scholarly journals .BETA. Cell Neogenesis from Ducts and Phenotypic Conversion of Residual Islet Cells in the Adult Pancreas of Glucose Intolerant Mice Induced by Selective Alloxan Perfusion.

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
MING LI ◽  
JUN-ICHIRO MIYAGAWA ◽  
KOJI YAMAMOTO ◽  
MAKOTO MORIWAKI ◽  
AKIHISA IMAGAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Beta Cell Neogenesis

Beta-cell neogenesis in type 2 diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S186-S187 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Jones ◽  
A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Neogenesis

scholarly journals Polarization of chlorotetracycline fluorescence in pancreatic islet cells and its response to calcium ions and D-glucose

1979 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
I B Täljedal
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Islet Cells ◽  
Cell Plasma ◽  
Polarization Of Fluorescence ◽  
Parametric Testing

Suspensions rich in pancreatic beta-cells were prepared from non-inbred ob/ob-mice, incubated with 10 micrometer-chlorotetracycline, and analysed for fluorescence polarization in a microscope. Throughout the temperature range 16–38 degrees C, fluorescence was enhanced by 5 mM-Ca2+ in the incubation medium; 20 mM-D-glucose decreased the fluorescence measured in the presence of Ca2+. Fluorescence showed a curvilinear negative regression on temperature. The curves were rectified to a virtually ideal degree by Arrhenius transformations of data. Non-parametric testing of differences between linearized regression lines forms the basis for the following conclusions. The temperature-dependence of fluorescence intensity appeared to be smaller for Ca2+-specific signals than for the background fluorescence of chlorotetracycline in Ca2+-deficient cells. D-Glucose significantly diminished the polarization of fluorescence in cells incubated with Ca2+. It is suggested that D-glucose increases the mobility of Ca2+ in beta-cell plasma membranes; this mobility increase may help to explain previously reported effects of D-glucose on 45Ca2+ fluxes and membrane electric potential.

scholarly journals A comparative study of amino acid consumption by rat islet cells and the clonal beta-cell line BRIN-BD11 - the functional significance of L-alanine

2003 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Dixon ◽  
J Nolan ◽  
N McClenaghan ◽  
PR Flatt ◽  
P Newsholme
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Beta Cell Line ◽  
Acid Consumption ◽  
Glutamine Consumption ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Stimulus Secretion Coupling ◽  
Insulinotropic Effect

Evidence has been published that L -alanine may, under appropriate conditions, promote insulin secretion in normal rodent islets and various beta cell lines. Previous results utilising the clonal beta-cell line BRIN-BD11, demonstrated that alanine dramatically elevated insulin release by a mechanism requiring oxidative metabolism. We demonstrate in this paper that addition ofL -alanine had an insulinotropic effect in dispersed primary islet cells. Addition of D -glucose increasedL -alanine consumption in both BRIN-BD11 cells and primary islet cells.L -glutamine consumption in the BRIN-BD11 cell line and primary rat islets was also determined. The consumption rate was in line with that previously reported for cells of the immune system and other glutamine-utilising cells or tIssues. However,L -alanine consumption was at least an order of magnitude higher thanL -glutamine consumption. The metabolism ofL -alanine in the beta-cell may result in stimulation of insulin secretion via generation of metabolic stimulus secretion coupling factors such asL -glutamate.

scholarly journals Increased NKX6.1 expression and decreased ARX expression in alpha cells accompany reduced beta-cell volume in human subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukari Fujita ◽  
Junji Kozawa ◽  
Kenji Fukui ◽  
Hiromi Iwahashi ◽  
Hidetoshi Eguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Cell Area ◽  
Beta Cell Volume ◽  
Cell Conversion

AbstractPancreatic islet cells have plasticity, such as the abilities to dedifferentiate and transdifferentiate. Islet cell conversion to other characteristic cell is largely determined by transcription factors, but significance of expression patterns of these transcription factors in human islet cells remained unclear. Here, we present the NKX6.1-positive ratio of glucagon-positive cells (NKX6.1+/GCG+ ratio) and the ARX-negative ratio of glucagon-positive cells (ARX−/GCG+ ratio) in 34 patients who were not administered antidiabetic agents. Both of NKX6.1+/GCG+ ratio and ARX−/GCG+ ratio negatively associated with relative beta cell area. And these ratios did not have significant correlation with other parameters including age, body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose level or relative alpha-cell area. Our data demonstrate that these expression ratios of transcription factors in glucagon-positive cells closely correlate with the reduction of beta-cell volume in human pancreas.

scholarly journals glucagon is essential for alpha cell transdifferentiation and beta cell neogenesis

Development ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 142 (8) ◽  
pp. 1407-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ye ◽  
M. A. Robertson ◽  
D. Hesselson ◽  
D. Y. R. Stainier ◽  
R. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Cell Transdifferentiation ◽  
Beta Cell Neogenesis

scholarly journals Long-Term Liraglutide Administration Induces Pancreas Neogenesis in Adult T2DM Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 096368972092739
Author(s):  
Hongjun Deng ◽  
Fengying Yang ◽  
Xiaoyi Ma ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Extensive Growth ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Endocrine Progenitors ◽  
First Time ◽  
Beta Cell Neogenesis

In vivo beta-cell neogenesis may be one way to treat diabetes. We aimed to investigate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on beta-cell neogenesis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Male C57BL/6J mice, 6 wk old, were randomly divided into three groups: Control, T2DM, and T2DM + Lira. T2DM was induced using high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg/d for 3 d). At 8 wk after streptozotocin injection, T2DM + Lira group was injected intraperitoneally with GLP-1 analog liraglutide (0.8 mg/kg/d) for 4 wk. Apparently for the first time, we report the appearance of a primitive bud connected to pancreas in all adult mice from each group. The primitive bud was characterized by scattered single monohormonal cells expressing insulin, GLP-1, somatostatin, or pancreatic polypeptide, and four-hormonal cells, but no acinar cells and ductal epithelial cells. Monohormonal cells in it were small, newborn, immature cells that rapidly proliferated and expressed cell markers indicative of immaturity. In parallel, Ngn3+ endocrine progenitors and Nestin+ cells existed in the primitive bud. Liraglutide facilitated neogenesis and rapid growth of acinar cells, pancreatic ducts, and blood vessels in the primitive bud. Meanwhile, scattered hormonal cells aggregated into cell clusters and grew into larger islets; polyhormonal cells differentiated into monohormonal cells. Extensive growth of exocrine and endocrine glands resulted in the neogenesis of immature pancreatic lobes in adult mice of T2DM + Lira group. Contrary to predominant acinar cells in mature pancreatic lobes, there were still a substantial number of mesenchymal cells around acinar cells in immature pancreatic lobes, which resulted in the loose appearance. Our results suggest that adult mice preserve the capacity of pancreatic neogenesis from the primitive bud, which liraglutide facilitates in adult T2DM mice. To our knowledge, this is the first time such a phenomenon has been reported.

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