scholarly journals Social Cognitive Domain Coordination in Left-Behind Children: A Comparative Study of Left-Behind and Non-Left-Behind Children in Rural China

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-283
Author(s):  
Jianjin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The One ◽  
Older Males ◽  
Explicit Rule

Forty-seven left-behind children (LB) and 40 non-left-behind children (NL) in rural China were interviewed to evaluate moral, conventional, and personal violations by providing judgments and justifications. The results suggested that both LBs and NLs differentiate the rules of moral, conventional and personal domains. However, there are some differences: 1. The NL considered it acceptable to commit a personal infraction when there was no rue prohibiting it, while the LB considered it wrong; 2. The younger male LBs were more willing to accept situations without moral psychological rules, compared with younger female LBs, older male LBs, and younger male NLs. Age, sex differences were also found. The one out of our expectation is that younger males considered it more acceptable to commit a personal infraction than older males did and believed it all right if there was no explicit rule on it. Meanwhile, in providing reasons to support their judgments or evaluations, the findings revealed that: 1. More often LBs referred to social conventional reasoning even when evaluating moral and personal rules and violations, especially on personal issues; 2. LBs used more justifications of punishment and fewer justifications of personal growth. The implications of the results of the study for children’s moral development and education, especially for LBs, are discussed.

scholarly journals Social Cognitive Domain Coordination in Left-Behind Children: A Comparative Study of Left-Behind and Non-Left-Behind Children in Rural China

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-283
Author(s):  
Jianjin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The One ◽  
Older Males ◽  
Explicit Rule

Forty-seven left-behind children (LB) and 40 non-left-behind children (NL) in rural China were interviewed to evaluate moral, conventional, and personal violations by providing judgments and justifications. The results suggested that both LBs and NLs differentiate the rules of moral, conventional and personal domains. However, there are some differences: 1. The NL considered it acceptable to commit a personal infraction when there was no rue prohibiting it, while the LB considered it wrong; 2. The younger male LBs were more willing to accept situations without moral psychological rules, compared with younger female LBs, older male LBs, and younger male NLs. Age, sex differences were also found. The one out of our expectation is that younger males considered it more acceptable to commit a personal infraction than older males did and believed it all right if there was no explicit rule on it. Meanwhile, in providing reasons to support their judgments or evaluations, the findings revealed that: 1. More often LBs referred to social conventional reasoning even when evaluating moral and personal rules and violations, especially on personal issues; 2. LBs used more justifications of punishment and fewer justifications of personal growth. The implications of the results of the study for children’s moral development and education, especially for LBs, are discussed.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Muslim beliefs and practices: Age related differences and context effects

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maykel Verkuyten ◽  
Luuk Slooter
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Social Implication ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Older Males

Tolerant judgments of Muslims' political rights and dissenting beliefs and practices by ethnic Dutch adolescents (12—18 years) were examined. Participants ( N = 632) made judgments of different types of behaviors and different contexts in an experimental questionnaire study. As in other studies, tolerance was found to not be a global construct. Adolescents took into account various aspects of what they were asked to tolerate and the sense in which they should be tolerant. The type of actor, the nature of the social implication of the behavior, the underlying belief type, and the dimension of tolerance, all made a difference to the tolerant judgments. Additionally, the findings strongly suggest that tolerance judgments do not develop through an age-related stage-like sequence where an intolerant attitude is followed by tolerance. For females, there were no age differences, and older males were less tolerant than younger males. There were also gender differences with males being less tolerant for some types of behavior and females being less tolerant for behaviors that negatively affected Muslim females. Level of education had a positive effect on tolerance. The findings are discussed with reference to social-cognitive domain theory.

Sex Differences in Two Fundamental Cognitive Domains

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Wakabayashi ◽  
Junko Sasaki ◽  
Youji Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intuitive Physics ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research indicates that, on average, females are superior at tasks concerned with the social cognitive domain, whereas males are superior at tasks concerned with physical cognitive domains. The empathizing-systemizing (E-S) theory explains these differences by proposing two independent cognitive drives: empathizing and systemizing. The present study explores sex differences and the relationship between these cognitive domains. Participants were 267 elementary school children (mean age = 9.8) and 102 university students (mean age = 20.7) who performed two tasks: the Eyes test and the intuitive physics test. Results showed that females scored higher than males on the Eyes test in both participant groups, whereas no marked sex differences appeared in the intuitive physics test. Distributions of cognitive styles, derived from performance differences in the two tasks, showed marked sex differences, and correlations between performances in the two tasks were near zero in both groups, were consistent with E-S theory.

Left Behind by COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
Jue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Socially Isolated

“Left-behind” children in rural China are those whose parents seek work in urban areas and leave them behind in their hometowns. In this article, I focus on the experiences of five young “left-behind” girls who were socially isolated because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the Chinese authorities’ instruction to schools to “Stop classes, but don’t stop learning,” I examine microlevel data on the tensions and challenges experienced by these girls during the COVID-19 lockdown. I look at how the pandemic has affected these girls in relation to school and family life and suggest that it has exposed and magnified gender inequalities, particularly those related to the maltreatment exerted by their guardians and/or brothers, that have left them even further behind.

Civil conflicts and the conditions for successful international intervention: a comparative study of Cambodia and El Salvador

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo L. Munck ◽  
Chetan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
New World Order ◽  
International Intervention ◽  
Civil Conflicts ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Territorial Conflicts ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cold War

As the Cold War has receded, it has left behind a world system characterized by two divergent trends. On the one hand, as the two superpowers have withdrawn their security umbrellas, a host of ethnic and territorial conflicts have sprouted around the globe. On the other hand, as former rival blocs now create alliances, international mechanisms for the peaceful resolution of contentious issues have proliferated. A central concern of our times, then, is whether, and under what circumstances, these new mechanisms will be successful in dealing with the disorderly aspects of the new world ‘order’.

Grandparent-child cohesion, friendship quality, and left-behind children’s positive/negative affect in rural China

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532110499
Author(s):  
Jingxin Zhao ◽  
Jing Ge ◽  
Qianyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Emotional Adaptation ◽  
Reinforcement Model ◽  
Intimate Exchange

This study examined the roles of grandparent-child cohesion and friendship quality in left-behind children’s positive and negative affect compared with non-left-behind children. Data from 557 participants indicated that grandparent-child cohesion and friendship quality predicted children’s emotional adaptation. Friend trust and support and intimate exchange had a stronger predictive effect on positive affect among non-left-behind children. Moreover, the interaction effects between grandparent-child cohesion and friendship quality on children’s positive affect supported the reinforcement model, while the interaction effects on negative affect supported the reinforcement model among left-behind children but supported the compensation model among non-left-behind children.

TO THE DYNAMICS OF THE NEED FOR STUDENTS' COMMUNICATION ACTIVITY COMPONENT AT THE PHARMACEUTICAL FACULTY OF VSMU

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
A. L. Tserkovskiy ◽  
◽  
O. I. Gapova ◽  
E. A. Skorikova ◽  
S. A. Petrovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
Activity Component ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communication Activity ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level

The purpose of this research is to study the need for the students' communication activity component at the Pharmaceutical faculty of VSMU. Dual feature of the levels indicators dynamics in the need for communication is revealed. On the one hand, there is a tendency to reduce the average level in the need for communication and to increase its high level at the expense of girls. On the other hand, there is a fairly significant increase in the average level in the need for communication among young men against the background of an obvious predominance of the average level in the need for communication among the students of the entire sampling. The study allows us to state obvious influence of the informational educational environment at VSMU on the personal growth of students at the Pharmaceutical faculty, on the formation of their communicative competence as the most important component of the professional competence of future pharmacists. The results of the study can be used in the educational process of VSMU, in the activities of the social and pedagogical and psychological service, in the work of educators in academic groups and for tutors.

‘Hij ziet mij als bezit en denkt dat hij kan doen wat hij wil.’ Afhankelijk verblijf en partnergeweld

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
Edien Bartels
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The One

Abstract Marriage migrant women are vulnerable to forms of partner violence, particularly in the first five years after migration to the Netherlands because of their dependence on their partner for residence rights. This article, based on qualitative research amongst Moroccan marriage migrant women in the Netherlands and women who have been left behind in Morocco, examines their position and analyses how legal regulations and residence dependency on the one hand, and the integration process on the other hand, play a role in cases of intimate partner violence. This qualitative research cannot offer figures about intimate partner violence and is not representative for couples with migrant origin in general, nor for migrants from Moroccan origin. The aim is to examine the relation between dependence residence rights and intimate partner violence.

THE ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF CADETS’ PERSONAL GROWTH OF A DEPARTMENTAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE OF RUSSIA BASED ON THE EVALUATION INDICATORS OF THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSONAL QUESTIONNAIRE

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Денис Алексеевич Кудрин
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The One ◽  
Personal Changes ◽  
Emotional Burnout ◽  
Personal Questionnaire

В статье рассматривается результат исследования динамики личностного роста курсантов ведомственного вуза, а также необходимость изучения данной проблемы в рамках подготовки кадров для Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний. Анализируются исторические этапы формирования термина «личностный рост». Рассматриваются различные подходы к содержанию понятия. Дается современная интерпретация понятия «личностный рост». Определено, что профессиональный личностный рост курсанта вуза ФСИН России представляет собой динамический процесс профессионального становления. В статье описывается проведенное лонгитюдное исследование курсантов Академии ФСИН России. В исследовании использовался Многоуровневый личностный опросник (МЛО). Анализ полученных данных позволил прийти к выводу, что личностные изменения курсантов являются, с одной стороны, результатом взросления, которому способствуют условия обучения в вузе ФСИН России, а с другой стороны, результатом профессионального становления (освоение своей новой социальной роли). Также анализировались отдельные стимулы методики. В результате анализа было выявлено, что личностные изменения, происходящие с некоторыми курсантами в процессе обучения в специализированном вузе, носят негативный характер и схожи по симптоматике с синдромом «эмоционального выгорания». The article discusses the results of the study of the dynamics of personal growth of students of a departmental university, as well as the need to study this problem in the framework of training personnel for the Federal Penitentiary System. The historical stages of the formation of the term «personal growth» are analyzed. Various approaches to the content of the concept are considered. A modern interpretation of the concept of «Personal growth» is given. It is determined that the professional personal growth of a cadet of a departmental university of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia is a dynamic process of professional development. The article analyzes the statistics of the expelled cadets for 2017-2020, which may be a consequence of the lack of dynamics of personal growth. The article describes a longitudinal study of cadets of the Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in Ryazan. The study used a multi-level personal questionnaire. In the course of the study, data were obtained, the analysis of which can lead to the conclusion that the personal changes that occur in cadets are, on the one hand, the result of growing up, which is facilitated by the conditions of education in the departmental university of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, and, on the other hand, the result of professional formation (mastering their new social role). Individual stimuli of the methodology were also analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the personal changes that occur with some cadets in the course of training at a specialized university are negative in nature and are similar in symptoms to the «emotional burnout syndrome»

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