scholarly journals If Machines Want to Dream... Adam Wiśniewski-Snerg on Ethical Consequences of There Being No Substantial Distinction between Humans and Robots

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Artur Jocz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Bruno Schulz ◽  
Fiction Writer

Adam Wiśniewski-Snerg (1937-1995) was a Polish science fiction writer. In his novel Robot (1973), he made an attempt at a literary visualization of a machine acquiring human identity. In this article I would like to follow the ethical consequences of such situations in created literary worlds. It is worth remembering, however, that these artistic worlds often serve to test non-literary reality. In his novel, Wiśniewski-Snerg also dealt with the problem of human feelings (e.g. moral dilemmas) in a thinking machine, which is formed in the image and likeness of a human being. Such literary reflection is valuable, partly because it enters into an interesting dialogue with the work of Bruno Schulz (1892- 1942), one of the most important Polish writers of the 20th century. It is also one of the first attempts in Polish literature to address the issue of sentient machines, and is a kind of preview of contemporary dilemmas connected with the work on the creation of artificial intelligence. An example of such a dilemma is the issue of the sentient machine’s perception of the tasks imposed on it by the human-constructor. Perhaps it will start to experience them as a kind of unethical oppression. In Wiśniewski-Snerg’s writing this problem of is, of course, expressed in a metaphorical way.

scholarly journals THE ADVANCEMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE A WAY TO MAN AND MACHINE IN COMBAT IN TIME MACHINE AND I ROBOT

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Sumathi R ◽  
Sutharshan V
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Time Machine ◽  
General Outline ◽  
Fantasy Fiction ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Future Events

Science fiction has proved notoriously difficult to define. It can be explained as a combination of science and technology and development in robotics in short it can be otherwise called as ‘realistic speculation about future events and a genre based on an imagined alternative to the reader's environment. It has been called a form of fantasy fiction and an historical literature. The paper goes further with two main concepts one with clash between two people of future and the other with advancement of science particularly on robotics. First is about general outline to science fiction in short a (SF) a genre cause problem because itdoes not recognize the hybrid nature of many SF works. It is more helpful to think of it as a mode or field where different genres and subgenres intersect. And then there is the issue of science. In the early decades of the 20th century, a number of writers attempted to tie this fiction to science and event to use it as a means of promoting scientific knowledge, a position which continues into what has become known as ‘hard SF’. The research article is completely based on advancement of science and its effects.

‘The History of Gods’

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Joshua Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Turing Test ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The evolution of artificial intelligence in science fiction film has showcased an array of technological marvels, and yet each reflects the era in which the films were made, be it what the device looks like, the extent of its power, or the ethical/moral issues surrounding its existence. Ex Machina is no different, with the development of AI firmly embedded in the tech industry. Caleb’s entire purpose for being at Nathan’s compound is to determine whether Nathan has, in fact, created artificial intelligence or if Ava is simply imitating human interactions. This is called the Turing Test, which has been around for nearly 70 years, and it has been rigorously debated for almost its entire existence. Ex Machina pushes this debate by accepting and challenging key assumptions of the Turing Test while positing its own: The role affection/attraction/love might play in the entire process. As such, by considering these emotional components (as expressed toward the creation rather than from it) grounds the discussion in terms of morality and soul, something previous films have treated more as a by-product of artificial intelligence.

The Radium Terrors

Nuncius ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Candela
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Radioactive Elements ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
Collective Imagination ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Public Imagination

At the beginning of the 20th century the collective imagination was fascinated and terrified by the discovery of radium. A scientific imagery sprang up around radioactivity and was disseminated by public lectures and newspaper articles discussing the ambiguous power of this strange substance. It was claimed that radium could be used to treat cholera, typhus and tuberculosis, but at the same time there were warnings that it could be used for military purposes. The media and the scientists themselves employed a rich vocabulary influenced by religion, alchemy and magic. The ambivalent power of radioactive elements exerted a great influence on science fiction novelists. This paper will examine some significant works published in Europe, America and Russia during the first decades of the 20th century and their role in the creation of the complex imagery of radioactivity that seized the public imagination long before the invention of the atomic bomb.

Erschöpftes Bewusstsein

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Otte
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Normative Behavior ◽  
The Face ◽  
Human Integrity

Almost 200 years have passed since the publication of E.T.A. Hoffmann's Der Sandmann and Alex Garland's science fiction film Ex Machina. And yet both ask amazingly similar questions about human integrity in the face of artificial intelligence. The humanoid machines act as objects of reflection, from which it can be seen that the essence of human beings is always only contoured in an omnipresent network of power relations and by imitating normative behavior patterns. These power relations and performative acts are discussed in more detail in this work, among other things, by referring back to the concepts of panoptism and performativity. Posthuman subjects are thus negotiated as both a danger and an enlightenment for the human being.

scholarly journals Gdzie kończy się literatura? Głos Pana i  Golem XIV — Stanisława Lema „resztki po powieści”

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Dariusz Brzostek
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Lacanian Theory ◽  
Stanislaw Lem ◽  
First Contact ◽  
Fiction Writer

Where the literature ends? His Master’s Voice and Golem XIV — Stanisław Lem’s “relics of a  novel”The paper discusses the literary works of Polish science fiction writer — Stanisław Lem, particulary two of his late novels: His Master’s Voice 1968 and Golem XIV 1981. The essay focuses on the relics of a novel in these non-narrative works, including the lectures of an artificial intelligence Golem XIV and scientific essays on the first contact between humans and alien life form His Master’s Voice. A  subject of the paper is the psychoanalysis of the creative process and the reading of the relics of a  novel such as a  description as a  pattern of development or a  found-manuscript device in terms of Lacanian theory of the symptom and the theory of jouissance of the speaking subject parlêtre.

scholarly journals Humanized Artificial Body in the 20th Century Italian Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-199
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Saprykina
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Italian Literature ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fiction Writers ◽  
The One

In various epochs, science fiction writers shared an interest in problems related to the humanization of an artificial body and the process of human interaction with a man’s own creation. In the 20th century Italian literature, in particular, this theme emerged already at the dawn of the century (e.g. а futuristic novel by F.T. Marinetti) and was present up until the beginning of the current “age of artificial intelligence.” Fantastic plots of several short stories and novellas by D. Buzzati and T. Landolfi, written in the 1950s and 60s, depicted ambivalent perception of the technogenic civilization and its novelties by the modern cultural consciousness. On the one hand, these works reflected the turning of the machine into an indispensable attribute of the social status of the modern human, the guarant of her private life success and mental health. On the other hand, in science fiction, there is a clear tendency to dramatize the problems and difficulties that the technological age set for a human — in particular, the problem of preserving the privilege of the human consciousness over the increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence of the machine.

Trading faces: Complete AI face doubles avoid the uncanny valley

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Welker ◽  
David France ◽  
Alice Henty ◽  
Thalia Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
Torture Survivors ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Full Face ◽  
The Impact

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) enable the creation of videos in which a person appears to say or do things they did not. The impact of these so-called “deepfakes” hinges on their perceived realness. Here we tested different versions of deepfake faces for Welcome to Chechnya, a documentary that used face swaps to protect the privacy of Chechen torture survivors who were persecuted because of their sexual orientation. AI face swaps that replace an entire face with another were perceived as more human-like and less unsettling compared to partial face swaps that left the survivors’ original eyes unaltered. The full-face swap was deemed the least unsettling even in comparison to the original (unaltered) face. When rendered in full, AI face swaps can appear human and avoid aversive responses in the viewer associated with the uncanny valley.

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