Problems of Cartographic Design in Geographic Information Systems for Transportation

1999 ◽  
pp. 44-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gordon Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Demand Modeling ◽  
Complex Linear ◽  
Data Layers

Geographic information systems for transportation (GIS-T) seek to integrate the geospatial approach of GIS and the tabular approach of conventional transportation analysis. GIS-T deals with such topics as network analysis, linear reference systems, travel demand modeling, and intelligent transportation systems. Conventional cartographic treatment of route features is reviewed in the context of the mapping challenges introduced by GIS-T. Problems in the visualization of complex linear data are identified and examined as cartographic design issues. Cartographic requirements are specified for mapping route-based data and basic design issues are identified. The representation of complex route-based data layers is posed as an undeveloped specialty of cartographic design. Some of the issues involved in developing such fundamental principles are summarized and potential avenues of research are suggested.

Simplified Estimation of Demand for Nonmotorized Trails Using Geographic Information Systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 1636 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Wigan ◽  
Anthony J. Richardson ◽  
Paris Brunton
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Destination Area ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
Gis Methods ◽  
Demand Patterns

Estimating off-road trail usage by nonmotorized modes is of increasing interest to the transportation community due to the rising importance of both recreational and nonmotorized travel. Demand patterns for two substantial off-road trails in Melbourne, Australia, were examined using survey and modeling methods to establish the potential for higher levels of demand. The two trails were different in two major respects: one was well promoted, well connected, and a destination in its own right; the other had similar potential, but the linkages and promotional activity to market its assets had not yet been undertaken. The characteristics of these two markets were examined using geographic information systems (GIS) methods and demand estimated on a differential basis using GIS tools. The simple method adopted highlighted the critical nature of marketing a connected series of off-road trails as a single unified route and an easily recognized destination area. The study had to be done using existing data, and it provides a means of combining transportation, GIS, and special-purpose off-road trail usage information to estimate potential demand.

scholarly journals Using Geographic Information Systems in science classrooms

2011 ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Science Curriculum ◽  
Science Classroom ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Plate Boundaries ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Visual Learners ◽  
Data Layers

This qualitative study examines GIS use in two North Carolina classrooms and illustrates several GIS lessons that span the gamut of worksheet type lessons to independent student research. Using Geographic Information Systems, GIS, in the science classroom has a variety of benefits which the associated literature describes. The teachers in this study report that GIS is a technology that a wide range of students enjoy using. Visual learners find GIS a way to establish and communicate relationships that may be difficult for them to communicate with words and this makes their learning more enjoyable and rewarding. GIS use allows teachers to simplify many science concepts and again appeal to visual learners. Earthquake and volcano location relative to plate boundaries is a good example that is illustrated in a model lesson here. Additionally, GIS technologies allow students to practice and enhance their inquiry and problem solving skills. Students must select appropriate data layers, produce a map that communicates clearly to an audience, and calculate values like perimeter and area. GIS maps can be used to help students generate research questions and then answer those questions. An example student project is also included. GIS is a multi-faceted technology that is ready for use in the science curriculum.

Interoperability and Design Issues of Spatial Data and Geographic Information Systems in Greece

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mersini Paschou ◽  
Evangelos Sakkopoulos ◽  
Efrosini Sourla ◽  
Athanasios Tsakalidis ◽  
Giannis Tzimas
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Design Issues

Automated Tool for Geographic Information Systems That Supports Transit Network Design by Identifying Urban Activity Centers

2017 ◽  
Vol 2651 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Casello ◽  
Pedram Fard
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Network Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Transit Network ◽  
Transit Network Design ◽  
Urban Activity

Public transit is central to sustainable multimodal transportation systems; however, designing an effective transit network remains an analytically challenging and complex task. Given the spatial nature of the problem, geographic information systems (GISs) can support transit network design by identifying subsections of urban areas within and between which very high travel demand exists. Once these corridors are identified, local knowledge and expertise may be used to develop routings that satisfy these demands. This paper presents a spatial approach to assist in designing transit networks and describes the development and application of an automated, spatial multicriteria aggregation algorithm implemented as a user-friendly GIS tool coded by using the Python scripting library (ArcPy). Using population and employment densities, spatial adjacency, and geographic and administrative boundaries, the GIS tool leverages readily available demographic data to classify and merge traffic analysis zones into larger urban activity centers. The tool then aggregates regional origin–destination matrices to visualize only the flows associated with the activity centers. The results show that this approach significantly reduces the number of origins and destinations to be considered in designing the network but retains a large proportion of regional trips. This paper demonstrates how the tool can be applied through an example from the region of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, where the local transit agency is developing a transit network to support a central light-rail transit line.

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