Distinctions that matter: a classification of resources and discussion of implications for dynamic capabilities of firms

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Bueno ◽  
Patricio Morcillo ◽  
Ma Salmador
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities

scholarly journals Design and Validation of a Method to Characterize Human Interaction Variability

Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Kailyn Cage ◽  
Monifa Vaughn-Cooke ◽  
Mark Fuge
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Interaction Factors ◽  
Application Identification ◽  
Product Mapping

Human interactions are paramount to the user experience, satisfaction, and risk of user errors. For products, anthropometry has traditionally been used in product sizing. However, structured methods that accurately map static and dynamic capabilities (e.g., functional mapping) of musculoskeletal regions for the conceptualization and redesign of product applications and use cases are limited. The present work aims to introduce and validate the effectiveness of the Interaction Variability method, which maps product components and musculoskeletal regions to determine explicit design parameters through limiting designer variation in the classification of human interaction factors. This study enrolled 16 engineering students to evaluate two series of interactions for (1) water bottle and (2) sunglasses applications enabling method validity and designer consistency assessments. For each interaction series, subjects identified and characterized product applications, components, and human interaction factors. Primary interactions, product mapping, and application identification achieved consensus between ranges of 31.25% and 100.00%, with significance (p < 0.1) observed at consensus rates of ≥75.00%. Significant levels of consistency were observed amongst designers, for at least one measure in all phases except anthropometric mapping for the sunglasses application indicating method effectiveness. Interaction variability was introduced and validated in this work as a standardized approach to identify, define, and map human and product interactions, which may reduce unintended use cases and user errors, respectively, in consumer populations.

Reactive and Proactive Dynamic Capabilities

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Clyde W. Holsapple ◽  
Jae-Young Oh
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Chain ◽  
Mobile Industry ◽  
Chain Theory

This chapter investigates the dynamic capabilities of market creators and followers by studying the nature of the environments they face. The turbulent and rapidly changing business environment forces a firm seeking to sustain its competitiveness to choose whether to enter an emerging market or create a new market. Both directions can lead firms to success in a market but only when they cultivate appropriate dynamic capabilities. In the mobile industry, for instance, the different approaches for success of Apple, market creator of the smart phone, and Samsung, a successful follower in that emerging market, provide an example for considering and understanding such capabilities. In this study, the authors examine ways in which several theories attempt to explain the success of Apple and Samsung. They introduce the idea of classifying dynamic capabilities into reactive and proactive types, each of which can lead to success. The classification is enriched into a knowledge-based framework by applying the knowledge chain theory. The framework also accommodates concepts from other theories that are reviewed. This study makes contributions to understanding knowledge-based competitiveness: (1) the classification of dynamic capabilities into “proactive” and “reactive” gives a unified understanding of how both a pioneer and followers can succeed in a market; (2) the framework delves into mechanisms of how competitive advantage from the two kinds of dynamic capabilities is produced through the lens of the knowledge chain theory; (3) the framework can serve as an action guide in coping with turbulent business situations.

Reactive and Proactive Dynamic Capabilities

2018 ◽  
pp. 366-385
Author(s):  
Clyde W. Holsapple ◽  
Jae-Young Oh
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Chain ◽  
Mobile Industry ◽  
Chain Theory

This chapter investigates the dynamic capabilities of market creators and followers by studying the nature of the environments they face. The turbulent and rapidly changing business environment forces a firm seeking to sustain its competitiveness to choose whether to enter an emerging market or create a new market. Both directions can lead firms to success in a market but only when they cultivate appropriate dynamic capabilities. In the mobile industry, for instance, the different approaches for success of Apple, market creator of the smart phone, and Samsung, a successful follower in that emerging market, provide an example for considering and understanding such capabilities. In this study, the authors examine ways in which several theories attempt to explain the success of Apple and Samsung. They introduce the idea of classifying dynamic capabilities into reactive and proactive types, each of which can lead to success. The classification is enriched into a knowledge-based framework by applying the knowledge chain theory. The framework also accommodates concepts from other theories that are reviewed. This study makes contributions to understanding knowledge-based competitiveness: (1) the classification of dynamic capabilities into “proactive” and “reactive” gives a unified understanding of how both a pioneer and followers can succeed in a market; (2) the framework delves into mechanisms of how competitive advantage from the two kinds of dynamic capabilities is produced through the lens of the knowledge chain theory; (3) the framework can serve as an action guide in coping with turbulent business situations.

A Resource-Based Typology of Dynamic Capability: Managing Tourism in a Turbulent Environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 004728752110149
Author(s):  
Yawei Jiang ◽  
Brent W. Ritchie ◽  
Martie-Louise Verreynne
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Dynamic Capability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Advance Knowledge ◽  
Practical Implications

This study develops a typology of dynamic capabilities to advance knowledge on how tourism organizations can manage disruptive external changes. It uses the context of a natural disaster. The article goes beyond a simple classification of organizational activities in responding to crises/disasters to create a typology of 12 dynamic capabilities. The typology is based on three dimensions that align with the disaster life cycle, source of resources, and deployment of resources. This study also provides empirical explanations for each type of dynamic capability, using qualitative data collected from 40 in-depth interviews with tourism organizations and other stakeholders across two years. Several practical implications and future research directions are provided based on the findings and limitations of the study.

Note on the spectral classification of carbon stars in the photographic infrared region

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Y. Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Region ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Carbon Stars

We have investigated the spectrograms (dispersion: 8Å/mm) in the photographic infrared region fromλ7500 toλ9000 of some carbon stars obtained by the coudé spectrograph of the 74-inch reflector attached to the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. The names of the stars investigated are listed in Table 1.

Diagnostic Value of Electron Microscopy in Soft Tissue Tumors

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Gerald Fine ◽  
Azorides R. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myxoma ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Good Agreement

For years the separation of carcinoma and sarcoma and the subclassification of sarcomas has been based on the appearance of the tumor cells and their microscopic growth pattern and information derived from certain histochemical and special stains. Although this method of study has produced good agreement among pathologists in the separation of carcinoma from sarcoma, it has given less uniform results in the subclassification of sarcomas. There remain examples of neoplasms of different histogenesis, the classification of which is questionable because of similar cytologic and growth patterns at the light microscopic level; i.e. amelanotic melanoma versus carcinoma and occasionally sarcoma, sarcomas with an epithelial pattern of growth simulating carcinoma, histologically similar mesenchymal tumors of different histogenesis (histiocytoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma, lytic osteogenic sarcoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma), and myxomatous mesenchymal tumors of diverse histogenesis (myxoid rhabdo and liposarcomas, cardiac myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, etc.)

Ultrastructure of mesotheliomas

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Irving Dardick
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Spindle Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Metastatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Cytological Features ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation

With the extensive industrial use of asbestos in this century and the long latent period (20-50 years) between exposure and tumor presentation, the incidence of malignant mesothelioma is now increasing. Thus, surgical pathologists are more frequently faced with the dilemma of differentiating mesothelioma from metastatic adenocarcinoma and spindle-cell sarcoma involving serosal surfaces. Electron microscopy is amodality useful in clarifying this problem.In utilizing ultrastructural features in the diagnosis of mesothelioma, it is essential to appreciate that the classification of this tumor reflects a variety of morphologic forms of differing biologic behavior (Table 1). Furthermore, with the variable histology and degree of differentiation in mesotheliomas it might be expected that the ultrastructure of such tumors also reflects a range of cytological features. Such is the case.

Interpreting HVEM of muscle-cell impulse networks

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
Paul DeCosta ◽  
Kyugon Cho ◽  
Stephen Shemlon ◽  
Heesung Jun ◽  
Stanley M. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Automatic Classification ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Analysis Algorithm ◽  
Structural Networks

Introduction: The analysis and interpretation of electron micrographs of cells and tissues, often requires the accurate extraction of structural networks, which either provide immediate 2D or 3D information, or from which the desired information can be inferred. The images of these structures contain lines and/or curves whose orientation, lengths, and intersections characterize the overall network.Some examples exist of studies that have been done in the analysis of networks of natural structures. In, Sebok and Roemer determine the complexity of nerve structures in an EM formed slide. Here the number of nodes that exist in the image describes how dense nerve fibers are in a particular region of the skin. Hildith proposes a network structural analysis algorithm for the automatic classification of chromosome spreads (type, relative size and orientation).

Dual stain kit for the microscopic gram classification of ocular infection bacteria

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 248-249
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Dale N. Holdren ◽  
Kenneth L. Cohen ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Keratitis and conjunctivitis (infections of the cornea or conjunctiva) are ocular infections caused by various bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites; bacteria, however, are usually prominent. Systemic conditions such as alcoholism, diabetes, debilitating disease, AIDS and immunosuppressive therapy can lead to increased susceptibility but trauma and contact lens use are very important factors. Gram-negative bacteria are most frequently cultured in these situations and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is most usually isolated from culture-positive ulcers of patients using contact lenses. Smears for staining can be obtained with a special swab or spatula and Gram staining frequently guides choice of a therapeutic rinse prior to the report of the culture results upon which specific antibiotic therapy is based. In some cases staining of the direct smear may be diagnostic in situations where the culture will not grow. In these cases different types of stains occasionally assist in guiding therapy.

Ultrastructural Classification of Pituary Adenomas

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-258
Author(s):  
S. Arumugam ◽  
Sarasa Bharati Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Organelle ◽  
Null Cell ◽  
Cell Adenoma ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Light Microscope Level ◽  
Null Cell Adenoma ◽  
Growth Hormone Cell ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽  
Organelle Morphology

Adenoaas of the pituitary are no longer classified based on their tinctorial affinity to dyes. With the advent of the newer methods of sophisticated technology, it is now possible to classify. These depending upon the type of hormone secreted based either on histochemical techniques or on ultrastructural characteristics. The latter provides an insight into the cytoplasmic organelle morphology which offers a delightful feast to the eye as well.This paper presents the ultrastructural characters of the pituitary adenoma as seen in Madras. 171 adenomas (124 males and 47 females) were seen during 1972-1989, classified at the light microscope level as 159 chromophobe, 2 basophilic, 4 eosinophilic and 6 mixed adenomas.Ultrastructural examination showed that the sparsely granular prolactin cell adenoma is the commonest adenoma to be encountered closely followed by the growth hormone cell adenoma, null cell adenoma, the mixed cell adenoma and others.

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