scholarly journals Evidence for a direct effect of the autonomic nervous system on intestinal epithelial stem cell proliferation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e13745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Davis ◽  
Weinan Zhou ◽  
Megan J. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cell

scholarly journals A direct effect of the autonomic nervous system on somatic stem cell proliferation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (1) ◽  
pp. R1-R5
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Davis ◽  
Megan J. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Somatic Stem Cell ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Somatic Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Regulation of somatic stem cell proliferation is critical for the maintenance of tissue and organ function throughout the body. Modulators of this process include nutrients and peptides, but the role of an autonomic neural influence on stem cell proliferation has been neglected. This article describes the literature in support of autonomic nervous system (ANS) influence on somatic stem cells, with emphasis on intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) as a representative somatic stem cell. Based on the current available data, models for the direct influence of both branches of the ANS (the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems) on IESCs are outlined. Finally, the prospect of treatments derived from ANS influence on somatic stem cells is explored.

scholarly journals Sex differences influence intestinal epithelial stem cell proliferation independent of obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (13) ◽  
pp. e13746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weinan Zhou ◽  
Elizabeth A. Davis ◽  
Kailiang Li ◽  
Romana A. Nowak ◽  
Megan J. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cell

A Novel Role of Autophagy in Intestinal Epithelial Stem Cell Proliferation and Renewal

2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 650 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shaffiey ◽  
C. Sodhi ◽  
H. Jia ◽  
M. Good ◽  
M. Neal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cell

scholarly journals Endogenous stem cell proliferation after central nervous system injury: alternative therapeutic options

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas C. Bambakidis ◽  
Nicholas Theodore ◽  
Peter Nakaji ◽  
Adrian Harvey ◽  
Volker K. H. Sonntag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Stem Cell Populations ◽  
Endogenous Stem Cell

The continuous regeneration of glial cells arising from endogenous stem cell populations in the central nervous system (CNS) occurs throughout life in mammals. In the ongoing research to apply stem cell therapy to neurological diseases, the capacity to harness the multipotential ability of endogenous stem cell populations has become apparent. Such cell populations proliferate in response to a variety of injury states in the CNS, but in the absence of a supportive microenvironment they contribute little to any significant behavioral recovery. In the authors' laboratory and elsewhere, recent research on the regenerative potential of these stem cells in disease states such as spinal cord injury has demonstrated that the cells' proliferative potential may be greatly upregulated in response to appropriate growth signals and exogenously applied trophic factors. Further understanding of the potential of such multipotent cells and the mechanisms responsible for creating a favorable microenvironment for them may lead to additional therapeutic alternatives in the setting of neurological diseases. These therapies would require no exogenous stem cell sources and thus would avoid the ethical and moral considerations regarding their use. In this review the authors provide a brief overview of the enhancement of endogenous stem cell proliferation following neurological insult.

scholarly journals The autonomic nervous system regulates pancreatic β-cell proliferation in adult male rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (2) ◽  
pp. E234-E243
Author(s):  
Valentine S. Moullé ◽  
Caroline Tremblay ◽  
Anne-Laure Castell ◽  
Kevin Vivot ◽  
Mélanie Ethier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
The Brain

The pancreatic β-cell responds to changes in the nutrient environment to maintain glucose homeostasis by adapting its function and mass. Nutrients can act directly on the β-cell and also indirectly through the brain via autonomic nerves innervating islets. Despite the importance of the brain-islet axis in insulin secretion, relatively little is known regarding its involvement in β-cell proliferation. We previously demonstrated that prolonged infusions of nutrients in rats provoke a dramatic increase in β-cell proliferation in part because of the direct action of nutrients. Here, we addressed the contribution of the autonomic nervous system. In isolated islets, muscarinic stimulation increased, whereas adrenergic stimulation decreased, glucose-induced β-cell proliferation. Blocking α-adrenergic receptors reversed the effect of epinephrine on glucose + nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA)-induced β-cell proliferation, whereas activation of β-adrenergic receptors was without effect. Infusion of glucose + NEFA toward the brain stimulated β-cell proliferation, and this effect was abrogated following celiac vagotomy. The increase in β-cell proliferation following peripheral infusions of glucose + NEFA was not inhibited by vagotomy or atropine treatment but was blocked by coinfusion of epinephrine. We conclude that β-cell proliferation is stimulated by parasympathetic and inhibited by sympathetic signals. Whereas glucose + NEFA in the brain stimulates β-cell proliferation through the vagus nerve, β-cell proliferation in response to systemic nutrient excess does not involve parasympathetic signals but may be associated with decreased sympathetic tone.

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