Evolution of air quality in the Sao Paulo metropolitan area and its relation with public policies

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H.R.B. Martins ◽  
R. Anazia ◽  
M.L.G. Guardani ◽  
C.I.V. Lacava ◽  
J. Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

Evolution of air quality in the Sao Paulo metropolitan area and its relation with public policies

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H.R.B. Martins ◽  
R. Anazia ◽  
M.L.G. Guardani ◽  
C.I.V. Lacava ◽  
J. Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

scholarly journals Characterization of Air-Quality Degradation Episodes of PM10 in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo and Their Relationship with Meteorological Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Maria C. Q. D. Oliveira ◽  
Luciana V. Rizzo ◽  
Anita Drumond
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Duration Distribution ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Air pollution is one of the main environmental problems in large urban centers, affecting people’s health and impacting quality of life. The Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) presents frequent exceedances of air-quality standards in inhalable particulate matter (PM10), a consequence of pollutant emissions modulated by meteorological conditions. This study aims to identify and characterize PM10persistent exceedance events (PEE) inthe MASP between 2005 and 2017, relating them to meteorological conditions. The criteria used to select the events were: (i) events that occurred in at least 50% of the air-quality monitoring stations chosen for this study and, (ii) among the events that met the first criterion, those with a duration equal to or greater than five days, which correspond to the 80% percentile of the event duration distribution. A total 71 persistent episodes of exceedance were selected. The results show that the exceedance of PM10 lasted up to 14 consecutive days and was predominant in the austral winter, accompanied by an increase in maximum temperature (T), a decrease in wind speed (WS) and relative humidity (RH), and a wind direction predominantly from the northwest during the peak concentration of the pollutant. On average, a concentration increase of 60% was observed at the peak of the PEE.

scholarly journals Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM2.5 Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Gregori de Arruda Moreira ◽  
Izabel da Silva Andrade ◽  
Alexandre Cacheffo ◽  
Fábio Juliano da Silva Lopes ◽  
Alexandre Calzavara Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Aerosol Layer ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Quality Classification ◽  
Entrainment Process

Severe biomass burning (BB) events have become increasingly common in South America in the last few years, mainly due to the high number of wildfires observed recently. Such incidents can negatively influence the air quality index associated with PM2.5 (particulate matter, which is harmful to human health). A study performed in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) took place on selected days of July 2019, evaluated the influence of a BB event on air quality. Use of combined remote sensing, a surface monitoring system and data modeling and enabled detection of the BB plume arrival (light detection and ranging (lidar) ratio of (50 ± 34) sr at 532 nm, and (72 ± 45) sr at 355 nm) and how it affected the Ångström exponent (>1.3), atmospheric optical depth (>0.7), PM2.5 concentrations (>25 µg.m−3), and air quality classification. The utilization of high-order statistical moments, obtained from elastic lidar, provided a new way to observe the entrainment process, allowing understanding of how a decoupled aerosol layer influences the local urban area. This new novel approach enables a lidar system to obtain the same results as a more complex set of instruments and verify how BB events contribute from air masses aloft towards near ground ones.

Air quality status and trends over the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo, Brazil as a result of emission control policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 68-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Silveira Barreto Carvalho ◽  
Edmilson Dias Freitas ◽  
Leila Droprinchinski Martins ◽  
Jorge Alberto Martins ◽  
Caroline Rosario Mazzoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Status And Trends ◽  
Quality Status

scholarly journals Air quality and fossil fuel driven transportation in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 100137
Author(s):  
P.J. Pérez-Martínez ◽  
R.M. Miranda ◽  
M.F. Andrade ◽  
P. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

scholarly journals Fog, Temperature and Air Quality Over the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo: a Trend Analysis from 1998 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Cardoso Mühlig ◽  
Otto Klemm ◽  
Fábio Luiz Teixeira Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Daily Minimum Temperature ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Dichotomous Variable ◽  
Binary Dependent Variable

AbstractThis study investigates the long-term development of fog occurrences in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP). Specifically, it analyzes the roles of meteorological and air quality parameters as potential drivers for fog formation. A dataset reaching back to the year 1933 shows that the overall trends of the annual fog occurrences (AFO) coincide with those of the annual mean temperature. Air quality data have been available since 1998, allowing us to perform a statistical analysis of the contributions of meteorology and air quality to AFO for the period from 1998 to 2018. The logistic regression model shows that the binary dependent variable (daily fog occurrence, FO) is explained by its independent predictors PM10, relative humidity (rH), and daily minimum temperature (Tmin), in that order. FO was not found to be significantly influenced by atmospheric pressure (aP) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). While the influence of SO2 was minor and associated with less confidence, it was negative. Potential causes for these surprising results are discussed. We conclude that the parameters PM10, rH, and Tmin are significant drivers of fog formation in the MASP, whereby the total explanatory power of the drivers for the dichotomous variable FO is 16%.

Evaluation of atmospheric aerosols in the metropolitan area of São Paulo simulated by the regional EURAD-IM model on high-resolution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ediclê De Souza Fernandes Duarte ◽  
Philipp Franke ◽  
Anne Caroline Lange ◽  
Elmar Friese ◽  
Fábio Juliano da Silva Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Im Model

scholarly journals Determinants of neonatal, postneonatal and maternal mortality on models of primary health

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Guerra ◽  
L M Guerra ◽  
L F Probst ◽  
B V Castro Gondinho ◽  
G M Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Care Organization ◽  
São Paulo

Abstract Background The state of São Paulo recorded a significant reduction in infant mortality, but the desired reduction in maternal mortality was not achieved. Knowledge of the factors with impact on these indicators would be of help in formulating public policies. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relations between socioeconomic and demographic factors, health care model and both infant mortality and maternal mortality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods In this ecological study, data from national official open sources were used. Analyzed were 645 municipalities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. For each municipality, the infant mortality and maternal mortality rates were calculated for every 1000 live births, 2013. The association between these rates, socioeconomic variables, demographic models and the primary care organization model in the municipality were verified. We used the zero-inflated negative binomial model. Gross analysis was performed and then multiple regression models were estimated. For associations, we adopted “p” at 5%. Results The increase in the HDI of the city and proportion of Family Health Care Strategy implemented were significantly associated with the reduction in both infant mortality (neonatal + post-neonatal) and maternal mortality rates. In turn, the increase in birth and caesarean delivery rates were associated with the increase in infant and maternal mortality rates. Conclusions It was concluded that the Family Health Care Strategy model that contributed to the reduction in infant (neonatal + post-neonatal) and maternal mortality rates, and so did actors such as HDI and cesarean section. Thus, public health managers should prefer this model. Key messages Implementation of public policies with specific focus on attenuating these factors and making it possible to optimize resources, and not interrupting the FHS. Knowledge of the factors with impact on these indicators would be of help in formulating public policies.

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