scholarly journals Association between patellar tendon moment arm and running performance in endurance runners

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromasa Ueno ◽  
Tadashi Suga ◽  
Kenji Takao ◽  
Takahiro Tanaka ◽  
Yuto Miyake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Moment Arm ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Endurance Runners

scholarly journals Evaluation of Intrinsic Biomechanical Risk Factors in Patellar Tendinopathy: A Retrospective Radiographic Case-Control Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 232596711881603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Dan ◽  
James McMahon ◽  
William C.H. Parr ◽  
David Broe ◽  
Phil Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Patella Alta ◽  
Patellar Tendinopathy ◽  
Moment Arm ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Pivot Point ◽  
Lever Arm ◽  
Radiographic Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Patellar tendinopathy is an overuse condition often affecting athletes. It has been postulated that patellar tendinopathy is associated with patella alta; however, this and any other anatomic risk factors have not been identified. Purpose: To explore whether lever arm differences from radiographic measurements exist between patients with and without tendinopathy. This may provide surgeons with a simple radiographic means to identify patients at risk. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging scans of the knee from a sports imaging facility were screened and reviewed to identify 2 groups of patients: those with and those without imaging signs of patellar tendinopathy. The lateral radiographs were reviewed and measurements made to determine (1) lever arm ratio, (2) moment arm ratio, (3) angle between the moment and line of pull of the patellar tendon, (4) patellar tendon pivot point angle, and (5) patellar height (alta). Measurements were obtained directly from radiographs. The images and measurements were reviewed by 2 experienced orthopaedic clinicians. Results: A total of 105 patients were included in this study: 52 with patellar tendinopathy and 53 without patellar tendinopathy (controls). The mean age was similar between groups (23 years); females accounted for 8 of 52 patients with patellar tendinopathy and 24 of 53 patients without. The lever arm ratio in the group with patellar tendinopathy versus controls was 1.71 versus 1.01 ( P = .01), with a moment arm difference of 1.00 versus 0.80 ( P < .01), respectively. There was no difference detected between groups for patellar tendon angle, patellar tendon pivot point angle, knee flexion angle, or incidence of patella alta. No correlation was found with our measurements and the Insall-Salvati ratio. Statistical analysis was also performed according to sex, and a statistically significant difference between groups was found for differences in lever arm ratio and moment arm. Conclusion: The lever arm ratio and moment arm ratio from lateral radiographs were significantly different between patients with and without patellar tendinopathy. Further study is needed on the biomechanical implications of the pivot point and how altering it can affect stress within the patellar tendon, patellofemoral joint, and associated clinical outcomes.

A comparison of different two-dimensional approaches for the determination of the patellar tendon moment arm length

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios E. Tsaopoulos ◽  
Vasilios Baltzopoulos ◽  
Paula J. Richards ◽  
Constantinos N. Maganaris
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Moment Arm

scholarly journals The Potential Relationship Between Leg Bone Length and Running Performance in Well‐Trained Endurance Runners

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromasa Ueno ◽  
Tadashi Suga ◽  
Kenji Takao ◽  
Yuto Miyake ◽  
Masafumi Terada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Height ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Race Time ◽  
Tibial Length ◽  
Bone Length ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Leg Bones

Abstract The present study aimed to determine the relationship between leg bone length and running performance in well-trained endurance runners. The lengths of the leg bones in 42 male endurance runners (age: 20.0 ± 1.0 years, body height: 169.6 ± 5.6 cm, body mass: 56.4 ± 5.1 kg, personal best 5000-m race time: 14 min 59 s ± 28 s) were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. The lengths of the femur and tibia were calculated to assess the upper and lower leg lengths, respectively. The total length of the femur + tibia was calculated to assess the overall leg bone length. These lengths of the leg bones were normalized with body height, which was measured using a stadiometer to minimize differences in body size among participants. The relative tibial length was significantly correlated with personal best 5000-m race time (r = -0.328, p = 0.034). Moreover, a trend towards significance was observed in the relative femoral length (r = -0.301, p = 0.053). Furthermore, the relative total lengths of the femur + tibia were significantly correlated with personal best 5000-m race time (r = -0.353, p < 0.05). These findings suggest that although the relationship between the leg bone length and personal best 5000-m race time was relatively minor, the leg bone length, especially of the tibia, may be a potential morphological factor for achieving superior running performance in well-trained endurance runners.

Relationship Between Body Segment Mass and Running Performance in Well-Trained Endurance Runners

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hiromasa Ueno ◽  
Tadashi Suga ◽  
Kenji Takao ◽  
Masafumi Terada ◽  
Akinori Nagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Segment ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Race Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass ◽  
Absolute Mass ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Total Muscle

This study examined the relationship between body segment mass and running performance in endurance runners. The total (muscle, fat, and bone masses), lean (muscle mass), and fat masses of the leg, arm, and trunk segments in 37 well-trained endurance runners were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer. The relative segment mass was calculated by normalizing the absolute mass to body mass. There were no significant correlations between absolute total, lean, and fat masses of all 3 segments and personal best 5000-m race time. No significant correlations were also observed between all 3 relative masses of the arm segment and personal best 5000-m race time. In contrast, medium positive correlations were observed between the relative total and lean masses of the leg segment and personal best 5000-m race time (r = .387 and .335, respectively, both P ≤ .031). Furthermore, large negative correlations were observed between the relative total and lean masses of the trunk segment and personal best 5000-m race time (r = −.500 and −.548, respectively, both P ≤ .002). These findings suggest that a mass distribution with smaller leg mass and greater trunk mass may be advantageous for achieving better running performance in endurance runners.

Characteristics Associated with 10-km Running Performance among a Group of Highly Trained Male Endurance Runners Age 21–63 Years

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Bird ◽  
Simon C. Theakston ◽  
Andrew Owen ◽  
Alan M. Nevill
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
Single Predictor

This study assessed physiological and cardiac factors associated with 10-km running performance in a group of highly trained endurance runners age 21–63 years. Participants (N= 37) underwent a resting echocardiograph and incremental treadmill running test. They also provided information on their recent 10-km races. Data were analyzed using “best subsets” multiple regression. Declines with age were found for 10-km running speed (0.26 m · s−1· decade−1), maximum heart rate (4 beats/decade), VO2peak(6 ml · kg−1· min−1· decade−1), velocity at lactate threshold (1 m · s−1· decade−1), and VO2at lactate threshold (4 ml · kg−1· min−1· decade−1). The percentage of VO2peakat which lactate threshold occurred increased with age by 1.5% per decade. The rate of change of displacement of the atrioventricular plane at the left free wall and septum both declined by 1 cm · s−1· decade−1. The best single predictor of 10-km running speed was velocity at lactate threshold.

In vivo changes in the human patellar tendon moment arm length with different modes and intensities of muscle contraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (15) ◽  
pp. 3325-3332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios E. Tsaopoulos ◽  
Vasilios Baltzopoulos ◽  
Paula J. Richards ◽  
Constantinos N. Maganaris
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Moment Arm

Variation in the Patellar Tendon Moment Arm identified with an improved measurement framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Dandridge ◽  
Amy Garner ◽  
Andrew A. Amis ◽  
Justin P. Cobb ◽  
Richard J. Arkel
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Moment Arm ◽  
Measurement Framework

Improved quadriceps' mechanical advantage in single radius TKRs is not due to an increased patellar tendon moment arm

The Knee ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.R. Ward ◽  
H. Pandit ◽  
D. Hollinghurst ◽  
P. Moolgavkar ◽  
A.B. Zavatsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Moment Arm ◽  
Mechanical Advantage ◽  
Single Radius

Moment arm of the patellar tendon in the human knee

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet L. Krevolin ◽  
Marcus G. Pandy ◽  
John C. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Moment Arm ◽  
Human Knee

Energy Drinks Improve Five-Kilometer Running Performance in Recreational Endurance Runners

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2979-2990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Prins ◽  
Fredric L. Goss ◽  
Elizabeth F. Nagle ◽  
Kim Beals ◽  
Robert J. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Endurance Runners
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