators obtained by means of сone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for patients with dentition system diseases and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Patients were divided into 3 study groups. The control group (the 1st study group) included the CBCT data obtained for 33 healthy patients. The 2nd study group included the CBCT data obtained for 136 patients with dentition system diseases (partial secondary edentia combined with chronic generalized periodontitis) without sleep disorder signs. The 3rd study group included the CBCT data obtained for 70 patients with partial secondary edentia combined with deep distal occlusion and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). The CBCT method using the proposed diagnosis criteria made it possible to identify not only dentition system diseases, but also the dysfunction of the upper respiratory tract, in particular the OSAS causes. It was found with confidence that the reduction of the upper respiratory tract diagnostic indicators by 40 % or more, as compared to the regulatory indicators of healthy patients, led to the dysfunction of the respiratory tract and the apnoea development. Deep distal occlusion and secondary edentia conditioned the presence of the upper respiratory tract concave configuration and the localization of the minimum cross-sectional area below the occlusion plane, which increases the probability of development and progression of the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.

scholarly journals Application of Iterative Learning Control for Repetitive Processes in Breathing Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Mathias Scheel ◽  
Andreas Berndt ◽  
Olaf Simanski
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Learning Control ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Learning Control ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Iterative Learning ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Reference Pressure

AbstractThe continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the gold standard to treat the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. This continuous pressure splints the upper respiratory tracts and prevents a collapse of the pharynx. If not being treated a collapse of the upper respiratory tracts reduces the blood oxygen concentration and increases the CO2 concentration leading to repeated sleep disruptions. Many CPAP-devices cannot maintain the reference pressure, which can lead to an uncomfortable perception for the patient. To reduce the pressure deviation in the mask we want to apply the Iterative Learning Control (ILC) method, because the breathing of the patient is a repetitive process - and at night the breathing patterns are even and recurring from breath to breath.

scholarly journals Predictors of sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnoea at baseline and after 6 months of continuous positive airway pressure therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1700348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Budhiraja ◽  
Clete A. Kushida ◽  
Deborah A. Nichols ◽  
James K. Walsh ◽  
Richard D. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Cpap Therapy ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

We evaluated factors associated with subjective and objective sleepiness at baseline and after 6 months of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).We analysed data from the Apnoea Positive Pressure Long-term Efficacy Study (APPLES), a prospective 6-month multicentre randomised controlled trial with 1105 subjects with OSA, 558 of who were randomised to active CPAP. Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) scores and the mean sleep latency (MSL) on the maintenance of wakefulness test at baseline and after 6 months of CPAP therapy were recorded.Excessive sleepiness (ESS score >10) was present in 543 (49.1%) participants. Younger age, presence of depression and higher apnoea–hypopnoea index were all associated with higher ESS scores and lower MSL. Randomisation to the CPAP group was associated with lower odds of sleepiness at 6 months. The prevalence of sleepiness was significantly lower in those using CPAP >4 h·night−1versususing CPAP ≤4 h·night−1. Among those with good CPAP adherence, those with ESS >10 at baseline had significantly higher odds (OR 8.2, p<0.001) of persistent subjective sleepiness.Lower average nightly CPAP use and presence of sleepiness at baseline were independently associated with excessive subjective and objective sleepiness after 6 months of CPAP therapy.

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