scholarly journals Od Turgieniewa do Moore’a — rola literatury rosyjskiej w ideologii Ligi Gaelickiej

2018 ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Joanna Jarząb
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Native Language ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Celtic Revival ◽  
George Moore ◽  
Irish People ◽  
Autobiographical Accounts ◽  
Literary Output

The paper scrutinizes George Moore’s fascination with Ivan Turgenev’s literary output, which led the Irish novelist into writing his first collection of short stories. Interestingly, the abundance of influences resulted in George Moore being one of the few Irish writers, who, throughout his writing career, went from the state of eager interest in the Celtic Revival to the bitter criticism of the Gaelic League, visible in his autobiographical accounts. Interestingly, his collection of short stories The Untilled field (1903) well illustrates this process. Initially written in order to be used by the members of the Gaelic League as a text for translation into Irish, and therefore as a medium of dissemination of the native language among Irish people, later became a source of influence for James Joyce’s Dubliners. Therefore, the following paper aims to investigate the case of George Moore’s The Untilled field as a literary and cultural phenomenon. The reference to Ivan Turgenev’s A sportsman’s sketches (1852) is to be scrutinized. What is more, the paper investigates how the initial interest in the idea of a „Dublin Turgenev” did not end on this particular project but had a greater impact on Moore’s literary career. 

The Slovene literature in Austria (the national and the polycultural)

2020 ◽  
pp. 446-460
Author(s):  
Nadezhda N. Starikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
The State ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Linguistic Terms ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Slovenian Population ◽  
New Research

In 1920, the native Slovenian lands of southern Carinthia were included into the Austrian Republic, and the Slovenian population fell under the jurisdiction of the state, the official language of which was German. Under these conditions, literature in the native language became an important factor in the resistance against assimilation for the Carinthian Slovenes. However, decades later, the national protective function of the artistic word gradually came to naught. The contemporary literature of the Slovenian minority in Austria is a special phenomenon combining national and polycultural components and having two cultural and historical contexts, two identities - Slovenian and Austro-German. In aesthetic, thematic, linguistic terms, this literature is so diverse that it no longer fits into a literature of a national minority, and can no longer be automatically assigned to only one of the two literatures - Slovenian or Austrian. A variety of works, including proper Slovenian texts, hybrid bilingual forms, and compositions in German, of course, requires a new research methodology that would expand existing approaches and could cover the literary practice of those who create a panorama of Carinthian reality, which is in demand both in Slovenia and in Austria.

Pseudomorphosis as a Historical and Cultural Phenomenon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.И. Сулимов
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Social Segregation ◽  
Philosophical Consideration ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
State Language

статья посвящена социально-философскому рассмотрению такого историко-культурного явления как псевдоморфоза. Под данным термином понимается господство развитого в культурном плане общества над более молодым соседом, находящимся на более низкой ступени общественного развития. Опираясь на исследования немецкого философа О. Шпенглера и многочисленные исторические примеры, автор выделяет такие агенты эффективного создания псевдоморфозы как государственный язык, импортная модель образования и социальная сегрегация. the work is devoted to the socio-philosophical consideration of such a historical and cultural phenomenon as pseudomorphosis. This term refers to the dominance of a culturally developed society over a younger and more primitive neighbor. Based on the research of the German philosopher O. Spengler and numerous historical examples, the author identifies such agents for the effective creation of pseudomorphs as the state language, the import model of education and social segregation.

Exploiting native language interference for native language identification

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Ilia Markov ◽  
Vivi Nastase ◽  
Carlo Strapparava
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Emotion Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
Language Identification ◽  
Independent Features ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Native language identification (NLI)—the task of automatically identifying the native language (L1) of persons based on their writings in the second language (L2)—is based on the hypothesis that characteristics of L1 will surface and interfere in the production of texts in L2 to the extent that L1 is identifiable. We present an in-depth investigation of features that model a variety of linguistic phenomena potentially involved in native language interference in the context of the NLI task: the languages’ structuring of information through punctuation usage, emotion expression in language, and similarities of form with the L1 vocabulary through the use of anglicized words, cognates, and other misspellings. The results of experiments with different combinations of features in a variety of settings allow us to quantify the native language interference value of these linguistic phenomena and show how robust they are in cross-corpus experiments and with respect to proficiency in L2. These experiments provide a deeper insight into the NLI task, showing how native language interference explains the gap between baseline, corpus-independent features, and the state of the art that relies on features/representations that cover (indiscriminately) a variety of linguistic phenomena.

scholarly journals Modalidades productivas artesanales: expresiones de “lo local” en un mundo globalizado?

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica B. Rotman
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Current Stage ◽  
The Way

Esbozamos en este trabajo algunas consideraciones respecto de las relaciones entre la globalización y el tema artesanal, así como analizamos de que manera se expresa en el universo de las artesanías la dicotomía globallocal. La etapa actual de globalización se ha traducido en nuestro país en procesos de ajuste estructural; éstos suponen la reducción de los ámbitos de incumbencia pública, la retracción del estado, políticas de privatizaciones y aperturas de fronteras. La pauperización del país afecta más fuertemente a los sectores productivos más débiles. La modalidad productiva de los artesanos y sus condiciones de inserción en el mercado los hace sumamente vulnerables a los cambios estructurales que se producen en la actualidad. La producción artesanal, frecuentemente considerada como una expresión privilegiada de ‘lo local’ constituye un interesante fenómeno económico-cultural desde donde pensar las cuestiones planteadas. Abstract This article offers some considerations regarding the relationships between the phenomena of globalization and craftsmanship, analyzing the way the latter universe expresses the global-local dichotomy. The current stage of globalization has been translated in Argentina in processes of structural adjustment, which implied the reduction of the environments of public incumbency, the retraction of the state, privatization policies, and so on. This pauperization of the country affects the productive sectors. The productive modality of the artisans and the specific conditions they participate in the market turn them extremely vulnerable to the structural changes that take place at the present time. The production of craftsmen, frequently considered a privileged expression of the “local””, constitutes an interesting economic-cultural phenomenon from where to think the outlined questions.

scholarly journals The second language acquisition: problems and challenges for Georgian Deaf community

2021 ◽  
Vol X (3) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Tamar Makharoblidze ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Native Language ◽  
The State ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
State Language

As stated in the title, the paper is devoted to the issue of second language acquisition by Deaf people in Georgia, describing the current situation and the challenges. There are about 2500 Deaf and hard of hearing residents in Georgia. Being the linguistic minority in the country, these people communicate with each-other in the Georgian Sign Language – GESL. The second native language for local Deaf and hard of hearing people is the Georgian spoken language – the State language. In many countries Deaf people are bilingual, while it is hard to consider the local Deaf and hard of hearing people bilingual, as the knowledge of spoken Georgian on the level of a native language among the Deaf residents is not observed. Unfortunately in Georgia there are no studies concerning the second language acquisition for Deaf and hard of hearing people. The main problems are the agrammatism in written communication on the state language and the ignorance of deferent hierarchical levels of spoken Georgian. This short paper offers the key issues for the plan of strategy of spoken Georgian acquisition for local Deaf and hard of hearing residents.

Suspect stories: William Trevor’s portrayals of the Irish in London during the Troubles

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Murray
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
The Political ◽  
Contact Zones ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
Collective Narratives ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Irish People ◽  
Valuable Role

This chapter explores how three short stories by William Trevor portray the way in which Irish people in London were affected by the Troubles. For a writer who had established a reputation for his empathetic portrayal of the anomalous position of the Anglo-Irish in Ireland, the political situation of the Irish in London in the 1970s and 1980s provided Trevor with similar subject matter, but in a wholly new context. His stories provide an important corrective to some of the more pervasive stereotypes found in the popular genre of Troubles fiction. They reveal how, during the Troubles, the neighbourhood and the home became heightened political ‘contact zones’ between migrant and host communities. With attention to AvtarBrah’s notion of ‘diaspora space’, I demonstrate how fiction, and the personal and collective narratives contained therein, has a valuable role to play in mediating memories of the Troubles in Britain. This, in turn, can inform the wider discussion of British-Irish relations and contribute to post-conflict understanding.

ETHNIC IDENTITY AND OTHER FEATURES OF MODERN SINOPHONE… TIBETAN LITERATURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Zavidovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Sinophone Literature

This paper focuses on a scope of short stories starting from 1980s produced by writers, who are ethnic Tibetans or come from mixed Sino-Tibetan families, but write in Chinese, which is either their native language, or have been acquired in childhood. I am interested in discerning specific features of this literature, which make it stand apart from modern sinophone literature produced by ethnic Hans and represent ethnic identity by means of a medium unfamiliar to many of these writers.

NATIONAL EDUCATION IS THE MAIN GUARANTEE OF ESTABLISHING NATIONAL ELITE

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Mykola Zhulynskiy
Keyword(s):  
Private School ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Language Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Right

In the article, the scientist focuses on the goal of education – the formation of a leading strata of the Ukrainian people – intellectuals, the national elite. The article states that the national character is formed only by the national school. The purpose of education is defined - formation of the leading layer of the Ukrainian people - intellectuals, national elites. It is noted that a conscious volyn political elite was formed. In a systematic analysis of archival sources, the author notes that in the State Archives of Ternopil region (fund 351) you can learn about the teachers of the gymnasium: the director and teacher of Latin Sergey Ulianovich Milyashkevich, professor of general history, geography and Latin Andrei Kutsa, professor of Ukrainian language and literature Victor Gnazhevsky , teachers of religion (Yuriy Ivanitsky), natural sciences and arithmetic (Luka Skibinetsky), manual labor, calligraphy and drawing (Vasyl Doroshenko), French and German; (Katerina Milyashkevich), teacher of mathematics. Physics and Chemistry (Vasyl Kavun). Describing the preconditions for the emergence of Ukrainian gymnasiums in Volyn, the author notes that at that time in the late 1920's Volyn voivodship operated 1144 schools, of which 390 were late saturdays, 750 Polish and only 4 schools with Ukrainian language education. The state program of assimilation of national minorities (the Ukrainian minority in the Second Common Polish Commonwealth was the second largest national group after the Poles, accounting for about 15% of the total population) in Volhynia was through compulsory school education in the spirit of the Propolis ideology. At the same time, Ukrainians sought to uphold the right to open schools with their native language of instruction even in those areas where they were quantitatively prevailing. This was guaranteed to the Ukrainians by the Polish Constitution of 1921. (Articles 110-111), but in reality it was extremely difficult to achieve this. Even the opening of a Ukrainian private school required a lot of effort - only with the permission of the minister of religion and public education. Kremenets Gymnasium, as well as Lutsk, as well as Rivne (arose thanks to the "Enlightenment" of 1923), nourished the native language, professed Orthodox traditions, revered outstanding national figures, leaders of the nation. It is from this angle that the role of the Ukrainian Gymnasium in Kremenets is shown, along with similar gymnasia in Lutsk and Vinnitsa in the formation of the secular and spiritual national consciousness of the Ukrainian intelligentsia, who later worked on asserting the statehood, including in the UPA ranks, for the development of the Ukrainian national culture.

Postfascism in Spain: The Struggle for Catalonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 761-776
Author(s):  
Ignasi Bernat ◽  
David Whyte
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
The State ◽  
European History ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Historical Turn ◽  
National Police

The thousands of Spanish National Police and Guardia Civil sent to Barcelona in order to prevent the referendum legislated by the Catalan Parliament on 6 and 7 September 2017 raised major questions about the fragility of Spanish democracy. The subsequent display of police violence on 1 October and the imprisonment and criminalisation of political opponents for the archaic offences of ‘rebellion’ and ‘sedition’ looked even less ‘democratic’. Indeed, those events in Catalonia constitute a remarkable moment in recent European history. This article uses the literature on ‘postfascism’ (developed in this journal and elsewhere) to analyse this remarkable moment and develop its social connections to the parallel re-emergence of fascist violence on the streets and the appearance of fascist symbolism in mainstream politics in Spain. The literature on postfascism identifies contemporary fascism as a specifically cultural phenomenon, but generally fails to identify how the conditions that sustain the far right originate inside the state. In order to capture this historical turn more concretely as a process in which state institutions and processes of statecraft are intimately involved, we argue that the Spanish state is postfascist. The article offers a brief critique of the way the concept of postfascism has been deployed, and, through an empirical reading of the historical development of Spanish state institutions, it proposes a modified frame that can be used to understand the situation in Catalonia.

scholarly journals The Struggle for Native Language in Ladakh: A History of a Journal

2015 ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Ekaterina L. Komissaruk
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Native Language ◽  
The State ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of

Considers the problem of the native language of the people of Ladakh, a region of India in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The situation is analysed in relation to the history of the “Ladags Melong” journal (1992-2005) published in English and Ladakhi and the regional educational system.

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